64 research outputs found
Dietary adequacy of Egyptian children with autism spectrum disorder compared to healthy developing children
No full textAlthough the etiology and pathology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is still poorly understood, a number of environmental, anthropological, neurobiological and genetic factors have been related to the pathophysiology of ASD, even the impact of oxidative stress response related to the environment and nutrition intake. Usual recommended dietary habits are based on the combination of behavioral and dietary or nutraceutical interventions together with pharmacotherapy. Investigations about a reliable relationship between diet and ASD are still lacking. The present study aimed at comparing dietary regimens and habits of normally developing apparently healthy children, without diagnosed ASD, with a pediatric population of individuals affected by autistic disorder. Assessments of nutritional and anthropometric data, in addition to biochemical evaluation for nutrient deficiencies, were performed. A total of 80 children with autistic disorder and 80 healthy, normally developing pediatric individuals were enrolled in the study. Parents were asked to complete the standardized questionnaire regarding the different types of food and the proportion of a serving for their children. Biochemical analysis of micro- and macronutrients were also done. Plotting on the Egyptian sex-specific anthropometric growth (auximetric) chart, absolute weights as well as weight-related for age classes, were significantly higher in cases than healthy controls. No differences between groups were observed in regard to total kilocalories (kcal), carbohydrates, and fat intake. A total of 23.8% of children with autistic disorder vs. 11.3% in the healthy control group had a nutrient intake with features below the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of protein. Children with autistic disorder showed low dietary intake of some micronutrients; calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), selenium (Se) and sodium (Na), also they had significantly high intake of potassium (K) and vitamin C compared to healthy controls. Serum Mg, Fe, Ca, folate and vitamin B12 in children with autistic disorder were significantly low compared with healthy children. Significant positive correlations between serum Mg, Fe, Ca, vitamin B12 and folate and their levels in food were present. These results confirmed that different nutritional inadequacy was observed in Egyptian children with autistic disorder. The evidence reported in the present study should recommend screening of the nutritional status of ASD children for nutrient adequacy to reduce these deficiencies by dietary means or by administering appropriate vitamin and mineral supplements. Nutritional intervention plan should be tailored to address specific needs
Multiple narratives of il/legality and im/morality: The case of small-scale hashish harvesting in Kyrgyzstan
No full textThe aim of this study is to contribute to the current literature concerning the social acceptance of illegal practices. Using legal pluralism as a general framework of analysis, this study discusses the relationship between state law and alternative perspectives concerning its legitimacy. It presents the experience of people involved in hashish harvesting in one of the regions of Kyrgyzstan, how the state defines it as an ‘illegal practice’ and how the local population subsequently invokes normative systems based on local spiritual knowledge and the local moral economy of hashish production. It argues that acceptance of hashish harvesting as a legitimate means of support is not a straightforward process. Despite the predominant legitimating narrative of hashish harvesting, it enters into a conversation with state defined notions of ‘illegality’ and is also shaped by the customary understanding of the spiritual power of cannabis plants that requires caution when making hashish.© 2019, The Author(s). This is an author produced version of a paper published in THEORETICAL CRIMINOLOGY uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self- archiving policy. The final published version (version of record) is available online at the link. Some minor differences between this version and the final published version may remain. We suggest you refer to the final published version should you wish to cite from it
Evaluation of branched-chain amino acids in children with autism spectrum disorder and epilepsy
No full textAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) and epilepsy run hand-to-hand in their pathophysiology. Epilepsy is not an uncommon finding in patients with ASD. The aim of the present study was to identify the metabolic abnormalities of BCAAs (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) in children with ASD with and without seizures in comparison with neurotypical controls. Also, this study aimed to investigate the presence of epileptiform discharges on electroencephalography (EEG) in ASD patients and to describe the types and frequency of seizures observed. The study included 90 children aged 2-7 years, 30 of whom were diagnosed with both ASD and epilepsy. The other 30 children were diagnosed as ASD without epilepsy, and a comparable 30 normally developed children served as a control group. The groups were matched by age and gender. All patients were referred to the Autism Disorders Clinic for interviews and examinations. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) was applied to all study participants to assess the degree of autism. The present study results show that all types of seizures may be identified in ASD children. The median serum levels of BCAAs were lower in ASD children with and without epilepsy than in neurotypical controls. This opens the door for discussion about new etiologies and better categorizations of ASD based on genotype and genetic abnormalities detected. More studies with larger samples are needed to understand ASD better and to more reliable evaluate the association between ASD, EEG changes, seizures, and BCAAs
The Reveries of Orientalism and the realities of fiction: an analysis of the short story “The Hashish Man” by Lord Dunsany: An analysis of the short story “The Hashish Man” by Lord Dunsany
No full textLord Dunsany, pseudônimo de Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett, é ainda um obscuro autor de literatura de fantasia que, no entanto, é reconhecido como influência decisiva na obra de outros escritores modernos de gêneros como o fantástico, a ficção científica e o horror cósmico. A partir da análise do conto intitulado “The Hashish Man”, investigamos como Lord Dunsany apresenta inflexões originais e novas angulações no tocante às temáticas e imagens orientalistas comuns em sua época. Para isso, exploramos primeiramente como as narrativas novecentistas que tematizam ou versam sobre a toxicomania, sobretudo o ópio e o haxixe, revelam uma faceta das ansiedades imperiais e suas tensões políticas, culturais e econômicas. Em seguida, buscamos uma formulação do modo como o autor, mediante recursos como a metatextualidade e a metaficção (recursos não tão habituais em sua tradição e época), desarticula ou desloca alguns dos tropos e lugares-comuns do Orientalismo, conduzindo sua narrativa não só para um horror cósmico avant la lettre, mas também para um questionamento da própria natureza do real e da literatura.Lord Dunsany (pseudonym of Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett) is still a relatively obscure author of fantasy literature. Nonetheless, he is recognized as a decisive influence on the work of other modern writers in literary genres such as the fantastic, science fiction, and cosmic horror. Through analysing his short story "The Hashish Man," we examine how Lord Dunsany introduces original nuances and new angles regarding the Orientalist themes and imagery common in his time. To accomplish this, we first explore how the 19th-century narratives that thematize or address drug addiction, particularly opium and hashish, reveal a certain feature of imperial anxieties and their political, cultural, and economic tensions. Then we proceed to formulate how the author, through techniques such as metatextuality and metafiction (which were not so common in his tradition and historical period), disarticulates or displaces some of the tropes and clichés of Orientalism, leading his narrative not only towards a cosmic horror avant la lettre but also towards a questioning of the very nature of reality and literature
The share trading electronically
No full textLes intermédiaires financiers - on parle alors de courtiers en ligne - peuvent utiliser le réseau internet pour recevoir des ordres d'achat et de vente de leur clientèle, pour leur faire parvenir toute information et toute proposition d'opérations à réaliser. Et ils peuvent tenir des sites permettant à leurs clients de réaliser les opérations qu'ils souhaitent accomplir ou permettent à leurs clients de consulter un certain nombre d'informations, notamment les cours de bourse et les opérations qui sont en cours de réalisation. Préalablement à la passation d'ordres de bourse par Internet , et afin de protéger l'investisseur non professionnel, le prestataire et le donneur d'ordre sont tenus de suivre et de respecter plusieurs étapes . En effet, l'utilisation d'Internet dans la passation des ordres de bourse ne dispense pas le prestataire de services d'investissement - courtier en ligne - de son obligation d'établir avec le donneur d'ordre, deux conventions imposées par la réglementation, conventions pouvant être néanmoins réunies en un même document : une convention d'ouverture de compte ; une convention de service écrite.Financial intermediaries - brokers are referred to as online - can use the Internet to receive orders for the purchase and sale of their customers, to send them any information and any proposed operations to be performed. And they can keep their sites that allow customers to complete the transactions they wish to do or allow their customers to access a number of information, including stock prices and transactions that are underway. Prior to the execution of trading orders via the Internet, and to protect non-professional investor, the provider and the payer are required to monitor and follow several steps. Indeed, Internet use in the awarding of stock orders does not absolve the provider of investment services - online broker - from its obligation to establish with the client, two conventions imposed by the regulations, conventions can still be gathered in one document: a convention account opening, a written service agreement
Event-Triggered Control for Vehicle Platooning: Application to heterogeneous platoons
No full textThis thesis covers the implementation of Event-Triggering Control (ETC) on Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC). CACC has the potential to increase road capacity, by having safe vehicle following with small intervehicle distance (less than 1 second), to increase traffic flow by eliminating shockwave effects, such that string-stable behavior is achieved, and it increases vehicle safety and driving comfort. CACC uses Vehicle-To-Vehicle (V2V) or Vehicle-To-Infrastructure (V2I) communication. However, excessive use of this wireless communication may result in reliability issues of the communication network. By means of Event-Triggered Control, this issue can be tackled by establishing communication only when it is necessary, while guaranteeing desired closed-loop performance. In this thesis, an event-triggered controller for heterogeneous vehicle platooning is designed, which is decentralized, guarantees vehicle-following with small intervehicle distances, is robust against time-varying delays, and guarantees a positive minimum inter-event time. The algorithm is backed up by simulations, and it shows that communication is significantly reduced while maintaining desired closed-loop performance, when compared to periodic communication.Mechanical Engineering | Systems and Contro
Data warehousing quality
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Pour une histoire du cannabis
No full textWhat is known about the history of hashish in France or, more precisely, the history of the relationship between cannabis and the inhabitants of France? Which aspects of these relationships deserve more detailed investigation by historians? Which periods have been most extensively studied and which periods have been neglected? To answer these questions, this article is essentially based on the author’s contribution to Cannabis et adolescence. Les liaisons dangereuses. Before the 19th century, although lndian hemp was not completely unknown in France, it was very poorly known and essentially described in travellers’ tales. For example, no trace was found in the medical literature before the book by Aubert-Roche, De la peste et du typhus en Orient published in 1840. Five years later, the publication of Du haschisch et de l’aliénation mentale by Moreau de Tours raised a certain amount of interest in the medical world. This “alienist”, working at Bicêtre and then at Salpêtrière hospitals, played a major role in the introduction of cannabis in France. The history of this substance therefore begins in the middle of the 19th century. The author distinguishes three levels of analysis, which, although related to each other, possess a certain degree of independence. The author examines the place of hashish in scientific and more particularly medical thought and practice and then examines the place of hashish in literary and artistic representations. Finally, the sociological aspects of hashish consumption are studied. These three aspects obviously do not exhaust the subject. For example, cannabis in relation to the law and public policies constitutes another especially heuristic aspect
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