1,721,504 research outputs found
Underwater Mediterranean image analysis based on the compute continuum paradigm
No full text14 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables.-- Data availability: Data will be made available on request: Francescangeli, Marco; Aguzzi, Jacopo; Marini, Simone; Martínez, Enoc; Nogueras, Marc; Toma, Daniel M.; Carandell, Matias; Masmitja, Ivan; Sarriá, David; García-Benadí, Albert; Cadena, Javier; Bghiel, Ikram; Artero Delgado, Carlota; Vidal, Neus; Gomáriz, Spartacus; Olivé Duran, Joaquim; Santamaria, Pep; Mànuel-Làzaro, Antoni; Río, Joaquín del; 2022; Underwater camera photos with manual tagging of fish species at OBSEA seafloor observatory from 2013 to 2014 [Dataset]; PANGAEA; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.946149Human activity depends on the oceans for food, transportation, leisure, and many more purposes. Oceans cover 70% of the Earth’s surface, but most of them are unknown to humankind. This is the reason why underwater imaging is a valuable resource asset to Marine Science. Images are acquired with observing systems, e.g. autonomous underwater vehicles or underwater observatories, that presently transmit all the raw data to land stations. However, the transfer of such an amount of data could be challenging, considering the limited power supply and transmission bandwidth of these systems. In this paper, we discuss these aspects, and in particular how it is possible to couple Edge and Cloud computing for effective management of the full processing pipeline according to the Compute Continuum paradigmThis work was partially funded by the European Union - NextGenerationEU and by the Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNNR), Mission 4, Component 2, Investment 1.5, project “RAISE - Robotics and AI for Socio-economic Empowerment” - (ECS00000035); The co-author Simone Marini is part of the critical mass of the RAISE Innovation Ecosystem.
It is also funded by the Project “National Biodiversity Future Center - NBFC” funded under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNNR), Mission 4 Component 2 Investment 1.4 - Call for tender No. 3138 of 16 December 2021, rectified by Decree n.3175 of 18 December 2021 of Italian Ministry of University and Research funded by the European Union – NextGenerationEU; Project code CN_00000033, Concession Decree No. 1034 of 17 June 2022 adopted by the Italian Ministry of University and Research, CUP D33C22000960007.
The research was also supported by the ICM-CSIC “Severo Ochoa Centre Excellence” (CEX2019-000928-S) and the Research Unit Tecnoterra (ICM-CSIC/UPC) . Funds were also from DIGI4ECO (grant number 101112883 - GAP-101112883)Peer reviewe
DEEP-SEA ROBOTICS AND ICY MOONS - The Synergies of Exploring Deep-sea Ecosystems and Icy Moons
No full textDuring recent years, terrestrial and extraterrestrial ocean research have increasingly joined forces to merge expertise and technical solutions in the exploration of marine systems on Earth and in space. This includes solutions for robotic applications, autonomy and sensor integration, as well as data analysis.
These synergies in biomimetic design, platform artificial intelligence (AI) and life-tracing sensor packages will be applied to the monitoring and surveillance of environmentally delicate habitats on Earth such as cold-water coral reefs or fishing grounds, as well as decommissioning sites. Thus, marine scientific and industrial offshore infrastructures may provide innovative test-bed services for robotics and sensor development
The next expansion of NEMO-SN1, EMSO node, by video imaging equipment for the monitoring of the local deep-sea communities
No full textAguzzi, Jacopo... et. al.-- European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observatory Conference Ocean Observatories Challenges and Progress (EMSO Conference OOCP), Scientific ideas, early results and infrastructure development, 13-15 November 2013, Rome.-- 1 pageNEMO-SN1 is the cabled node in the Western Ionian Sea of EMSO Research Infrastructure (European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory; www.emso-eu.org). EMSO is aimed at establishing, implementing and operating ocean observatories from the Arctic, the Atlantic Ocean and to the Mediterranean, for long-term observations and studies of geo-hazards, climate change and marine ecosystems. In this scenario, we describe the next implementation of the NEMO-SN1 node within the framework of the CREEP-2 project, led by the Rock & Ice Physics Laboratory at University College London) and funded by NERC. A video-camera system will be deployed at 2100 m depth, with the major objective of monitoring the local benthic community and its temporal changes at high frequency over a very large period of time. Briefly, the camera system (Luxus Colour Zoom) will be installed onto the frame of a multi-sample rock deformation apparatus, assembled for geophysical experiments devoted to the monitoring of ultra-long-term brittle creep in crustal rocks (including acoustic emission output as a proxy for crustal seismicity). Here, we will describe the system architecture in terms of hardware equipment and software requirements, considering the needs of time-lapse video image acquisition for the high frequency monitoring of the community. The use of that video-imaging will be discussed in relation to potential ecological research scenarios related to the behaviourally sustained benthopelagic coupling, the study of which is of relevance to understand the dynamism of deep-sea communitiesPeer Reviewe
Fluid and adaptive networks of fixed and mobile robotic platforms for the monitoring of deep-sea ecosystems
No full textAguzzi, Jacopo ... et al.-- 4th International Symposium on the Effects of Climate Change on the World’s Oceans (ECCWO), 4-8 June 2018, Washington, DC.-- 1 pageGeophysical cycles in light intensity, photoperiod and internal tides impose a strict synchronization of species behavior through natural selection. As a result, massive populational displacements occur across pelagic and continental margin environments, directly affecting our perception of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. To comply with the capacity of monitoring of biological indicators as proxy of ecosystem functioning the development new methodologies for sampling the composition of communities in relation to species’ rhythmic activity and its environmental control is of pivotal relevance. In this scenario, different activities are being executed within the framework of the EU MarTERA ERA-Net project ARIM (Autonomous robotic sea-floor infrastructure for benthopelagic monitoring). In order to increase spatial coverage and allow for strategic and adaptive changes in monitoring, fixed cabled observatories, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and benthic robots (crawlers) will be used for a time-coordinated monitoring via platform communication. Networks of fixed and mobile video cameras will deliver fluctuations in counted individuals (as proxy of a populations’ rhythms) to be linked with the surrounding habitat conditionings (i.e. via a concomitant acquisition of different oceanographic, chemical, and geological data). This multi-parametric monitoring is a challenge to be overcome, in order to have standardized protocols for the acquisition and automation of data processing regarding species composition (i.e. richness), relative abundances (i.e. evenness), as well as food web structure. Obtained data are of relevance since could be extended as reference for impact monitoring in industrial sectorsPeer Reviewe
The faunistic, ethological, and ecological cabled observatory video monitoring of marine communities everywhere
No full textAguzzi, Jacopo... et. al.-- European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observatory Conference Ocean Observatories Challenges and Progress (EMSO Conference OOCP), Scientific ideas, early results and infrastructure development, 13-15 November 2013, Rome.-- 1 pageImportant constraints in sampling repeatability at statistically relevant frequencies are still limiting the progress of marine ecology. Within the framework of novel cabled observatory science, it is now possible to study and monitor the fauna of geologically different ecosystems at any depth of the continental margin, including the abyssal plains, at sampling frequencies and over temporal durations never attained before (i.e. from seconds to decades). New multiparametric platforms endowed with video cameras that are being progressively installed in different oceans, can be used not only for a broad faunal characterization, but also to quantify the massive three-dimensional displacements of marine populations in response to cyclic oceanographic, chemical, and geologic fluctuations (also measured in a multiparametric fashion). Here, we will review how time-lapse image/footage acquisition and automated video-imaging protocols for animal classification and counting could be implemented to transform video-cameras into one of the first intelligent marine sensors for the remote, autonomous and continuous monitoring of communities in relation to their diel (i.e. inertial, internal-tidal or day-night), seasonal, and inter-annual cycles of functioning. We will also discuss the possibility to study the responses of benthic species to other and more stochastic habitat changes (e.g. those linked to the meteorology), through the measurement of modifications in water column properties by observatory vertical expansions. Studies of this kind may allow an efficient modelling of marine community modifications in spite of global change scenarios, based on alterations of the benthopelagic coupling equilibriumPeer Reviewe
Labeled Images at OBSEA for Object Detection Algorithms (v.4) [Dataset]
No full textImages from OBSEA underwater cameras labeled with marine species to train AI-based Object Detection algorithmsThe research has been carried out within the framework of the project “Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence” financially supported by ICM-CSIC (CEX2019-000928-S) and the Research Unit Tecnoterra (ICM-CSIC/UPC) of the Spanish Government. This work was supported by the European Union under the Horizon Europe grant 101058625Peer reviewe
Ritmos biológicos en la cigala (Nephrops norvegicus L.): modulación ecológica y bases genéticas
No full textMemoria de tesis doctoral presentada por Valerio Sbragaglia para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias del Mar por la Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya (UPC), realizada bajo la dirección del Dr. Jacopo Aguzzi del Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC).-- 99 pages[EN] Nephrops norvegicus is an important fishery resource for Europe. Its rhythmic burrowing behavior is strictly related to catchability. Here I studied such behavior under laboratory conditions. I investigated the combined effect of light and current cycles demonstrating that tidal current is an important parameter to take in account in fishery management plan not only for Nephrops. Then I used a transcriptomics and RT-qPCR approach on cDNA extracted from the eyestalk to elucidate the putative molecular genetics mechanisms underlying circadian gene regulation. My data are in accordance with the current knowledge of the crustacean circadian clock, reinforcing the idea that the molecular clockwork of this group shows some differences with the established model in Drosophila melanogaster. Finally, I studied the burrow emergence behavior in group of 4 lobsters organized in dominance hierarchy demonstrating that lower ranks are more vulnerable to trawling. I hypothesized common neural mechanisms for agonistic and non-agonistic behaviors[ES] Nephrops norvegicus es un importante recurso pesquero. La emergencia rítmica de la madriguera afecta las capturas. He estudiado dicho comportamiento en laboratorio investigando el efecto de ciclos lumínicos y de corrientes demostrando que las mareas es un factor importante para gestionar el estado del recurso. Mediante técnica de secuenciación masiva y PCR en tiempo real sobre cDNA procedente del pedúnculo ocular he elucidado el presunto mecanismo molecular detrás de la regulación circadiana. Los resultados están de acuerdo con el conocimiento actual de relojes biológicos en crustáceos, reforzando la idea que la maquinaria molecular de este grupo muestra algunas diferencias respecto el modelo consolidado de Drosophila melanogaster. Finalmente, he estudiado el comportamiento de emergencia en grupos de 4 cigalas organizadas en una jerarquía de dominancia demostrando que los rangos más bajos son más vulnerables a ser capturados. Además he supuesto la existencia de mecanismos neuronales comunes entre comportamiento agonístico y non agonísticoThe author has been financed by a FPI pre-doctoral grant from august 2011 to July 2015 (BES-2011-045187). The research presented in this thesis was carried out in the framework of the project RITFIM (CTM2010-16274)Peer Reviewe
Coastal observatories for monitoring of fish behaviour and their responses to environmental changes
No full textAguzzi, Jacopo ... et. al.-- 21 pages, 7 figures, 1 tableThe inclusion of behavioral components in the analysis of a community can be of paramount importance in marine ecology. Diel (i.e., 24-h based), seasonal activity rhythms, or longer durational in behavioral responses can result in shifts in populations, and therefore on measurable abundances. Here, we review the value of developing cabled video observatory technology for the remote, long-term, and high-frequency monitoring of fish and their environments in coastal temperate areas. We provide details on the methodological requirements and constraints for the appropriate measurement of fish behavior over various seasonal scales (24 h, seasonal, annual) with camera systems mounted at fixed observatory locations. We highlight the importance of using marine sensors to simultaneously collect relevant environmental data in parallel to image data acquisition. Here we present multiparametric video, oceanographic, and meteorological data collected from the Mediterranean observatory platform, OBSEA (www.obsea.es; 20 m water depth). These data are reviewed in relation to ongoing and future developments of cabled observatory science. Two key approaches for the future improvement of cabled observatory technology are: (1) the application of Artificial Intelligence to aid in the analysis of increasingly large, complex, and highly interrelated biological and environmental data sets, and (2) the development of geographical observational networks to enable the reliable spatial analysis of observed populations over extended distances. © 2015, Springer International Publishing SwitzerlandThis research was funded by RITFIM (CTM2010-16274) and European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observation (EMSO Preparatory Phase-FP7 Infrastructures-2007-1, Proposal 211816). Researchers from CSIC-UPC are members of the Associated Unit Tecnoterra. The paper was also partially funded by the Helmholtz Alliance ‘‘Robotic Exploration of Extreme Environments (ROBEX)’’ project. I.A. Catalán was partially supported by REC2 from the Spanish Government, CTM2011-23835Peer Reviewe
Marine Robotics for Deep-Sea Specimen Collection: A Systematic Review of Underwater Grippers
No full texthe collection of delicate deep-sea specimens of biological interest with remotely operated vehicle (ROV) industrial grippers and tools is a long and expensive procedure. Industrial grippers were originally designed for heavy manipulation tasks, while sampling specimens requires dexterity and precision. We describe the grippers and tools commonly used in underwater sampling for scientific purposes, systematically review the state of the art of research in underwater gripping technologies, and identify design trends. We discuss the possibility of executing typical manipulations of sampling procedures with commonly used grippers and research prototypes. Our results indicate that commonly used grippers ensure that the basic actions either of gripping or caging are possible, and their functionality is extended by holding proper tools. Moreover, the approach of the research status seems to have changed its focus in recent years: from the demonstration of the validity of a specific technology (actuation, transmission, sensing) for marine applications, to the solution of specific needs of underwater manipulation. Finally, we summarize the environmental and operational requirements that should be considered in the design of an underwater gripper
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