53 research outputs found
Southwest African Peoples Organization (SWAPO) and Political Economy of Namibia: An Analysis of the Tactics and Strategies of an African Liberation Movement, 1976
No full textThis thesis is concerned with the process by which South West African Peoples Organization (SWAPO) is con-ducting the struggle for the liberation of Namibia. The purpose is to determine what type of liberation SWAPO may possibly bring to Namibia. The problem of this study arose out of concern for what has come to characterize African countries presently, namely : nominal independence without overall social transformation. SWAPO is the African Liberation movement in Namibia . Namibia is legally an international territory which South Africa is holding on to like a colonial power in defiance of the United Nations and many other international opinions. International Capitalists Investments are largely involved in exploiting both the natural and human resources of the territory . Given that the interests of South Africa and her international capitalist allies are diametrically opposite of the interests of the Namibians, it is how the realization of these conflicting interests manifest themselves in the strategies and tactics of SWAPO in con-ducting the struggle for the liberation of Namibia that constitute the central concern of this study. I Materials for this study were collected from the already published works on Namibia as well as primary sources like newspapers, magazines, periodicals and SWAPO publications. The conclusion of this study shows that SWAPO is an organization with neither a clear-cut ideological position nor a comprehensive and discernible alternative economic program for the territory. The political programs are designed more to minimize western capitalists oppositions to the organization than to address the reality of the Namibian situation. In effect, it is concluded that as of now, it is conceivable that SWAPO might succeed in bringing independence to Namibia, but that would be it, nominal independence without complete social transformation
A Shoveling-related Pain Intensity Prediction Expert System for Workers’ Manual Movement of Material
No full textIn
this study, a fuzzy-based expert system called the Pain Intensity Prediction
Expert System (PIPES) was developed to predict pain severity risk (PSR) in
shoveling-related tasks. The primary objective was to develop a non-changing rating risk assessment ergonomics
tool that both efficient
and comparable with those obtained from human ergonomics experts in the field
of application. PIPES used fuzzy set
theory (FST) to make decisions about the level of pain associated with a
selected worker base on the measured task variables, namely scooping rate, scooping time, shovel load, and
throw distance as input and PSR as the result. Values obtained from variable measurements from a sand shoveling task
were run with PIPES, and the results were compared with the workers’
self-reported pain (WSRP) intensity using a numeric rating scale (NRS) tool. The result of validation showed that there was a
strong positive relationship between WSRP NRS and PIPES NRS, with a correlation
coefficient of 0.70. The independent sample t-test for mean difference showed that WSRP had a statistically significantly lower level of NRS (4.35 ± 2.1)
compared to PIPES (4.75 ± 2.2), t (38) = - 0.591, p = 0.558. With a
significance level of 0.001 at 95% confidence, the groups’ means were not
significantly different. The study developed an expert system, PIPES, which can be used as a computerized
representation of ergonomics experts, who are scarce. PIPES can be applied to construction industries, sand mine locations,
and any workplace where materials are manually moved using a shovel
An Expert System for Automobile Repairs and Maintenance.
No full textFault detection in automobile is a complicated process, which demands high level of knowledge and skill. Due to inadequate knowledge of vehicle users on some detectable vehicles faults from symptoms developed by a vehicle, this paper deals with the problem of detection of some automobile fault type and causes; repairing or maintaining an automobile through the use of expert system; and finding an alternative to replace human expert in automobile repair and maintenance. This system was designed for the detection of various automobile fault based on the efficient utilization of the past design experiences of the designer. An expert system is a computer system that emulates the decision-making ability of human expert. It was designed to solve complex problems by reasoning about knowledge base. They are represented primarily by if-then rules. The expert system was designed using Microsoft Visual C# programming language as it is an object-oriented type and has supports for generics and functional programming paradigms. For easy interaction with the user, graphic user interface (GUI) of the system was designed using window presentation framework (WPF) from Microsoft in order to achieve fluid and vector based on the interaction of the system with the user. This system works accurately during the process according to the various classes of fault presented to the programmer. This expert system saves time and energy needed by car owners and human expert in diagnosing, repairing and maintaining a vehicle
Computer Aided Grain Aeration Management: an Antidote to Grain Deterioration in Metal Silo
No full textAeration is very important for good grain storage as it helps to maintain uniform grain temperatures, minimizes moisture migration, and prevents quality loss of stored grain. The temperature of grain stock was monitored with the aid of temperature sensors installed inside the silo bins. Each silo contained twenty sensors located on five probes at different sections of the silo bin. Grain was received to experimented metal silos at 300C. The parameters for grain before reception were 1% broken grain, 1% mould, 1% foreign matters, 68- 75KG/HL weight and 12% moisture content. Grain temperature rose to 450C within three weeks of storage. Temperature readings were taken in the morning and at evening times. Aeration system (fans) was operated several times, each time for long hours (≥5hours) enough to equalize temperature throughout the entire grain mass. Aeration fans were used to rapidly cool grain to 250C and then held it between 25 - 410C for over a year. The power requirement increased as air flow rate and grain depth increased. Aeration fans were controlled automatically from the operating control room while dehumidifiers were installed on the aeration fans. Loss recorded at manually operated metal silo was compared with the one from the silo monitored with computer software developed. While aeration could be used to lower grain temperature, minor changes took place on the moisture content of the grain mass. Loss was reduced to < 1% as against 5%. Aeration can be better monitored economically with the use of a computer system
Design of Fuzzy Logic Based Relay for Distance Protection
No full textThe safe generation and distribution of power is the most desirable factor targeted by utility companies. Therefore, there is a serious concern for protection of the transmission line as well as the equipment involved. Several works have been carried out on protection to protect mostly human lives while some aimed at the use of microcontrollers to optimize the performance of a relay. Part of the conventional relay operation works was the work by IEEE Working Group I17 Incorrect Operation Reporting in which for 20 total events, for voltage above 400V, unnecessary trips during fault is 30%, unnecessary trip other than fault is 5%, and total misoperation is 35%. These results could be improved upon. As new technology surfaces more application areas also evolve such as the use of artificial intelligence tool like fuzzy logic to enhance the performance of a relay which is the key element in the switching operation of a power network. This fuzzy logic based relay shows considerable improvement on false trip phenomenon usually associated with the operations of a relay in which a total of 25 events were used to form the rule base for voltage ranging from 480V to 15kV, unnecessary trip fault is 2%, and total misoperation is less than 10%. In this work, the protection scheme proposed is for transmission line's distance protections relay whose operation is adaptive and directly controlled using fuzzy logic controller which is fault tolerant, directional, and least affected by power swing
Fault reactivation potential and associated permeability evolution under changing injection conditions
No full textAcknowledgements The authors wish to acknowledge Adekunle Ajasin University, for granting the lead author a study leave; the African Union for providing the financial support (scholarship) through the Pan African University; and the University of Aberdeen for providing the facilities and enabling environment for a successful research.Peer reviewe
Molecular orbital calculations on a minicomputer, 1980
No full textA program (CINDO, QCPE No. 240) capable of calculating CNDO and INDO wavefunctions for open and closed shell molecules on a medium sized computer (IBM 360/44) was adapted to run on a minicomputer (PDP 11/34 with an RT-11 operating system). The program was linked into the computer by the overlay method by dividing the program into three overlay regions which allows for a much larger memory space. The program was linked for the closed shell calculations only. By modifying the dimension statement, the matrices were reduced from 50 basis functions to 35. A sample calculation (INDO, CLOSED) was done for formaldehyde to compare the result with that obtained from QCPE. The result shows that the electronic energy was not converging as predicted
The 2021 Magnonics Roadmap
No full textMagnonics is a budding research field in nanomagnetism and nanoscience that addresses the use of spin waves (magnons) to transmit, store, and process information. The rapid advancements of this field during last one decade in terms of upsurge in research papers, review articles, citations, proposals of devices as well as introduction of new sub-topics prompted us to present the first roadmap on magnonics. This is a collection of 22 sections written by leading experts in this field who review and discuss the current status besides presenting their vision of future perspectives. Today, the principal challenges in applied magnonics are the excitation of sub-100 nm wavelength magnons, their manipulation on the nanoscale and the creation of sub-micrometre devices using low-Gilbert damping magnetic materials and its interconnections to standard electronics. To this end, magnonics offers lower energy consumption, easier integrability and compatibility with CMOS structure, reprogrammability, shorter wavelength, smaller device features, anisotropic properties, negative group velocity, non-reciprocity and efficient tunability by various external stimuli to name a few. Hence, despite being a young research field, magnonics has come a long way since its early inception. This roadmap asserts a milestone for future emerging research directions in magnonics, and hopefully, it will inspire a series of exciting new articles on the same topic in the coming years.Computer Engineerin
Casting and Performance Evaluation of Pump Impeller and Housing using Local Raw Materials
No full textCasting of pump impeller and its housing was carried out using locally available materials. Performance evaluation was conducted to show if the locally produced pump impeller and its housing could be compared favourably in terms of performances with the imported ones. The sand used for the moulding of the pump housing and impeller was blended in the sand mixer with bentonite, wood dust, water and others as desired in their correct proportions (Bentonite-3.5%, Water 3.5%; Wood dust 4.2%). Pouring of the molten metal unto the assembled mould was done at a temperature of about 1380oC. Portable optical pyrometer was used to measure the temperatures. The charge make ups was 135kg of cast iron scraps, 0.58% FeSi, 0.035% Femn and 0.0045% Inoculants. Replica of the two components were carefully produced in wooden patterns to make the sand mould easy, while the casting was made using grey cast iron because of the need to machine it to its final dimensions with ease. The results obtained from the various test carried out shows no significant difference from the standard result of the imported ones
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