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Effects on the bones of nandrolone decanoate therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis [Effetti ossei della terapia con nandrolone decanoato nella osteoporosi postmenopausale]
No full textIn many patients with involutional osteoporosis, anabolic steroids may produce a rapid subjective improvement and pronounced reduction of complaints. In animal experiments it has been demonstrated that anabolic steroids can also have objective effect on bone tissue. Twenty postmenopausal osteoporotic patients have been randomly assigned to two different treatments: 10 patients were treated with 50 mg i.m. of nandrolone decanoate every 3 weeks for 12 months; 10 patients were treated with placebo. Both groups received an oral calcium supplement (1 g/day). Bone mineral content (BMC) was measured by dual photon absorptiometry before and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Plasma alkaline phosphatase (A.Ph.) and urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (HOP) were measured at the same times. Intestinal calcium absorption was measured by the 47Ca oral test before and after treatment. In 4 patients of both groups a transiliac bone biopsy was performed before and after treatment. After 1 year there was a significant increase in the BMC of the lumbar spine in the group receiving calcium plus nandrolone decanoate. A progressive but not significant increase of A.Ph. was observed in the group treated with nandrolone decanoate. Radiocalcium absorption significantly increased in nandrolone treated patients. The histomorphometric study of bone demonstrated a significant increases in trabecular bone volume and in active osteoid surfaces in patients treated with nandrolone decanoate. Because the plasma A.Ph. tendes to increase with no change in bone resorption (as measured by urinary HOP) and the active osteoid surfaces significantly augment, we conclude that nandrolone therapy increases the bone formation rate
Effects of nandrolone decanoate therapy on bone mass and calcium metabolism in women with established post-menopausal osteoporosis: a double-blind placebo-controlled study
No full textIn many patients with involutional osteoporosis anabolic steroids may produce a rapid subjective improvement and a pronounced reduction in the frequency of complaints. Animal experiments have demonstrated that anabolic steroids can also have an objective effect on bone tissue. Twenty (20) post-menopausal osteoporotic patients were randomly assigned to 2 different treatment regimens; 10 patients were treated with 50 mg i.m. of nandrolone decanoate (ND) every 3 wk for 12 mth and 10 patients were treated with a placebo. Both groups also received an oral calcium supplement (1 g/day). Bone mineral content (BMC) was measured by dual photon absorptiometry before and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 mth of treatment. Plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and urinary hydroxyproline excretion were measured at the same time. Intestinal calcium absorption was measured by the 47Ca oral test before and after treatment. A transiliac bone biopsy was performed before and after treatment in 4 patients in each group. After 1 yr there was a significant increase in lumbar spine BMC in the group receiving calcium plus ND. A progressive increase in plasma ALP was also observed in the group treated with ND but this was not significant, whereas radiocalcium absorption did increase significantly in this group. Histomorphometric study of bone samples demonstrated a significant increase in trabecular bone volume (TBV) and in active osteoid surface area in the patients treated with ND. Because plasma ALP tends to increase when a small decrease in bone resorption occurs (as measured by urinary hydroxyproline excretion) and the active osteoid surfaces also significant augment, we concluded that ND therapy increases the bone formation rate through inhibition of bone resorption. This interpretation could explain the considerable increase in lumbar spine BMC and the significant increase in TBV observed in patients treated with N
Calcitonin gene-related peptide stimulates secretion of atrial natriuretic factor in man
No full textProve farmacodinamiche per la valutazione dose/effetto della calcitonina di salmone per via endonasale
No full textBiological activity of different calcitonins in men
No full textCalcitonin has been isolated and its structure defined from several species, including man. Synthetic preparations of several calcitonins are available for clinical use. Of these, porcine (pCT), human (hCT), and salmon (sCT) have been synthetized according to their natural sequences, while eel calcitonin (cCT) is available as amino-suberic acid derivative (ASU-eCT). The different molecular configuration results in different biological potency and tolerability. Currently, the potency of calcitonin in man is evaluated by its capacity of lowering serum calcium and stimulating cAMP plasma levels after acute infusion. In normal subjects, cAMP stimulation seems to be a more sensitive test, since plasma calcium in normal subjects is poorly affected by an acute treatment with calcitonin. On the other hand, the side effects are usually assessed by clinical observation, on the basis of duration and intensity of the symptoms. Our experience, emerging from several studies devoted to comparing the biological activity and tolerability of different calcitonin preparations in humans, indicates that the hypocalcemic effect and the increase of plasma cAMP are produced by all peptides, according to the potency order sCT greater than hCT greater than ASU-eCT. For all peptides, the most constant side effect is flushing, and the frequency order of side effects is hCT greater than sCT = ASU-eC
An effective regimen of intranasal salmon calcitonin in early postmenopausal bone loss
No full textIn order to devise a convenient and effective therapeutic regimen of intranasal salmon calcitonin (sCT) for the treatment of early postmenopausal bone loss, we studied the effects of a 1-year course of sCT nasal spray on vertebral mineral content (VMC), assessed by dual photon densitometry, and bone turnover in 21 early postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Subjects enrolled in the study had a value above the normal average of at least one index of bone turnover: whole body retention (WBR) of 99mTc-methylene-dichloro-bisphosphonate (99mTc-MDP), serum bone gla protein (BGP), urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine excretion (HOP/Cr). After baseline evaluation, patients were randomized for treatment with either sCT (200 IU every other day) or placebo. Treatment with sCT significantly increased VMC by 2.7 +/- 0.9% at 6 months, and 3.3 +/- 0.8% at 1 year, whereas a progressive decline was observed in the placebo group (-2.6 +/- 0.5%, and -3.5 +/- 0.5% after 6 and 12 months, respectively). These changes were associated with a progressive and significant reduction of all parameters of bone turnover in the sCT-treated patients, whereas no changes were detected in the control group during the study period. The differences between the two groups were significant after 1 year for VMC, BGP, and WBR (P less than 0.05, one-way analysis of variance). Thus, 200 IU intranasal sCT administered on alternate days is adequate to stop the fast bone loss occurring early after the menopause in women with high bone turnover rates. This therapeutical modality represents an important addition to the available pharmacologic spectrum for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis
Correlation between biochemical and biophysical indexes of bone turnover in postmenopausal osteoporosis
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