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Linkage of biopsy, cancer, and population records aimed at the estimation of family risks in neoplasia: a pilot study
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LINKAGE OF BIOPSY, CANCER, AND POPULATION RECORDS AIMED AT THE ESTIMATION OF FAMILY RISKS IN NEOPLASIA - A PILOT-STUDY
Author(s): BARRAI, I (BARRAI, I); NENCI, I (NENCI, I); GUIDI, E (GUIDI, E); DELLACQUA, G (DELLACQUA, G); FORMICA, G (FORMICA, G); BARBUJANI, G (BARBUJANI, G); MARZOLA, A (MARZOLA, A); MARANI, G (MARANI, G); BARALE, R (BARALE, R); BERETTA, M (BERETTA, M)
Source: JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Pages: 107-111 DOI: 10.1136/jech.45.2.107 Published: JUN 1991
Times Cited: 1 (from Web of Science)
Cited References: 15 [ view related records ] Citation Map
Abstract: Study objective-The aim was to link individual demographic and medical records into sibships to obtain the sibling distribution of biopsies and cancers, and thereby calculate heritability and recurrence risks in families, thus aiding early diagnosis and prevention of cancers.
Design-The 157 823 individual records of the inhabitants of the town of Ferrara in Italy were automatically linked into 106 821 sibships. A 10% sample (10 842 sibships) was then extracted from the distribution of sibships and tabulated, for linkage to medical records.
Patients-The biopsy records at the Institute of Pathological Anatomy of the University of Ferrara were manually linked to cancer records and then to sibships. It was possible to construct the distribution of 2062 biopsies and of 829 cancers in sibships.
Results-From the distribution of biopsies and tumours in sibships, it was possible to estimate the incidence of tumours in the population (0.052) and in siblings of affected (0.083), and to apply to such distributions current methods for the estimate of heritability (h2 = 0.246) and of recurrence risks of tumours in sibships, age independent.
Conclusions-The study shows that the procedure resulting in the estimation of incidences and recurrence risks for tumours could be completely automated, and extended to whole populations and homogeneous subgroups in post industrial cultures
Author in Essay by I. A. Goncharov “Pepiniere”
No full textFeatures of the embodiment of the author’s position in the essay by I. A. Goncharov “Pepiniere” are considered. The relevance of the study is due to the poorly studied poetics of this work. A review of the scientific literature on relevant topics is performed. Methodological and theoretical definitions are given. The scientific novelty of the article is in the fact that for the first time attention is paid to artistic techniques that allow to identify the author's position in the specified literary text. The author of the article grounds her opinion from the fact that, despite the dominance of the subjective point of view, other characters’ views stand out in the work. It is concluded in the study that the text of the work represents a biographical author and author-creator. It was established that the position of the author-creator is expressed through the title, epigraphs, which are quotes, as well as through different points of view, including the author-character, the author-narrator, the characters of the work. The author of the article dwells in detail on different ways of expressing the points of view of the author-character and the author-narrator. It is proved that the point of view of the author-character and the author-narrator can intersect, they are interchanged. The author's development of the term comic “point of view” is presented in the article
Socioeconomic Factors Associated With Non-Vaccination Of Dogs Against Rabies In Ibadan, Nigeria
No full textRabies is a zoonotic viral disease that affects human, domestic and wild animals. It is an acute, highly contagious and fatal disease caused by a bullet – shaped, enveloped RNA virus 180-75nm known as Lyssavirus type 1 and marked by a1mg and variable incubation period (Oboegbulem,. 1994). It is transmitted to animals and humans through close contact with saliva from infected animals. Once symptoms of the disease develop, rabies is fatal to both animals and humans (WHO, 200l). In Nigeria where dog bites continue to be the main mode of transmission of the disease to man, it remains a serious public health hazard. (Thorne, 1954; Ezeokoli et al. 1984; Ikede and Adeyemi, 1984). Reliable data on rabies are scarce in many areas of the globe, making it difficult to assess its full impact on human and animal health (WHO 2001). Since dog has been established as the predominant vector of rabies in Nigeria, the most logical and cost – effective approach to rabies control is elimination of stray and owner less dogs combined with a programme of single mass immunization in the shortest possible time, at least 80% of the entire dog population (WHO, 2001). The retrospective dog rabies vaccination evaluated at Ibadan carried out by Adeyemi (2000) showed that there is low response of dog owners to routine control of dog rabies by immunization. Effective, practicable and acceptable control strategy can only be put in place after the socio-economic facts associated with dog owners in each community have been studied. This paper reports the socioeconomic factors associated with Non-vaccination of dogs in Ibadan city, Nigeria. Keywords: Owned-dogs, anti-rabies vaccination, zoonosis, Ibadan cityNigerian Veterinary Journal Vol. 28 (3) 2007 pp. 59-6
Comparative Evaluation of the Pathogenicity of<i>Mycoplasma gallinaceum</i>in Chickens
No full textMycoplasma gallinaceum is not among the most pathogenic mycoplasmas affecting poultry, but its continuous reisolation
from flocks in South Africa displaying typical signs of mycoplasmosis prompted us to revisit its role in respiratory disease.
Specific-pathogen-free white leghorn chickens were co-challenged with either M. gallinaceum (MGC) and QX-like infectious
bronchitis virus (IBV), or the more virulent Mycoplasm gallisepticum (MG) and IBV. No clinical signs were observed apart from
sneezing in chickens challenged with IBV, MGCþIBV, and MGþIBV. On postmortem examination, one bird each in the MGC
þ IBV and IBV groups developed peritonitis or airsacculitis, respectively. In the tracheas, the MGþ IBV group showed the most
severe ciliary damage with a mean ciliostatic score of 32.40 compared to scores of 26.83 and 20.4 for the MGC þ IBV and IBV
groups, respectively. Corresponding tracheal lesions were recorded. Quantitation of the challenge pathogens by quantitative realtime
PCR and real-time reverse transcriptase–PCR determined that MGC was shed in much higher titers from the trachea than
MG, when co-infected with IBV. Interestingly, the presence of both MG and MGC appeared to enhance IBV replication in the
tracheas of infected chickens, whereas the presence of IBV suppressed MG and MGC proliferation in the trachea. In general, the
nonpathogenicity of M. gallinaceum in chickens was confirmed, but it was able to aggravate respiratory disease and pathogen
proliferation with virulent QX-like IBV.Celia Abolnik’s
South African National Research Foundation grant for rated
scientists. Modupeore Adeyemi was supported by a University of
Pretoria postdoctoral scholarship, and Dauda G. Bwala was
supported by a University of Pretoria PhD scholarship.http://www.aaapjournals.info/loi/avdiam2018Production Animal Studie
To what extent can non-price/income instruments influence the demand for energy?
No full textThe demand for energy is not simply a function of price and income, but can be shown also to be a function also of the underlying energy demand trend (UEDT). The UEDT captures behavioural responses to non-fiscal instruments, including technological change, but also encapsulating attitudinal responses/changes in demand that might result for instance from increased public awareness of how environmentally damaging energy use can be, hence reflecting underlying consumer preferences. This study estimates a longitudinal econometric model for the aggregate demand functions of a sample of 17 OECD countries for the period 1960-2005. This approach to modelling will enable UEDT’s to be observed for each of the countries, as well as the normal price and income elasticities. The model results will provide an indication of the extent to which price/income based instruments can be used to reduce the demand for energy, as well as indicating the extent to which consumers have responded to non-price/income instruments.OECD Aggregate energy demand; Asymmetry; Exogenous non-economic factors.
Taxonomic Study On G. Cerbera L. (Apocynaceae) In Java
No full textThe Genus Cerbera (Apocynaceae) belongs to the subfamily Cerberoideae, tribe Cerberieae and subtribe Cerberiinae. The number of Cerbera species growing in Java is still under dispute. Some botanists reported that there is only one Cerbera species, but other sources mention two. In order to get an accurate evidence the author made a survey in the field to collect herbarium materials and other useful data. A description was made of 2 Cerbera species found in the field, C. odollam Gaertn. and C. manghos L. Evidence of ecology, wood anatomy and architectural model were recorded as well. A key for identification based on vegetative and generative characters was made available. The author concludes that the G. Cerbera in Java consists of two correctly species as mentioned above.
Key words : G. Cerbera, forest reserve, description, architecture, anatomy, identification key
Interference Analysis, Measurements and Performance Evaluation of IEEE 802.11n in the presence of other IEEE 802.11b/g/n WLANs
No full textThe IEEE 802.11n standard is a promising technology for near future Wireless LAN's. By utilizing enhanced techniques like MIMO communication and OFDM digital modulation extremely high data rates over large distances are possible for wireless communications. Predecessors like 802.11b/g standards are succesfully outnumbered and a strong competitor to other rising WLAN techniques e.g., UWB and Wimax is born. With the rapid migration of 802.11n into WLAN a new scenario arises where 802.11n networks and other nearby located 802.11b/g/n networks operate simultaneously. Forced to share the medium, interference between the networks is often inevitable, causing performance degredation in such way that the promised maximum data rates and communcation distances cannot be guaranteed. The objective of this thesis is to study these interference scenarios and gain a clear understanding of the consequences and effects of interference on the performance of the networks under consideration. In this regard real life measurements are performed and an analysis has been carried out. Our main focus will be on an 802.11n WLAN operating within the range of another 802.11b/g/n WLAN. We will observe the dramatic impact on the performance of the networks with respect to network throughput and packet loss rate. Consequently, the results of our study will address the eminent interference problem that the rapid growing WLANs are facing.IRCTR, Telecommunications, Electrical EngineeringElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Warren G. Harding letter to Adolphe Danziger, February 21, 1921
No full textIn this letter dated February 21, 1921, President-elect Warren G. Harding writes to Adolphe Danziger, a Jewish scholar, lawyer and author, to thank him for the poem he wrote honoring Harding titled "Within the Storm."
This letter is part of the Warren G. Harding Papers (MSS 345). This collection includes correspondence, business records, and other materials documenting Harding’s business career as owner and editor-in-chief of The Daily Marion Star, as well as the various stages of his political career. A significant portion of the collection, and what’s available on Ohio Memory, highlights his 1920 presidential campaign, spanning just before publicly announcing his candidacy to handily defeating Ohio Governor James M. Cox in the election. Correspondents include both Ohio and national businessmen, political figures, and ordinary citizens writing with questions, support, congratulatory notes, and campaign advice. Some of the most interesting insights into the tumultuous political climate in the U.S., the extreme factionalism within the Republican Party in Ohio, and Harding’s campaign strategies are described in letters between Harding and his campaign manager, Harry M. Daugherty. Some of the topics addressed include women’s suffrage, Prohibition, the League of Nations, African American representation and issues, and lingering peace negotiations following World War I
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
The formation of Russian psychology: G. I. Chelpanov's foundational role
No full textThe article focuses on the institutionalization of psychology in Russia and highlights the close relations between philosophy and psychology in Russian scientific thought of the 19th-early 20th centuries. The author analyses the role of G. I. Chelpanov in establishing psychology as a separate discipline and in framing its theoretical base.В статье рассматривается проблема становления психологии как самостоятельной науки и вопрос взаимосвязи и взаимообусловленности философии и психологии в русской научной мысли рубежа XIX-XX веков на примере научного творчества выдающегося русского философа, психолога, организатора науки Г. И. Челпанова
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