355 research outputs found
Impacts of Ta Buffer Layer and Cu-Ge-Te Composition on the Reliability of GeSe-Based CBRAM
No full textsponsorship: This work was supported by imec's Core Partner Industrial Affiliation Program on Emerging Memories. The review of this article was arranged by Editor P. Du. (Corresponding author: Janaki Radhakrishnan.) (imec's Core Partner Industrial Affiliation Program on Emerging Memories)status: Publishe
Efficacy of sugarcane bagasse to produce bacterial biofilm in water for fish culture
No full textThe present study has been conducted to understand the efficacy of sugarcane bagasse to produce bacterial biofilm in water. The study period was 90 days. Total Plate count (TPC) in water and substrate was estimated on nutrient agar at room temperature by spread plate method. The TPC in water was the highest (2.10 x 104 ml–1) after 45 days. The average TPC of bacteria on bagasse varied from 140.0 (15d) to 30.25 (90d) x104·g–1. The present study demonstrates that the sugarcane bagasse can produce more bacteria in water thereby the fish can effectively utilize biofilm grown on sugarcane bagasse and provision of a substrate reduces the need for artificial feed.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Efficacy of sugarcane bagasse to produce bacterial biofilm in water for fish culture M.V. Radhakrishnan and E.SugumaranDepartment of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar – 608 002, Tamilnadu, India *Corresponding Author, Email: [email protected] Cite This Article As: M.V. Radhakrishnan, E. Sugumaran. 2010. Efficacy of sugarcane bagasse to produce bacterial biofilm in water for fish culture. J. Ecobiotechnol. 2(2):41-44
Baclofen-induced neurotoxicity in a patient with end-stage renal disease
No full textBaclofen, predominantly excreted by the kidneys is accumulated in patients with renal insufficiency leading to the central nervous system toxicity. Here the author reports a patient with end-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) who developed drowsiness and became unresponsive within a day after taking single 10 mg dose of baclofen. Patient improved completely after two sessions of HD
Microbially synthesized nanoparticles: aspect in plant disease management
No full textNanotechnology plays a critical role in agriculture and its associated management strategies. The emergence of plant pathogens (phytopathogens) across various crops has posed a threat to global food production, food security, and food safety. The existing control techniques, such as chemical application of pesticides and insecticides, have become outdated due to their drawbacks. Such methods for plant disease control come with the added disadvantage of threat to natural microflora and fauna along with imparting toxicity to the environment. This in turn causes risk to human health. Therefore researchers have been looking for safer alternatives that are equally or more efficient and effective in dealing with phytopathogens along with possessing least amount of toxicity. The generation of nanoparticles (NPs) and its application in plant disease management has intrigued researchers and therefore has revealed an altogether new dimension for the purpose. NP-mediated disease management strategies have proven to be highly proficient and have been explored for a wide range of plant diseases. However, the NPs derived through chemical and physical methods such as electroreduction, use of reagents for reduction/oxidation of metals, may impart toxicity and also cause environmental hazard. Therefore the synthesis of NPs from microbes, known as green synthesis, is far safer in terms of toxicity. The following chapter elucidates the various bacterial and fungal-derived NPs, their characteristic features, and the associated mechanism for protection against plant pathogens
A monolithically integrated power JFET and Junction Barrier Schottky diode in 4H silicon carbide
No full textEfficiency of power management circuits depends significantly on their constituent switches and rectifiers. The demands of technology are increasingly running up against the intrinsic properties of Si based power devices. 4H-Silicon Carbide (SiC) has superior properties that make it attractive for high power applications. SiC rectifiers are already a competitive choice and SiC switches have also been commercialized recently. Junction Barrier Schottky (JBS) diodes, which combine the advantages of PN and Schottky, have higher Figure of Merit (FOM) as rectifiers. Among switches, a robust and mature process has been developed for Silicon Carbide Vertical Junction Field Effect Transistors (VJFETs), which currently gives it the highest unipolar FOM. Switches are frequently combined with anti-parallel diodes in power circuits. This thesis describes the development of a SiC-based monolithically integrated power switch and diode. Monolithic integration increases reliability and efficiency, and reduces cost. Because of their superior properties and similarities in fabrication, we chose the SiC VJFET and JBS diode as the switch and rectifier. Detailed design, fabrication and characterization of the integrated switch to block above 800 V and conduct current beyond 100 A/cm2 is explained. In this process, the first physics-based 2-D compact model is developed for reverse leakage in a JBS diode as a function of design parameters. Since the gate-channel junctions of SiC VJFETs cannot be assumed to be abrupt, an existing analytical model for Si VJFETs is extended to account for graded gate-channel junctions. Using these analytical models, design rules are developed for the VJFET and JBS diode. Finite element simulations are used to find the best anode layout of the JBS diode and optimize electric field termination in the integrated device to ensure their capability to operate at high voltage. Finally, a spin-on glass based process is developed for filling the gate trenches of the VJFET to improve long-term robustness in extreme environments. The integrated power switch developed in this thesis points to the attractions of monolithic integration in SiC power circuits. Analytical compact design equations derived here will facilitate faster and easier design of switches and rectifiers for desired circuit operation.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Rahul Radhakrishna
Microbes and fish diseases
No full textThe relationship between microorganisms and fish can be either mutualistic or pathogenic. In the majority of cases, fish diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria are among the most prevalent epidemics in the aquaculture industry. These bacterial infections are often associated with primary and secondary infections, caused postinfectivity by parasites or fungus. Bacterial diseases can cause significant production losses and economic devastation to an industry. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of their interrelationship and stress-related environmental factors is crucial for effective disease prevention and control. This book chapter depicts the importance of microbes, bacteria-related diseases in various water bodies, as well as the potential contribution of microbes to the aquaculture industry. Alternative disease prevention and control strategies such as immunostimulants, vaccines, RNA, and phage therapies, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), phytotherapeutical compounds, as well as pre-, pro-, and postbiotics have been discussed to address fish disease issues. With the rapid development of technology, products, and techniques, the identification of the causative agents and the development of new therapies are no longer strenuous tasks. Despite these advancements, farm or facility biosecurity followed by good aquaculture practices are still considered effective prevention options than the cure
The JRP statistical programs for high speed IBM digital computers [by] B. K. Radhakrishnan and Nils B. Mattsson, with the assistance of Norman A. Starr.
No full texthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/7195/5/abv5851.0001.001.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/7195/4/abv5851.0001.001.tx
SYNGAS FROM BIOMASS GASIFICATION AS FUEL FOR GENERATOR
No full textThe emergence of biomass based energy warrants the evaluation of syngas from biomass gasification as a fuel for personal power systems. The objectives of this study were to determine the performance and exhaust emissions of a commercial 5.5 kW generator modified for operation with 100% syngas at different syngas flows and to compare the results with those obtained for gasoline operation at same electrical power. Maximum power output for gasoline operation was 2451 W and maximum power output for syngas operation was 1392 W. Overall efficiencies of the generator were same at maximum electrical power outputs for operation with both the fuels. At four different electrical power output categories, the exhaust concentrations of carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen were significantly lower while the carbon dioxide emissions were significantly higher for the syngas operation. The unit cost of electricity generation was 0.56/kWh for gasoline operation
Clinical pathological and epidemiological study of triple negative breast cancer
No full textBackground: Worldwide breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life threatening cancer in women and a leading cause of cancer death among women. In Kerala, India around 30% of cancer-affected women have carcinoma breast. Breast carcinomas which do not express estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/neu) receptors are known as triple negative breast carcinomas (TNBC). They are extremely aggressive with poor prognosis. Here the authors described the clinical pathological and epidemiological characters of triple negative breast carcinomas in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, India and compare with non-TNBC.Methods: It was a cross sectional comparative study. Clinical, pathological and epidemiological characteristics of 75 cases of TNBC were compared with that of 225 cases of non-TNBC presented in Department of General Surgery, Government medical college, Kozhikode, Kerala, India between a period from March 2014 to October 2015 (20 months). Patients were recruited after obtaining an informed consent. ER, PR, HER-2/neu status were determined by immunohistochemical staining. Data obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS software.Results: Triple negative breast carcinoma was significantly associated with a younger age (mean age 43.67 years), early age of menarche. Commonly seen in premenopausal age group (78.7%). Patients with the triple-negative carcinoma had relatively large tumors (mean size 4.45cm compared to 3.14cm) and a high rate of node positivity (86.67%). More advanced stage at diagnosis with high grade tumor characteristics. Most common histopathology was invasive ductal carcinoma (98.7%) but no statistical difference was noted with non-TNBC.Conclusions: No significant difference was noted between TNBC and non TNBC on comparing family history, parity, age at 1st child birth, OCP use. The outcome of the disease following treatment was unable to study due to short time frame of the study.</jats:p
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