2,116 research outputs found
Views of children and young people in foster care survey: education
No full textThis paper explores the educational experiences of children and young people living in foster care in Queensland. Findings are drawn from the responses of 845 children and 1180 young people to the 2011 Views of Children and Young People in Foster Care survey, which is a rich source of information about children’s and young people’s attitudes towards and perceptions of their own education. Findings relate to educational status, key markers of educational disadvantage including suspensions and exclusions, and specific problems children and young people experience at school, as well as children’s and young people’s enjoyment of school and aspirations for the future. Information about educational support, including Educational Support Plans and support provided by Child Safety Officers and Community Visitors are also presented. Where relevant, comparisons are made between the 2011 survey results and prior surveys conducted in 2006, 2007 and 2009. Relationships between key educational measures as well as relationships to other important measures of health and placement stability are also explored.
The findings suggest that children and young people continue to experience educational disadvantage, including high rates of suspension and exclusion and a range of problems at school including problems with schoolwork, bullying and behaviour and that these difficulties can be exacerbated by the child protection system, for example, through placement instability. However, there are reasons for optimism. Children and young people are overwhelmingly likely to report that they enjoy school, expect to complete Year 12 and that their teachers generally like their schoolwork. Furthermore, over time, the proportions of young people reporting that they have an Educational Support Plan have grown, and, importantly, they are more likely to report that these plans are helpful. Analyses in relation to a number of educational variables reveal that young people with a plan they consider to be helpful fare better. Children and young people were also positive about the important role that CSOs and CVs are able to play in supporting their education.
While educational disadvantage is an enduring problem, the survey findings provide evidence of progress in key areas and suggestions for how continued improvements may be made
A single system design examining the behavioral problems of a sexually abused African American female adolescent in foster care
No full textThe overall purpose of this study is to examine (a) behavioral problems of a sexually abused female and (b) to stabilize the behavior problems after intervention has been administered. A single-system design will be used in this study. The Achenbach�s Child Behavior Checklist will be completed by the foster parent to target particular behavioral problems within the foster home. The behavioral problems that were examined were (a) sexualized language, (b) inappropriate body language, (c) isolation (d) delinquent behaviors and (e) aggressive acts towards her peers. The intervention included social reward, privilege reward, reinforcement, or punishment. The study showed that there was a decrease in these areas of behavior within the home after the intervention
‘They remain just bodies’: on pornography in David Foster Wallace (1989–2006)
No full textDavid Foster Wallace was deeply involved in a tricky and vexed research on pornography from 1989, as the recurrence of this theme in several non-fiction essays, brief stories, novels, interviews, and archival documents makes clear. The analysis of pornography in Wallace’s oeuvre offers the opportunity both to further explore his commitment to other fundamental topics – such as the overlap between addiction and entertainment – and to understand the significance of this theme in his overall literary project. Thus, employing a chronological approach, the chapter focuses on some published writings and unpublished documents in the period which runs from 1989 to 2006. The chapter argues that Wallace mobilized the paradox of pornography – which he understood as the erotic engagement of the viewers and the denial of any form of relationship among viewers and performers – in order to show that there was another way to experience intimacy through an aesthetic practice, namely the act of reading which, as he often stressed, is characterized by a distinctive and powerful conversation between author and reader
Attitudes to the rights and rewards for author contributions to repositories for teaching and learning
No full textIn the United Kingdom over the past few years there has been a dramatic growth of national and regional repositories to collect and disseminate resources related to teaching and learning. Most notable of these are the Joint Information Systems Committee’s Online Repository for [Learning and Teaching] Materials as well as the Higher Education Academy’s subject specific resource databases. Repositories in general can hold a range of materials not only related to teaching and learning, but more recently the term ‘institutional repository’ is being used to describe a repository that has been established to support open access to a university’s research output. This paper reports on a survey conducted to gather the views of academics, support staff and managers on their past experiences and future expectations of the use of repositories for teaching and learning. The survey explored the rights and rewards associated with the deposit of materials into such repositories. The findings suggest what could be considered to be an ‘ideal’ repository from the contributors’ perspective and also outlines many of the concerns expressed by respondents in the survey
Whangai: remembering, understanding and experiencing
No full textThe Māori customary practice of whangai is often equated with adoption or foster care.
There are, however, significant differences between the institutions. Adoption or foster care, tends to be mainly focused on the interests of the child. The institution of whangai, while being cognizant of the interests of the child, is weighted more towards establishing, nurturing and cementing relationships between individuals, families and broader relational networks. In this paper we draw on the lived experiences of six people who have been raised as whangai and/or have raised whangai. We were interested in their understanding of the cultural concept of whangai, how the customary practice of whangai has changed over time, and their projected thoughts on future generations’ experience of whangai. Findings suggest that the institution of whangai remains as a strong vehicle for both the care of children and for the nurturing of whangai kinship relationships. While participants recognised that contemporary Māori social environments have contributed toward multiple manifestations of whangai, most felt it to be an institution that will be valued and carried into the future
Evaluating Research Impact through Open Access to Scholarly Communication
No full textScientific research is a competitive business – in order to secure funding, promotion and tenure researchers must demonstrate their work has impact in their field. To maximise impact researchers undertake high priority research, aim to get results first, and publish in the highest impact journals. The Internet now presents a new opportunity to the scholarly author seeking higher impact: s/he can now make their work instantly accessible on the Web through author self-archiving. This growing body of open access literature (coupled with new publishing models that make journals available for-free to the reader) maximises research impact by maximising the number of people who can read it, and making it available sooner. Open access also provides a new opportunity for bibliometric research. This thesis describes the relatively recent phenomenon of open access to research literature, tools that were built to collect and analyse that literature, and the results of analyses of the effect of open access and its effect on author behaviour. It shows that articles self-archived by authors receive between 50-250% more citations, that rapid pre-printing on the Web has dramatically reduced the peak citation rate from over a year to virtually instant and how citation-impact – now widely used for evaluation – can be expanded to include a new web metric of download impact
From Paper to Pixel: The Author Amidst Digital Armageddon
No full textThere's a great deal of discussion in the academic and journalistic realms regarding this worry that the idea of the book is inextricably tied to its physical origins, and by necessity, this paper will add to it. The discussion that is not so apparent, however, is what this paper ultimately aims to advance: when tied so intimately to the fate of the book, what is the fate of the author amidst this digital upheaval?Master'sCollege of Arts and Sciences: Liberal StudiesUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/117785/1/Austin.pd
Provenance-based trust for grid computing: Position Paper
No full textCurrent evolutions of Internet technology such as Web Services, ebXML, peer-to-peer and Grid computing all point to the development of large-scale open networks of diverse computing systems interacting with one another to perform tasks. Grid systems (and Web Services) are exemplary in this respect and are perhaps some of the first large-scale open computing systems to see widespread use - making them an important testing ground for problems in trust management which are likely to arise. From this perspective, today's grid architectures suffer from limitations, such as lack of a mechanism to trace results and lack of infrastructure to build up trust networks. These are important concerns in open grids, in which "community resources" are owned and managed by multiple stakeholders, and are dynamically organised in virtual organisations. Provenance enables users to trace how a particular result has been arrived at by identifying the individual services and the aggregation of services that produced such a particular output. Against this background, we present a research agenda to design, conceive and implement an industrial-strength open provenance architecture for grid systems. We motivate its use with three complex grid applications, namely aerospace engineering, organ transplant management and bioinformatics. Industrial-strength provenance support includes a scalable and secure architecture, an open proposal for standardising the protocols and data structures, a set of tools for configuring and using the provenance architecture, an open source reference implementation, and a deployment and validation in industrial context. The provision of such facilities will enrich grid capabilities by including new functionalities required for solving complex problems such as provenance data to provide complete audit trails of process execution and third-party analysis and auditing. As a result, we anticipate that a larger uptake of grid technology is likely to occur, since unprecedented possibilities will be offered to users and will give them a competitive edge
Out of care, into university: raising higher education access and achievement of care leavers
No full textAround 40,000 children are estimated to require out-of-home care in Australia and this number has risen every year over the past decade (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2014a). Young people up to 18 years who are unable to live with their birth families are placed in different forms of out-of-home care, including kinship care, foster care, residential care, family group homes, and independent living. People who spent time in out-of-home care before the age of 18 are subsequently referred to as care leavers when they transition out of the system.
Care leavers rarely transition to higher education. They are largely excluded from the level of education that brings the highest wage premiums and lifetime rewards. Despite their extremely low university participation rates, there is no national agenda for improvement. This research project was conducted by La Trobe University and funded through an external research grant provided by the National Centre for Student Equity in Higher Education (NCSEHE) at Curtin University. This report aims to provide the basis for such an agenda by highlighting the nature and extent of the problem, and suggesting practical solutions within both the education and community service sectors. Our research adopted a mixed methods approach and included: a literature review; an examination of national data sets; an online survey of public universities in Australia; and interviews with senior representatives from major out-of-home care service providers. We provide recommendations targeted to the Australian Government, state and territory governments, higher education institutions, and community service organisations.
Three reforms are required to improve the access and achievement of care leavers in higher education:
The collection of nationally consistent data on higher education access and outcomes for care leavers.
Policy reform within the education and community service sectors including greater recognition of this under-represented student cohort and support for the transition of young people from out-of-home care to adulthood.
An over-arching need for cultural change that challenges the often low expectations for care leavers
Disturbances in North American boreal forest and Arctic tundra: impacts, interactions, and responses
No full textAuthors: Adrianna C Foster, Jonathan A Wang, Gerald V Frost, Scott J Davidson, Elizabeth Hoy, Kevin W Turner, Oliver Sonnentag, Howard Epstein, Logan T Berner, Amanda H Armstrong, Mary Kang, Brendan M Rogers, Elizabeth Campbell, Kimberley R Miner, Kathleen M Orndahl, Laura L Bourgeau-Chavez, David A Lutz, Nancy French, Dong Chen, Jinyang Du, Tatiana A Shestakova, Jacquelyn K Shuman, Ken Tape, Anna-Maria Virkkala, Christopher Potter, and Scott GoetzEcosystems in the North American Arctic-Boreal Zone (ABZ) experience a diverse set of
disturbances associated with wildfire, permafrost dynamics, geomorphic processes, insect
outbreaks and pathogens, extreme weather events, and human activity. Climate warming in the
ABZ is occurring at over twice the rate of the global average, and as a result the extent, frequency,
and severity of these disturbances are increasing rapidly. Disturbances in the ABZ span a wide
gradient of spatiotemporal scales and have varying impacts on ecosystem properties and function.
However, many ABZ disturbances are relatively understudied and have different sensitivities to
climate and trajectories of recovery, resulting in considerable uncertainty in the impacts of climate
warming and human land use on ABZ vegetation dynamics and in the interactions between
disturbance types. Here we review the current knowledge of ABZ disturbances and their
precursors, ecosystem impacts, temporal frequencies, spatial extents, and severity. We also
summarize current knowledge of interactions and feedbacks among ABZ disturbances and
characterize typical trajectories of vegetation loss and recovery in response to ecosystem
disturbance using satellite time-series. We conclude with a summary of critical data and knowledge
gaps and identify priorities for future study.This material is based upon work supported by the
National Center for Atmospheric Research, which
is a major facility sponsored by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement No.
1852977. We thank the Government of Northwest
Territories for providing disturbance polygon data.
We thank Kelcy Kent for providing the drawing of
ice wedge degradation in figure 10. The authors
have confirmed that any identifiable participants
in this study have given their consent for publication. A C F, B M R, and S G were supported
by NASA Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment
(ABoVE) Grant 80NSSC19M0112. G V F was supported by NASA ABoVE Grant NNH16CP09C. E H
was supported by the NASA Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability Experiment. K W T was supported by the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant 4286-2016
and NSERC Northern Supplement Grant 477155-
2016. H E and A H A were supported by NASA
ABoVE Grant 80NSSC19M0111. L T B was supported by N S F Office of Polar Programs Arctic System Science Grant 2116862. K M O was supported
by National Science Foundation Graduate Research
Fellowship Grant No. 1938054. LLB-C was supported by NASA Rapid Response Grant NNX15AD58G
and NASA ABoVE Grants NNX15AT83A and
80NSSC19M0107. D A L was supported by NASA
ABoVE Grant 80NSSC19M0118. N F was supported by NASA ABoVE Grant 80NSSC19M0108. J K S
was supported by the Next Generation Ecosystem
Experiments-Tropics, funded by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research and NASA ABoVE Grant
80NSSC19M0107. A-M V was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Grant No. 8414).https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ac98d
- …
