13 research outputs found
Perceptions of Medical students toward nosocomial infections at college of medicine-Babylon
No full textBackground: Health care Acquired Infections are a major cause of increasing morbidity and mortality around the world. Nosocomial infection contracted during medical treatment is a huge problem in hospitals. Up to 5,000 patients die every year from nosocomial infections. Up to 30% are preventable through simple infection control procedures. Infections increase costs, waiting lists, and harm-wide. The aims of this research are (1) to assess the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of medical students toward nosocomial infections. (2) to explore the source of information from which the medical students received their knowledge during college's study about nosocomial infections Subject and Methods: it is a descriptive cross-sectional study, which carried on one hundred and six final year students using non random sampling technique, there is no inclusion or exclusion criteria. This study was done in Al- Hilla College of Medicine/ University of Babylon and conducted during the period from 1st of January to 30th of October 2013, by using questionnaire through direct interview. Statistical analysis: Minitab version 18 software was used for data entry and analysis. P value ? 0.05 considered as significant. Results: The study showed that the overall average of the medical students' knowledge about HCAIs was (68.34%), however, the knowledge regarding specific areas was low, particularly concerning the risk of transmission of infection to the hospital personnel was(41.5%) and for the stethoscope was (43.86%) as a potential source of infections. In general, their behaviors to reduce the risk of infections were (69.38%), whereas, (49.06%) of them wearing protective materials when contact with patient. Generally the attitudes of medical students were positive (68.68%). Females had better attitudes than males (48.87%), (19.81%) concerning the perceived risk of acquiring a HAIs. Advising information about some items of HCAIs was generally (50, 65%). About safety (IV) inserted devices (52.84%) and only (22.16 %) have acceptable advised about Stethoscope cleaning. Conclusions and recommendations: this study concluded that the students have adequate knowledge, positive attitudes and acceptable behaviors to reduce nosocomial infections; however, advising information about some items of HCAIs was generally acceptable. These findings emphasize the need of stressing on education about this sort of infections in the health care curricula. Key word: nosocomial infection, sixth year, perception
Knowledge Translation in Emergency Medicine among Intern Doctors In Karbala Hospitals
No full textBackground: Knowledge translation (KT) describes any process that contributes to the effective and timely incorporation of evidence-based information into the practices of health professionals in such a way as to affect optimal health care outcomes and maximize the potential of the health care system. Emergency medicine offers a truly unique educational experience for medical students. The aim of this study: is to establish the extent to which newly graduated doctor in a medical program can translate their own knowledge to emergency practice. Method and Results: A descriptive cross sectional study conducted during the period from the first of January to the last day of September 2013 in Karbala Teaching Hospitals. The sample is composed of 49 Intern doctors (newly graduated) in Karbala teaching hospitals. The questionnaire consisted of two main domains, with 13 items. Section one (chick list) was designed to explore doctors' performance. The second section was designed to asses perceptions of doctors about emergency KT. Statistical Analysis Data was analyzed by Minitab 13.1 software was used for data entry and analysis. P-value ≤ 0.05 considered as significant. Results: Majority complete test with high score evidence. But reversed to that the majority (83.67%) show low evidences to call protocol, and about half of doctors (51.02%) failed to take consent. The majority of doctors (87.76%) did not incorporate guidelines and their implementation in clinical practice, and (69.39%) thought there are barriers to incorporate EBM. Conclusions and Recommendations; Most of candidate show high technical tasks regarding pass exam corresponding to that, the majority show low evidences to call protocol, and instead of that they follow traditional procedures that learned in emergency rooms from older doctors (Role Model). While most of candidates agree about the benefit of K.T to improve medical emergency service. Current study revealed a lack of awareness of benefit toward Continuous Medical Education. Extra research projects can be designed around the K.T to determine the most effective ways to adhere doctor’s optimal skills and ensure that they become efficient practitioners of evidence-based medicine (EM). Key wards: Knowledge translation, emergency medicine, Intern doctor
A Gender-Based Approach to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Adults with Diabetes Mellitus
No full text بالرغم من الحقيقة التي تفضي إن المرأة تواجه خطرا اقل من الرجل فيما يخص إصابتها بإمراض القلب والأوعية الدموية والوفيات الناجمة عنها قبل سن اليأس , فإنها تواجه نفس الخطورة او أعلى في حالة إصابتها بداء السكري
لمقارنة الفرو قات مابين الجنسين فيما يخص عوامل الخطورة لأمراض القلب والأوعية الدموية لدى البالغين المصابين بمرض السكري والمرضى الغير مصابين به
دراسة حالة مع مجموعة ضابطة. أجريت الدراسة في المركز التخصصي لأمراض الغدد الصم والسكري وفي عيادة الباطنية / العيادة الخارجية لمستشفى الكندي التعليمي للفترة من كانون الثاني ولغاية كانون الأول 2008.
اختيرت عينة من 314 (152 ذكور و 136 إناث ) من المرضى المصابين بداء السكري و 136( 72 ذكور و 64 إناث ) من المرضى الغير مصابين بداء السكري كمجموعة ضابطة . مجموعتي الدراسة تم اختيارهم من اللذين تتراوح أعمارهم مابين 18 – 35 سنة
تم التقصي عن عوامل الخطورة لأمراض القلب والأوعية الدموية لدى جميع المشمولين بالدراسة والتي تضمنت , تاريخ العائلة , التدخين , النشاط البدني , مؤشر كتلة الجسم , البدانة المركزية , ارتفاع ضغط الدم , ارتفاع نسبة الكولسترول في الدم , ارتفاع نسبة الدهون في الدم , انعدام ضبط نسبة السكر في الدم .
بعدها تمت دراسة الفرو قات مابين الجنسين فيم يخص عوامل الخطورة لدى المصابين بداء السكري وغير المصابين.
أظهرت الدراسة وجود فروقات إحصائية معنوية مابين الجنسين فيما يتعلق بعوامل الخطورة للإصابة بإمراض القلب والأوعية الدموية ( ارتفاع ضغط الدم , ارتفاع نسبة الكولسترول في الدم , ارتفاع نسبة الدهون في الدم , التدخين , النشاط البدني ) للمرضى الغير مصابين بداء السكري في حين تضاءلت هذه الفرو قات لدى المرضى الغير مصابين بداء السكري لجميع عوامل الخطورة فيما عدا عاملي التدخين والنشاط البدني .
تزداد عواقب عوامل الخطورة لإمراض القلب والأوعية الدموية عند الإصابة بداء السكري لدى الإناث مما هي عليه لدى الذكور وما قد ينجم عنها من مخاطر الإصابة بأمراض القلب ذات العلاقة بمرض السكري.Despite the fact that women face the lower risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than men before menopause, they have the same or higher risk if they develop diabetes.
To compare the sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among adult diabetic and non diabetic patients
Case control study. The specialized center for Endocrinology and Diabetes (SCED) and outpatient Medical-Clinic at Al–Kindy Teaching Hospital, for the period from January to December-2008. 314 diabetic patients (152 males & 162 females) and 136 of non diabetic patients (72 males &64 female) as control group. All the selected participants were adults (18 – 35) years old.
All participants were assessed for CVD risk factors, including family history, smoking status, physical activity, Body mass index, central obesity, hypertension, hypercholestremea, hyperlipidemea and uncontrolled hyperglycemia. The gender difference between men and women, in both diabetic and non diabetic patient, had been studied.
Sex difference in CVD risk factors (hypertension, hypercholestremia, hyperlipidemea, smoking and leisure physical activity) had been found to be statistically significant among non diabetic subjects. This significant difference was diminished in diabetic patients for all the risk factors but not for smoking habits and leisure physical activity habits.
The burden of conventional CVD risk factors in the presence of diabetes was greater in women than in men at baseline. Prospectively, hypertension, hypercholestremia, hyperlipidemea, contributed to diabetes-related CVD risk more in women than in men
Rancang Bangun Perangkat Lunak Penyediaan Tangan Palsu Berbasis Web Menggunakan Pendekatan Domain Driven Design dan Arsitektur Onion
No full textAmputasi bisa terjadi akibat kecelakaan atau prosedur pemotongan bagian tubuh tertentu untuk mengatasi suatu kondisi atau penyakit. Terjadinya amputasi bisa menyebabkan seseorang menjadi golongan penyandang disabilitas. Sehingga membutuhkan sebuah alat kesehatan yang didesain untuk menggantikan bagian tubuh tertentu untuk membantu pasien mendapatkan kembali fungsi tertentu setelah bagian tubuhnya atau disebut prosthesis. Salah satu bagian tubuh yang dapat dibuat prosthesis adalah tangan. Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (BAPPENAS) mengatakan penyandang disabilitas menjadi salah satu kelompok penduduk yang sangat rentan tidak produktif dan miskin sehingga harus menjadi prioritas untuk mendapatkan bantuan. Oleh karena itu, diinisiasi sebuah inovasi pembentukan ekosistem masyarakat yang ramah terhadap penyandang disabilitas melalui Gerakan Seribu Tangan Palsu melalui Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (ABMAS) Prioritas Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember. Saat ini, gerakan sudah berjalan namun semua kegiatan yang terjadi di dalamnya masih tercatat manual belum menjadi sebuah sistem yang terintegrasi. Pada tugas akhir ini akan dirancang sebuah perangkat lunak berbasis web untuk mempermudah jalannya Gerakan Seribu Tangan Palsu, baik bagi administrator, pasien, maupun semua masyarakat yang ingin ikut andil dalam gerakan sosial ini. Dalam proses perancangan perangkat lunak, dilakukan dengan pendekatan Domain Driven Design untuk memecah tiap service pada modelnya menjadi lebih sederhana dan mudah dimengerti. Dan juga penulis mengimplementasikan arsitektur onion pada perancangannya sehingga untuk proses maintenance kedepannya dapat dilakukan dengan lebih efektif dan efisien.
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Amputation can occur as a result of an accident or a procedure whereby certain body parts are cut to treat a condition or disease. The occurrence of an amputation can cause a person to become a group of people with disabilities. So it requires a medical device that is designed to replace certain body parts to help patients regain certain functions after their body parts are called prostheses. One part of the body that can be made prosthesis is hand. Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (Bappenas) said that persons with disabilities are a group of people who are very vulnerable to being unproductive and poor, so it must be a priority to get assistance. Therefore, an innovation was initiated to form a community ecosystem that is friendly to friends with disabilities through the Seribu Tangan Palsu Action through the Priority Community Service Program of the Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology. Currently, the Action is already running, but all the activities that occur in it are still recorded manually, not yet becoming an integrated system. In this final task, a web-based software will be designed to facilitate the operation of the Seribu Tangan Palsu Action, both for administrators, patients, and all members of the community who wish to take part in this social movement. In software design, a domain driven design approach is used to break down each service into a simpler and easier to understand model. And also the author implements the onion architecture in its design so that future maintenance processes can be carried out more effectively and efficiently
Desain dan Evaluasi Antarmuka Pengguna Aplikasi Web Responsif myITS Marketplace Berdasarkan Design Thinking
No full textInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) memiliki banyak sekali layanan baik untuk sivitas akademik ITS maupun untuk kalangan umum. Layanan-layanan tersebut seperti diantaranya adalah Asrama Mahasiswa, Laboratorium, ITS Training Center, UPT Bahasa dan Budaya, Medical Center, Fasilitas Olahraga, Perpustakaan, dan ITS Press. Sayangnya, seluruh layanan tersebut belum terintegrasi satu sama lain dalam satu platform yang dapat diakses secara efektif oleh baik sivitas akademik ITS maupun kalahan umum. Hal ini menyebabkan adanya kesulitan bagi baik civitas akademika ITS maupun masyarakat umum untuk memesan atau menggunakan layanan karena tidak semua layanan terintegrasi satu sama lain. Melihat kebutuhan di atas, dibuatlah aplikasi web myITS Marketplace dengan fungsi sebagai platform terintegrasi untuk mengintegrasikan seluruh layanan yang ada di ITS. Namun, pada Pada tugas Tugas Akhir ini pengembangan aplikasi myITS Marketplace berfokus pada dua layanan ITS, yaitu asrama mahasiswa dan laboratorium ITS. Aplikasi sub yang akan mewadahi dua kebutuhan tersebut adalah myITS Dorm untuk asrama mahasiswa ITS, dan myITS Pro Lab untuk laboratorium-laboratorium ITS. Baik pengguna myITS Dorm maupun pengguna myITS Pro Lab mempunyai latar belakang dan kebiasaan yang sangat bervariasi. Variasi ini sering mengakibatkan terjadinya permasalahan terhadap pengalaman pengguna. Oleh karena itu,metode untuk mencegahnya pun diperlukan. Metode yang penulis gunakan dalam pengembangan desain antarmuka aplikasi website myITS Dorm dan myITS Pro Lab adalah Design Thinking yang berfokus pada pada pengguna. Metode tersebut diharapkan dapat mengidentifikasi dan lebih memahami pengguna dalam penggunaan aplikasi, menemukan masalah yang dihadapi pengguna, serta dapat mengeksplorasi ide-ide baru dalam kreasi fitur aplikasi yang tepat dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna.
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Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) has a lot of services
for both ITS academic community and public. These services
include Student Dormitory, Laboratories, Training Center,
Language and Culture Center, Medical Center, Sports Facilities,
Libraries, and Press. Unfortunately, all these services have not been
integrated with each other in a single platform that can be accessed
effectively by both ITS academics and public. This causes
difficulties for both academic community and public to use thes
services, because not all services are integrated with each other.
Seeing the needs above, myITS Marketplace web app was created
with a function as an integrated platform for all services in ITS.
In this Final Project, the development of the myITS Marketplace
app focuses on two ITS services, namely student dormitories and
ITS laboratories. The sub applications to accommodate these two
needs are myITS Dorm for ITS student dormitories, and myITS
Pro Lab for ITS laboratories. Both myITS Dorm users and myITS
Pro Lab users have very varied backgrounds and habits. These
variations often result in problems with the user experience.
Therefore, a method to prevent it is needed. The method that the
author uses in developing myITS Dorm and myITS Pro Lab
website application interface design is Design Thinking which
focuses on the user. This method is expected to identify and better
understand users in using the application, find problems faced by
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users, and can explore new ideas in the creation of appropriate
application features and according to user needs
Assessment of Health Behaviors of a Group of Myocardial Infarction Patients Admitted To Teaching Hospitals In Erbil City
No full textBackground: Coronary arteries diseases and the ensuing myocardial infarction are among the most common causes of death in human beings in many countries around the world including Iraq. Changing health behaviors such as balancing the diet, having regular exercises, quit smoking, and stopping alcohol intake are among the solutions for preventing, caring, curing and returning the patient to the physical, mental and social status he/she had before being afflicted by the disease. The aim of this study is to assess health behaviors of MI patients after recurrent MI attack. Subject and Methods: it is a hospital based cross-sectional study, conducted in Erbil city involved three hundred patients that had recurrent MI attack. Data are collected from 1st of July 2011 to 30th of January 2012, by using questionnaire through direct interview. Statistical analysis: Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 18 was used for data entry and analysis. Results: The non smoker rate increased from 72.3% before MI to 89.7% after MI. There was little change in those that take alcohol before and after MI events (before MI 6.7%; after MI 5.3%). There was no significant change in number of those that did exercise (before MI 7.3%; after MI 9%).There was a significant change in food control behavior after MI event (11% before MI increased to 67.7% of patients that adopted a controlled food behavior after MI). And majority of patients have unhealthy body mass index. Conclusion: Results provide important new information on health behavior changes among those with chronic disease (MI) and suggest that intensive efforts are required to help initiate and maintain lifestyle improvements among this population Key words: MI, behavior, exercise, alcohol, food, BM
The good teacher from the perspective of students and teachers
No full textفي كل سنة ينضم الكثير من المعلمين والمعلمات الى سلك التعليم ، وجميعنا نعلم بان اكثرهم ليسوا جيدين. بحسب رأينا فان هذه المهنة بالذات بحاجة الى التميز والى الدافعية الداخلية الكفيلة بصنع هذه الجودة والتميز.
المعلم هو صاحب رسالة مقدسة وشريفة ، وبدونه ليس هناك تعلم ولا تثقيف ، وان المهنة التي اختارها المعلم هي مهنة اساسية ومهمة هامة في تقدم ، تطور ونجاح المجتمع بأكمله. المعلم هو الأساس، فلا تربية جيدة بدون معلم جيد. فحتى لو لم تكن المناهج جيدة عليه ان يترك اثرا جيدا وجميلا في طلابه ، على المعلم ان يمتلك قدرات ومؤهلات تختلف عن قدرات ومؤهلات الاخرين. يجب على المعلم ان يتميز بالعديد من الصفات والخصائص والمهارات ونظرا لاهمية المعلم في العملية التربوية فانه يحتاج الى اعداد خاص والى برامج تاهيلية محددة ومدروسة بعناية ، تشرف عليها مؤسسات متميزة ومتخصصة . منذ بداية الحياة كان المعلم هو معلم الاجيال ومربيها ، ولكن التطورات والتغييرات السريعة التي جرب في المجتمع ادت ايضا الى تغيير بدورالمعلم فقد كان ناقلا للمعرفة والمعولمات واصبح وسيطا لها.
هناك العديد من الابحاث التي بحثت موضوع المعلم الجيد ولكن القليل منها بحث هذا الامر من وجهة نظر الطلاب والمعلمين معا . البحث الذي امامنا يسأل : من هو المعلم الجيد من وجهة نظر الطلاب؟ ومن هو المعلم الجيد من وجهة نظر المعلمين؟ اعتمد البحث على اسلوب البحث الكمي ، وتم استخدام استمارة اخذت من مقال باللغة العبرية ، وقد ترجمت للغة العربية (من قبل الباحثة الاولى في المقال). الاستبانة مكونه من 26 بند استعملت نفسها للطلاب والمعلمين . وشملت الابعاد : الابداع وطرق التفكير ، طرق التدريس والمادة التي يعلمها ، مبادئ وقيم تتعلق بالاهتمام والمساعدة والتقدير للطلاب ، القيادة ، المشاركة والاستكمال. تم توزيع الاستمارة على في 70 طالب في السابع في مدارس اعدادية في منطقة المثلث . وعلى 70 معلم مدارس اعدادية في منطقة المثلث. وجاءت نتائج البحث بحيث انها تدعم جزئيا فرضية البحث الاولى وتبين انه لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في صفات المعلم الجيد حسب وجهة نظر الطلاب تعزى للجندر باستثاء الثفة " الابداع وطرق التفكير".
وكذلك فأنها تضحد فرضية البحث الثانية ، وتبين انه لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في صفات المعلم الجيد حسب وجهة نظر المعلمين تعزى للجندر. فانها تدحض ايضا فرضية البحث الثالثة وتبين انه لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في صفات المعلم الجيد حسب وجهة نظر المعلمين تعزى للجيل Many teachers join the education system every year, and as we know most ofthem are not good enough. However, the profession of teaching needs qualifiedpeople who have the internal motivation in order to reach the required qualityand excellence.Teachers have a sacred and honest message, and without them, there is neitherlearning nor education, so they are the basis of the whole process. The professionthey have chosen is fundamental and important in the progress of developmentand success of the entire society.Teachers are supposed to leave a good and beautiful impact on their studentsalthough the curriculum is not good enough. They must have abilities,qualifications, characteristics and skills that differentiate them from others.Because of the importance of teachers in the educational process, they needspecial preparation and specific rehabilitation programs that are carefully studiedand supervised by specialized institutions. Previously, teachers were responsibleof teaching the generations, but the rapid developments and changes that thesociety witnesses have also changed the role of the teacher. Therefore, teachershave become a mere mediator to transfer knowledge and information to theirstudents.However, there are several studies that have investigated the topic of the goodteacher; few of them have studied it from the perspective of both students andteachers. The research questions are: (a) who is the good teacher from thestudents' perspective? and (b) who is the good teacher from the teachers’perspective?The study has adopted the quantitative approach. It has used a questionnaire thathas been used in an article in the Hebrew language and it is translated into Arabic by the first author of the article. The questionnaire has 26 paragraphs that wereused for students and teachers. They focus on the aspects of creativity andthinking styles, methods of teaching and the subject they teach, principles andvalues related to the attention and assistance and appreciation of students,leadership, participation and completion. The questionnaire was answered by 70students in the seventh grade in junior schools in the triangle area and 70 teachersin junior schools in the same area.The results of the study partially supported the first hypothesis and indicated thatthere are no significant differences in the characteristics of the good teacher fromthe students’ perspective attributed to gender except the title of "creativity andthinking styles."There are no significant differences in the qualities of the good teacher from theteachers’ perspective attributed to gender, so the second hypothesis was notconfirmed. The third hypothesis was also not verified because the resultsindicated that there are no significant differences in the qualities of the goodteacher from the teachers’ perspective attributed to ag
