100 research outputs found
Mizoguchi-Takahashi local contractions to Feng-Liu contractions
No full text[EN] In this article, we establish that any uniformly local Mizoguchi-Takahashi contraction is actually a set-valued contraction due to Feng and Liu on a metrically convex complete metric space. Through an example, we demonstrate that this result need not hold on any arbitrary metric space. Furthermore, when the metric space is compact, we derive that any Mizoguchi-Takahashi local contraction and Nadler local contraction are equivalent. Moreover, a result related to invariant best approximation is established.The first author would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Human Resource Development, India for providing financial assistance during the research work. The second author acknowledges Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India for the financial support under (MTR/2021/000164).Maiti, P.; Sultana, A. (2024). Mizoguchi-Takahashi local contractions to Feng-Liu contractions. Applied General Topology. 25(2):321-329. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2024.19619OJS32132925
Private Sector Involvement in Higher Education in India: A State Level Analysis
No full textHigher education in India today is at the crossroads. There is a gradual shift from education being a government responsibility to its privatisation. The number of private unaided colleges and private universities has increased, share of enrolment in private institutions increases for most of the states in India. The study focuses on the status of private higher education enrolment of all states/regions in India and the factors influencing private higher education in India. There are considerable inter-state and inter-regional disparities in private higher education enrolment in India. As per AISHE report, in 2020-21, in India, 65 per cent of degree colleges are private unaided, only 21.4 percent colleges are fully public funded, 40.1 per cent of universities are private. Share of enrolment in private unaided college is 44.4 percent and in private aided college is 21.1 per cent; total share of private enrolment is 65.5 per cent. NSSO 71st round unit level data reveals that the private enrolment in higher education in India is about 58.4 percent. Privatisation in Southern and Western states is much higher than other states of India. Private enrolment in general courses is 42.2 per cent and in technical/professional courses it is 71.1 per cent. The picture is very clear that in professional and technical courses private enrolment is too high compared to general courses. Binary logistic regression results suggest that different socio-economic factors like religion, caste, gender, education level and occupation of household, type of courses are responsible for private enrolment of students in Higher education in India
Private Sector Involvement in Higher Education in India: A State Level Analysis
No full textHigher education in India today is at the crossroads. There is a gradual shift from education being a government responsibility to its privatisation. The number of private unaided colleges and private universities has increased, share of enrolment in private institutions increases for most of the states in India. The study focuses on the status of private higher education enrolment of all states/regions in India and the factors influencing private higher education in India. There are considerable inter-state and inter-regional disparities in private higher education enrolment in India. As per AISHE report, in 2020-21, in India, 65 per cent of degree colleges are private unaided, only 21.4 percent colleges are fully public funded, 40.1 per cent of universities are private. Share of enrolment in private unaided college is 44.4 percent and in private aided college is 21.1 per cent; total share of private enrolment is 65.5 per cent. NSSO 71st round unit level data reveals that the private enrolment in higher education in India is about 58.4 percent. Privatisation in Southern and Western states is much higher than other states of India. Private enrolment in general courses is 42.2 per cent and in technical/professional courses it is 71.1 per cent. The picture is very clear that in professional and technical courses private enrolment is too high compared to general courses. Binary logistic regression results suggest that different socio-economic factors like religion, caste, gender, education level and occupation of household, type of courses are responsible for private enrolment of students in Higher education in India
Skills, Informality, and Development
No full textThis paper makes an attempt to estimate the index of informal sector employment which can be attributed to the supply-push phenomenon. Factors which explain the inter-state variations include the industrial-informal sector wage gap, revenue expenditure, and development expenditure incurred by the government. Increased development expenditure brings in a decline in distress-led informalization. With improved education, health, and infrastructure facilities the employability of an individual goes up, which, in turn, reduces the compulsion to get absorbed residually. However, expansion in government activities measured through increased revenue expenditure raises in-migration, which in turn raises the supply-push phenomenon. We also observed that with an increase in distress-led informalization inequality tends to rise. Adoption of labour intensive technology in the organized industrial sector is indeed crucial for pro-poor growth. The other policy implication is in terms of enhanced investment in the areas of education, health and other infrastructural facilities.Informal sector, supply-push, development expenditure, stochastic frontier
Military Expenditure in India
No full textThe debate regarding the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth especially in the context of developing countries is an old one. There is apparent conflict within government budgets between education expenditure and military expenditure. The military budget of the India is that part of budget allocated for the funding of the Indian armed forces. This military budget finances salaries of employees and training costs, maintenance of equipment and facilities, support of new or ongoing operations, development and procurement of new weapons, equipment, vehicles, etc. The chapter explores the relationship among GDP, military expenditure, and education expenditure in India. The time series analysis reveals that there is long-run causality running from education expenditure and military expenditure to GDP. The study also reveals that there is short run causality running from military expenditure to GDP. </jats:p
Climate change impacts to the Arctic Ocean revealed from high resolution GEOTRACES Po-210-Pb-210-Ra-226 disequilibria studies
No full textAuthor Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2022. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 127(5), (2022):
e2021JC018359, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC018359.Climate change is transforming the Arctic Ocean in unprecedented ways which can be most directly observed in the systematic decline in seasonal ice coverage. From the collection and analysis of particulate and dissolved activities of 210Po and 210Pb from four deepwater superstations, as a part of the US Arctic GEOTRACES cruise during 2015, and in conjunction with previously published data, the temporal and spatial variations in their activities, inventories and residence times are evaluated. The results show that the partitioning of particulate and dissolved phases has changed significantly in the 8 years between 2007 and 2015, while the total 210Po and 210Pb activities have remained relatively unchanged. Observed total 210Po/210Pb activity ratio was less than unity in all deepwater stations, implying disequilibria in the entire water column. From the distribution of total 210Po and 210Pb in the upper 500 m of all major Arctic Basins, the derived scavenging efficiencies decrease as per the following sequence: Makarov Basin > Gakkel Bridge > Canada Basin Nansen Basin ∼ Amundsen Basin > Alpha Ridge, which is the reverse order of the calculated residence times of 210PoT. The scavenging intensities differ between the fully ice-covered, partially ice-covered, and no ice-covered stations, as observed from the differences in the average activities of 210Po and 210Pb. The average settling velocity of particulate matter based on the 210Pb activity is similar to the published values based on 230Th, indicating removal mechanism(s) of Th and Pb is (are) similar.This work was supported by National Science Foundation grants (NSF-PLR-1434578, MB; and NSF-OPP-1435376 KM). Mark Baskaran (PI) and Kanchan Maiti were independently funded by NSF.2022-10-0
ICT as Enabler of Knowledge-Based Economy: An Empirical Investigation in India Based on NSSO Unit-Level Data
No full textRemembering the Founder, the Mentor and an Invisible Guide Forever
No full textIt is the remembrance of Prof. (Dr.) Ratikanta Maiti, a world-renowned botanist and crop physiologist on his birthday 24th April, 1935. He worked on jute and allied fibers at the former Jute Agricultural Research Institute of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research for nine years, and on sorghum and pearl millet at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics for 10 years. After that he worked for more than 25 years as a professor and research scientist at three different universities in Mexico. He also served as a Research Advisor at Vibha Seeds, Hyderabad, India, and as a Visiting Research Scientist in the School of Forest Science, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. As an author of more than 50 books and about 500 research papers, he was conferred with several international awards including the Ethno-Botanist Award (USA) sponsored by Friends University, Wichita, Kansas, the United Nations Development Program; the senior research scientist award by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT, in Spanish), Mexico; and a gold medal for India in 2008 offered by the American Biographical Institute (ABI). He is the Chairman of the Ratikanta Maiti Foundation. He was the pioneer as chief editors of three international journals including the International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management (IJBSM). Dr. Maiti passed away on 19 June 2019
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