2,596 research outputs found
Trade bookbinding in the British Isles, 1660-1800 by Stuart Bennett
No full textreviewA review of "Trade Bookbinding in the British Isles, 1660-1800" by Stuart Bennett
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Visual guidance of landing behaviour when stepping down to a new level
No full textNoWhen stepping down from one level to another, the leading limb has to arrest downward momentum of the body and subsequently receive and safely support bodyweight before level walking can begin. Such step downs are performed over a wide range of heights and predicting when and where contact between the landing limb and the lower level will be made is likely a critical factor. To determine if visual feedback obtained after movement initiation is habitually used in guiding landing behaviour, the present study determined whether pre-landing kinematics and the mechanics of landing would be modulated according to the type of visual feedback available during the stepping down phase. Ten healthy participants (32.3 ± 7.9 years) stepped, from a standing position, down from three different heights onto a forceplatform, either coming immediately to rest or proceeding directly to walking across the laboratory. Repeated trials were undertaken under habitual vision conditions or with vision blurred or occluded 2¿3 s prior to movement initiation. Pre-landing kinematics were assessed by determining, for the instant of landing, lead-limb knee and ankle angle, stepping distance, forwards positioning of the body CM within the base of support and the forwards and downwards body CM velocity. Landing mechanics for the initial contact period were characterized using lead limb vertical loading and stiffness, and trail limb un-weighting. When vision was occluded movement time, ankle plantarflexion and knee flexion were significantly increased compared to that determined for habitual vision, whereas forwards body CM positioning and velocity, vertical loading and stiffness, and trail limb un-weighting, were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). Similar adaptations were observed under blurred conditions, although to a lesser extent. Most variables were significantly affected by stepping task and step height. Subjects likely reduced forwards CM position and velocity at instant of landing, in order to keep the CM well away from the anterior border of the base of support, presumably to ensure boundary margins of safety were high should landing occur sooner or later than expected. The accompanying increase in ankle plantarflexion at instant of landing, and increase in single limb support time, suggests that subjects tended to probe for the ground with their lead limb under modified vision conditions. They also had more bodyweight on the trail limb at the end of the initial contact period and as a consequence had a prolonged weight transfer time. These findings indicate that under blurred or occluded vision conditions subjects adopted a cautious strategy where by they ¿sat back¿ on their trail limb and used their lead limb to probe for the ground. Hence, they did not fully commit to weight transfer until somatosensory feedback from the lead limb confirmed they had safely made contact. The effect of blurring vision was not identical to occluding vision, and led to several important differences between these conditions consistent with the use of impoverished visual information on depth. These findings indicate that online vision is customarily used to regulate landing behaviour when stepping down
Adrenal Steroidogenesis after B Lymphocyte Depletion Therapy in New-Onset Addison\u27s Disease
No full textContext: A diagnosis of Addison\u27s disease means lifelong dependence on daily glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid therapy and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality as well as a risk of unexpected adrenal crisis. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether immunomodulatory therapy at an early stage of autoimmune Addison\u27s disease could lead to preservation or improvement in adrenal steroidogenesis. Design and Intervention: This was an open-label, pilot study of B lymphocyte depletion therapy in new-onset idiopathic primary adrenal failure. Doses of iv rituximab (1 g) were given on d 1 and 15, after pretreatment with 125 mg iv methylprednisolone. Patients and Main Outcome Measures: Six patients (aged 17-47 yr; four females) were treated within 4wk of the first diagnosis of idiopathic primary adrenal failure. Dynamic testing of adrenal function was performed every 3 months for at least 12 months. Results: Serum cortisol levels declined rapidly and were less than 100 nmol/liter (3.6 mu g/dl) in all patients by 3 months after B lymphocyte depletion. Serum cortisol and aldosterone concentrations remained low in five of the six patients throughout the follow-up period. However, a single patient had sustained improvement in both serum cortisol [peak 434 nmol/liter (15.7 mu g/dl)] and aldosterone [peak 434 pmol/liter (15.7 ng/dl)] secretion. This patient was able to discontinue steroid medications 15 months after therapy and remains well, with improving serum cortisol levels 27 months after therapy. Conclusion: New-onset autoimmune Addison\u27s disease should be considered as a potentially reversible condition in some patients. Future studies of immunomodulation in autoimmune Addison\u27s disease may be warranted. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97: E1927-E1932, 2012
The Feynman Lectures on Computation
No full textWhen, in 1984–86, Richard P. Feynman gave his famous course on computation at the California Institute of Technology, he asked Tony Hey to adapt his lecture notes into a book. Although led by Feynman, the course also featured, as occasional guest speakers, some of the most brilliant men in science at that time, including Marvin Minsky, Charles Bennett, and John Hopfield. Although the lectures are now thirteen years old, most of the material is timeless and presents a “Feynmanesque” overview of many standard and some not-so-standard topics in computer science such as reversible logic gates and quantum computers
The collected Leonard J. Arrington Mormon history lectures
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.Faith and intellect as partners in Mormon history / Leonard J. Arrington -- Making space for the Mormons / Richard Lyman Bushman -- "My idea is to go right through right side up with care": the exodus as reformation / Richard E. Bennett -- The theater in Mormon life and culture / Howard R. Lamar -- Mormon domestic life in the 1870s: pandemonium or arcadia? / Claudia L. Bushman -- The importance of the temple in understanding the Latter-day Saint Nauvoo experience: then and now / Kenneth W. Godfrey -- Signifying sainthood, 1830-2001 / Jan Shipps -- Encountering Mormon country: John Wesley Powell, John Muir, and the nature of Utah / Donald Worster -- Rachel's death: how memory challenges history / Laurel Thatcher Ulrich -- "I didn't want to leave the house, but he compelled me to": a personal examination of a Mormon family / F. Ross Peterson
Conservation practitioners' perspectives on decision triggers for evidence‐based management
No full textArthroscopic Debridement and Resection of a Bennett Lesion in a Collegiate Baseball Pitcher
No full textBackground: Overhead throwing athletes are predisposed to ossification along the superior to inferior posterior glenoid rim, termed thrower's exostosis or a Bennett lesion. These lesions can result in posterior shoulder pain during throwing and decreased shoulder range of motion, and they can be associated with posterior labral tears and undersurface rotator cuff tears. In this video technique, we describe the arthroscopic debridement and resection of a symptomatic unstable Bennett lesion in a collegiate baseball pitcher who had unsuccessful nonoperative treatment. Indications: Currently, there is no standard treatment algorithm for Bennett lesions. Arthroscopic intervention is typically indicated in overhead throwers who have unsuccessful nonoperative protocols, including stretching of the posterior capsule, strengthening of the rotator cuff, and injections. Technique Description: In the lateral decubitus position, standard posterior viewing and anterior working arthroscopic portals are created followed by diagnostic arthroscopy. A high anterior accessory portal is created to view the posterior labrum and evaluate for tears. The location of the Bennett lesion is determined using a switching stick or probe. In this case, an accessory posterior viewing portal and capsulotomy are created under spinal needle visualization and a 70° scope is utilized for an improved view. Through the capsulotomy, a motorized shaver and radiofrequency wand is used to work along the posterior inferior glenoid neck to expose the lesion. Once the lesion is fully demarked, a hooded bur is utilized to debride the entirety of the lesion back to the smooth bony surface of the glenoid neck. After resection, the capsule is left open to avoid overtightening the posterior capsule in overhead throwing athletes. Results: Arthroscopic debridement and resection of a symptomatic Bennett lesion in a collegiate baseball pitcher allowed the patient to return to pain-free pitching at the same level of collegiate play the following season. Discussion/Conclusion: An unstable Bennett lesion can be a source of pain in the overhead throwing athlete. If nonoperative treatment modalities fail to resolve symptoms, arthroscopic debridement and excision of this lesion utilizing a posterior capsulotomy and accessory posterior viewing portal as described in this video technique is a safe and effective surgical option. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication
Assessingthe potential impacts of radio transmitters on bat flight and behavior in a controlled environment
No full textTelemetry is an effective method for collecting movement data, however, transmitters have the potential to negatively impact the maneuverability and behavior of wildlife, particularly volant species. Despite concerns, no studies to date have assessed the potential effect of transmitters on bats. Thus, we conducted a behavioral study on evening bats (Nycticeius humeralis) in a controlled environment. We found that transmitters affected both flight and behavior. There was an initial 20% reduction in the number of bats that flew once the transmitter was attached. Of the bats that did fly, we observed decreases in tortuosity by 30%, in distance flown by 67%, in the proportion of active behavior by 78%, and in the number of drinking attempts by 63%. Furthermore, these impacts did not diminish over time (3-day period), suggesting that bats are not habituating to the transmitter. This could have consequences for telemetry survey data collection and interpretation
Does a textured coating alter bat activity and behavior in proximity to wind turbine towers?
No full textWind turbines kill large numbers of migratory bats. There is therefore a need to alleviate batwind turbine collisions. Research has shown that bats approach and interact with the smooth tower surfaces as if they provide resources (i.e., water and food). We hypothesized that a textured coating would disrupt the smooth surface and potentially result in decreased bat activity in proximity to towers, thereby reducing collision risk. We conducted a paired behavioral survey using thermal, night vision, and ultrasonic acoustic technologies to assess bat activity at 2 pairs of wind turbines (containing a textured and control turbine) in north-central Texas. We found no difference in overall bat activity between smooth and textured turbines, however, we did find some responses to the texture that were species-specific. Our results demonstrate the importance of texture design and suggest that multple mitigation strategies should be used to account for species-specific variation in activity and behavior
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