11 research outputs found
Impact of Community Service Learning on the Social Skills of Students
No full textRecently, many high schools and universities have promoted community service learning program by making it part of the admission process; therefore, students participate in community service learning program to get admission in an institution of their choice. Moreover, after completing the community service program, they see themselves as more socially responsible citizens. This qualitative study aimed to explore the impact of community service learning on the social skills of students. The study employed a qualitative method by randomly selecting twenty five male and female students for focused group interviews from five different O- level schools situated in a middle socio-economic locality. The results revealed that community service learning program has a positive impact on the social skills of O-level students. Besides, students had also a positive learning experience. The findings of the study indicated that the awareness to encourage community service in schools is grounded on the acceptance that it does not only give students extra credit points, but serving others or one’s own community also makes them better citizens. Based on the advantages and positive experiences of students, the study recommends to include a more inclusive model of service learning in school curriculum
Impact of Community Service Learning on the Social Skills of Students
No full textNowadays many high schools and universities are promoting community service-learning program by making it a part of the admission process; therefore, students participate in community service learning program to get admission in an institution of their choice. However, after completing the community service program, they see themselves as more socially responsible citizens. This qualitative study aimed to explore the impact of community service learning on the social skills of students. The study employed a qualitative method by randomly selecting twenty-five students for the focused group interviews from five different O- level schools situated in middle socio-economic locality. The results revealed that a community service-learning program has a positive impact on the social skills of O-level students. Besides, students had also a positive learning experience. Findings of the study indicated that the awareness to encourage community service in schools is grounded on the acceptance that it does not only give students extra credit points but serving others or one’s community also makes them better citizens. Based on the advantages and positive experiences of students, the study recommends to include a more inclusive model of service-learning to a school curriculum.
Maternidade lésbica: uma análise comparativa das abordagens nas mídias alternativa e tradicional
No full textEste trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar reportagens sobre maternidade lésbica na mídia alternativa e tradicional para compreender se há diferença em suas abordagens. Os objetos de estudo escolhidos foram a Revista AzMina e os jornais El País e Estadão. Para compreender como se existe contraste entre as reportagens analisadas, é utilizada a metodologia da análise de discurso (ORLANDI, 2001; CHARAUDEAU, 2008), com o apoio de trechos das matérias selecionadas. O referencial teórico desta monografia inclui, entre outras, obras de Toscano e Goldenberg (1992), Alves e Pitanguy (1991) e Telles (1999), que ajudam a compreender o contexto histórico e o surgimento do feminismo no mundo e no Brasil; Falquet (2006), Sarmet (2018) e hooks (2018), que abordam o feminismo lésbico e a importância da visibilidade dessas mulheres; Buitoni (1990, 2009), Cardoso (2004) e Berger e Hauser (2015), que discorrem sobre o surgimento da imprensa feminina e feminista no Brasil; além de Orlandi (2001) e Charaudeau (2008), que explicam a metodologia da análise de discurso e suas aplicações para as análises deste trabalho. A autora conclui que existem abordagens diferentes em mídia alternativa e mídia tradicional, com base no discurso, no espaço e nas editorias em que as reportagens analisadas estão alocadas nos veículos de comunicação escolhidos.This paper aims to analyse reports about lesbian maternity in the traditional and alternative medias to see if there are differences in their approaches to it. The objects of study chosen were AzMina magazine and the newspapers El País and Estadão. To comprehend how and if there is contrast between such reports the speech analysis (ORLANDI, 2001; CHARAUDEAU, 2008) is used, with the support of excerpts from the selected reports. The theoretical framework of this final paper includes works such as Toscano and Goldenberg (1992), Alves and Pitanguy (1991) and Telles (1999) among others, which help us understand the historical context and emergence of feminism in Brazil and worldwide; Falquet (2006), Sarmet (2018), and hooks (2018), which discuss the lesbian feminism and the importance of visibility for such women; Buitoni (1990, 2009), Cardoso (2004), and Berger and Hauser (2015) which deal with the emergence of women’s press and feminist press in Brazil; in addition to Orlandi (2001) and Charaudeau (2008), which explain the speech analysis methodology and its applications for this research. It was concluded by the author that there are different approaches by traditional and alternative medias, based on speech, space and editorial in which the report is placed in the selected media
Validation of the recent life changes questionnaire (RLCQ) for stress measurement among adults residing in urban communities in Pakistan
No full textBackground: Recent Life Changes Questionnaire (RLCQ) developed by Richard Rahe has enabled quantification of stress by analyzing life events. The overall aim of the study was to create a reliable version of the Rahe\u27s RLCQ for measuring stress in individuals living in developing countries and assess its validity. This paper discusses criterion validation of the adapted RLCQ in urban communities in Pakistan.Methods: This is a criterion validation study. Four urban communities of Karachi, Pakistan were selected for the study in which households were randomly chosen. Two data collectors were assigned to administer the adapted RLCQ to eligible participants after obtaining written informed consent. Following this interaction, two psychologists interviewed the same participants with a diagnostic gold standard of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) which is utilized in usual practice within Pakistan to confirm the presence of stress related mental disorders such as Depression, Anxiety, Dysthymia, Suicide, Phobia, OCD, Panic Disorder, PTSD, Drug abuse and dependence, Alcohol abuse and dependence, Eating Disorders and Antisocial Personality Disorder to validate the accuracy of the adapted RLCQ. We generated the ROC curves for the adapted RLCQ with suggested cut-offs, and analyzed the sensitivity and specificity of the adapted RLCQ.Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety was 0.64, where sensitivity was 66%, specificity was 56% and the corresponding cut off from the adapted RLCQ was 750. Individuals scoring ≥750 were classified as high stress and vice versa. In contrast, the area under the ROC curve for serious mental disorder and adverse outcomes such as suicide, bipolar and dysthymia was 0.75, where sensitivity was 72% and specificity was 60% at the cut off of 800 on the adapted RLCQ. Individuals scoring ≥800 were classified as high stress and vice versa. The rate of agreement between the two psychologists was 94.32% (Kappa = 0.84).Conclusion: The adapted and validated RLCQ characterizes common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety with moderate accuracy and severe mental disorders such as suicide, bipolar and dysthymia with high accuracy
Hygiène, diététique et médecine dans les calendriers agricoles arabes
No full textHygiene, dietetics and medicine in arab agricultural calendars.
The author studied nine arab agricultural calendars placed at intervals between the Kitab al-Azmina or the Book of seasons by Jean Mésué (IXth c.) and a tunisian calendar of the XIXth c. of andalusian origin (?). There is a clear relationship between these different calendars, all of them issued from an archetype lost today, which would have been a mixture of basic principles and traditions of different origins. One could no longer identify today with certainty but one could discern its preislamic tradition (the calendar system of the anwâ'), babylonian tradition (the predictions extracted from astronomic, météorologie or geologic events) and a greek tradition (the influence of the humoral theory) .
In matter of dietetic, these calendars real authentic almanachs do nothing but reproduce the hippocratic prescriptions. In matter of hygiene, they specify seasons for physical exercices, bath as well as the perfumes to make use of.
Otherwise these almanachs mention the most usual affections and the liable means to cure, or better, to prevent them. Are recommanded différents electuaries including the theriac, trochics, eyewashes and other medications.L' auteur a examiné neuf calendriers agricoles arabes, échelonnés entre le Livre des Temps de Jean Mésué (IXe s.) et un calendrier tunisien du XIXe s., d'origine andalouse (?).
D existe une parenté certaine entre ces divers calendriers : tous descendent d'un archétype, aujourd'hui perdu, qui aurait été un amalgame de données et traditions d'origines diverses que l'on ne saurait plus maintenant identifier avec certitude, mais où l'on peut cependant discerner une tradition préislamique (le système calendaire des anwâ'), une tradition babylonienne (les prédictions tirées d'événements astronomiques, météorologiques ou géologiques) et une tradition hellénistique (l'influence de la théorie humorale).
En matière de diététique, ces calendriers, véritables almanachs, ne font que reproduire les prescriptions hippocratiques. En matière d'hygiène, ils précisent les saisons conseillées pour les exercices physiques, les bains ainsi que les parfums à utiliser.
Ces almanachs font, par ailleurs, état des affections les plus courantes et des moyens susceptibles de les guérir ou mieux de les prévenir. Sont recommandés divers électuaires, dont la Thériaque, des trochisques, des collyres et d'autres médications.Barbaud Jean. Hygiène, diététique et médecine dans les calendriers agricoles arabes. In: Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie, 86ᵉ année, n°317, 1998. pp. 41-48
Christians in Al-Andalus ( 8th-10th centuries)
No full textThe historiography of early Islamic Spain has become polarised between the Arabic narrative histories and the Latin sources. Although the Arabic sources have little directly to say about the situation of the conquered Christians, a willingness to engage with both Latin and Arabic texts opens up a wide range of material on such controversial topics as acculturation and conversion
to Islam.
This thesis examines a number of texts written by or attributed to Christians living in Al-Andalus
before the fall of the caliphate, early in the eleventh century. It begins with two eighth-century Latin chronicles and their wholly Christian response to the conquest and the period of civil wars which followed it. The reliability of Eulogius' testimony to the Cordoban martyr movement of
the 850s is considered in the light of Alvarus' Vita Eulogii and other evidence. Tenth-century Cordoba is briefly described as a backdrop to the later sources. The passions of two Cordoban martyrs of this period show that hagiography allowed for different accounts of dissident
Christians. The status of bishop Recemund as the author of the Calendar of Cordoba and the epitome of 'convivencia' is re-evaluated. The translation into Arabic of Orosius' Seven Books of History Against the Pagans is set in the context of other Christian texts in Arabic. The final chapter considers the episodes in Ibn al-QuTiya's History of the Conquest of Al-Andalus dealing with the Christian population, and especially with the Visigothic family from whom he may have been descended.
Whilst an attempt is made to draw this material together, the result is a series of Christian perspectives on the Islamic conquest, rather than a new narrative of cultural survival or assimilation
ВКЛАД ШАНХАЙСКОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ И УКРЕПЛЕНИЕ МНОГОПОЛЯРНОГО МИРОПОРЯДКА
No full textIn the article, the author considers the contribution of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to ensuring global security and strengthening the multipolar world order. Currently, most of the existing integration structures, including new ones, are used as forums for discussing urgent problems. However, they will not be able to lay claim to anything more until the participating States bring internal economic and political transformations to their logical conclusion. The article examines the role of the SCO in ensuring international security and strengthening the multipolar world. The author notes that the SCO plays a significant role in improving relations between the Russian Federation and the PRC, since this organization creates opportunities for resolving issues at the regional level that arouse the common interest of Russia and China. At the same time, the effectiveness of its activities deteriorates significantly when problems arise in Russian-Chinese relations. In general, we can conclude that both sides view the organization as an effective mechanism for resolving conflicts and contradictions in the Central Asian region. Due to many objective and subjective factors, the possibility of creating an effective regional structure on the basis of the SCO seems to be unpromising. In this context, the SCO is more reminiscent of a consultative organization or platform for ensuring and implementing in the region predominantly Chinese rather than Russian interests, and this gives grounds to conclude that in the near future the interests of the leading states (RF and PRC) within the integration association will gradually diverge. namely: integration education will not turn into an effective international organization Azmina Muminjonovna.В статье автором рассмотрен вклад Шанхайской Организации Сотрудничества в обеспечение глобальной безопасности и укрепление многополярного миропорядка. В настоящее время большинство из существующих интеграционных структур, в том числе и новых, используются как форумы для обсуждения актуальных проблем. Однако, они не смогут претендовать на нечто большее до тех пор, пока государства-участники не доведут до своего логического завершения внутренние экономические и политические преобразования. В статье рассматривается роль ШОС в обеспечении международной безопасности и укрепление многополярного мира. Автор отмечает, что ШОС играет заметную роль в улучшении отношений между РФ и КНР, поскольку эта организация создает возможности для решения на региональном уровне вопросов, которые вызывают общий интерес России и Китая. Одновременно эффективность ее деятельности значительно ухудшается, когда в российско-китайских отношениях возникают проблемы. В общем можно сделать вывод, что обе стороны рассматривают организацию как эффективный механизм разрешения конфликтов и противоречий в регионе Центральной Азии. В силу многих объективных и субъективных факторов малоперспективным представляется возможность создания на базе ШОС эффективной региональной структуры. В этом контексте ШОС больше напоминает консультативную организацию или площадку для обеспечения и реализации в регионе преимущественно китайских, а не российских интересов, а это дает основания сделать вывод, что в ближайшем будущем интересы ведущих государств (РФ и КНР) внутри интеграционного объединения будут постепенно расходиться, а именно: интеграционное образование не превратится в эффективную международную организаци
Feasibility of a multicentre, randomised controlled trial of laparoscopic versus open colorectal surgery in the acute setting: The LaCeS feasibility trial protocol
No full text© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. Introduction Acute colorectal surgery forms a significant proportion of emergency admissions within the National Health Service. There is limited evidence to suggest minimally invasive surgery may be associated with improved clinical outcomes in this cohort of patients. Consequently, there is a need to assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of laparoscopic surgery in the acute colorectal setting. However,emergency colorectal surgical trials have previously been difficult to conduct due to issues surrounding recruitment and equipoise. The LaCeS (randomised controlled trial of Laparoscopic versus open Colorectal Surgery in the acute setting) feasibility trial will determine the feasibility of conducting a definitive, phase III trial of laparoscopic versus open acute colorectal resection. Methods and analysis The LaCeS feasibility trial is a prospective, multicentre, single-blinded, parallel group, pragmatic randomised controlled feasibility trial. Patients will be randomised on a 1:1 basis to receive either laparoscopic or open surgery. The trial aims to recruit at least 66 patients from five acute general surgical units across the UK. Patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of acute colorectal pathology requiring resection on clinical and radiological/endoscopic investigations, with a National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death classification of urgent will be considered eligible for participation. The primary outcome is recruitment. Secondary outcomes include assessing the safety profile of laparoscopic surgery using intraoperative and postoperative complication rates, conversion rates and patient-safety indicators as surrogate markers. Clinical and patient-reported outcomes will also be reported. The trial will contain an embedded qualitative study to assess clinician and patient acceptability of trial processes. Ethics and dissemination The LaCeS feasibility trial is approved by the Yorkshire and The Humber, Bradford Leeds Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 15/ YH/0542). The results from the trial will be presented at national and international colorectal conferences and will be submitted for publication to peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number ISRCTN15681041; Pre-results
Astrology in literature: how the prohibited became permissible in the Arabic poetry of the mediaeval period
No full textThis thesis is concerned to position the art of astrology within the context of classical Arabic poetry, primarily by investigating and elucidating attitudes to the notion of
qadar (fate) and the ideology in which it was embedded. These attitudes were revelatory of the broader world view of the Arabs of those periods, and their shifts from those held in the pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras tell us a good deal about the importance given to the nature and role of fate and about the various understandings of its influence. The pre-Islamic Arab's notion of qadar was in some ways similar to that of the early Muslims: both emphasised predetermination and the irresistible power of fate. But while the jahilf (Pre-Islamic) Arabs identified fate with the malign power of dahr (Time), the Muslims believed the power of fate lies in the hands of God the
Omnipotent, who alone is responsible for the fate of the whole universe. Thus the astrology of the pre-Islamic era was one aspect of divination (kihana) and claimed to be
able to reveal in advance an individual's destiny, which could be avoided by taking certain precautions. These precautions, however, were considered effective only in
relatively trivial cases; they were useless in the areas of major impact: a person's happiness or misery (shaqiiwa aw sa ada), sustenance (rizq) and one's term (ajal), the
three inevitable and irresistible manifestations of fate. In the Islamic period not only these major aspects of life are governed and controlled by the Omnipotent; the destiny
of the universe, in even its most minute details, is determined and controlled by God alone. Astrology was considered to be of no value whatsoever, and its practitioners were subject to the death penalty. These two irreconcilable views are evident in early Islamic poetry, which reflected clearly the response of poets, and society, to astrology from the perspective of qadar.
When the orthodox caliphate was replaced by dynastic rule the status of astrology was changed dramatically. The idea that the stars, as indicators, play a role in the life of
human beings found popowerful supporters in some governors of the Islamic world, who allowed astrology to fulfil a public function regardless of the hostility of the official
religion of that society. This social phenomenon generated rich material of a controversial character in the realm of literature. Investigating the factors, motivations
and impact of mediaeval political, theological and philosophical attitudes to astrology, in relation to the notions of free will and predestination, is the concern of this study
