18 research outputs found
Magnitude, Clinical Presentation, and Outcome of Pediatric Burn Injuries at Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No full textBack ground: Burn injuries are a global public health problem, accounting for an estimated 195 000 deaths annually. The majority of these occur in low- and middle-income countries and the rate of child deaths from burns is currently over seven times higher in low- and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. Burn injuries are largely considered as being preventable. However, one needs to know the patterns, causes and outcomes of burn injuries if intervention measures are to be effective.. Objective: the aim of this study was to determine the magnitude, clinical presentation and outcome of pediatric burn patients seen in Yekatit 12 hospital from January 2012 – January 2014. Methodology: This study was conducted at Yekatit 12 hospital from December- June 2014 by implementing a retrospective cross sectional study design. A total of 422 burn patients were recruited by simple random sampling method. Data was collected from patients’ medical record cards retrospectively. SPSS version 20 for widows was used for data entry and analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Result: Burn accounted for 6.4% of patients who had visited the pediatric department of Yekatit 12 hospital during the study period. Children less than 3 years of age had the highest proportion of patients (53.3%) and the median total body surface area (TBSA) burned was 11% with a range of 1-95% . The most frequent burn injuries were scalds, followed by flame burns, electrical burns , contact burns with hot solid object and chemical burns with 60%,32.9%, 3.8%, 2.4% and 0.9% respectively. Most of the burns ( 49%) healed with no or minor sequelae and 7.85% of patients died in the study period. Cause of burn has statistically significant association with death (P= 0.027).
Conclusion and recommendation: The leading causes of burn are scalds which are preventable. Children should not be allowed in the kitchen and they should be kept in their beds or in their room while their mothers are doing housework chores. The most effective way to prevent burns is public education
Quality of basic emergency obstetric and newborn care services from patients' perspective in selected public health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2022: A cross-sectional study.
No full textBackgroundThe majority of maternal and neonatal deaths occur within the first 24 hours of birth. To minimize maternal as well as neonatal morbidity and mortality, it is important to supply quality Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care. Basic emergency obstetric and newborn care services prevent immediate obstetric problems. There have been studies in Ethiopia that have looked at the availability of EmONC services. However, from the clients' perspective and experience, there is insufficient knowledge of quality BEmONC services.ObjectiveTo assess the quality of basic emergency obstetric and newborn care (BEmONC) services and associated factors from the perspective of mothers in selected public health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was used among mothers receiving at least one of the signal functions of BEmONC services. A total of 377 mothers were enrolled. Eleven public health centers, one from each of the 11 sub-cities, were selected by simple random sampling. Respondents were chosen by a systematic random sampling method. A structured questionnaire from Open Data Kit version 2022.1.2 was used. Finally, it was exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Bivariate analysis at a P-value of 0.25 and multivariable analysis at a P-value of 0.05 were applied.ResultsThe overall quality of BEmONC services from the mothers' perspective was 56.9%. Mothers who paid for services had lower odds of rating the quality as good compared to those who received services for free (AOR = 0.564; 95% CI: 0.327-0.971). Additionally, mothers aged 20 to 24 years had a lower likelihood of viewing the quality as good compared to those older than 35 years (AOR = 0.362; 95% CI: 0.157-0.837). However, mothers who were accompanied by relatives had significantly higher odds of rating the quality as good than those who were alone (AOR = 18.557; 95% CI: 3.844-89.588). Regarding monthly income, respondents with an average monthly income of less than 1,500 ETB had higher odds of rating the quality as good compared to those earning more than 6,000 ETB (AOR = 2.429; 95% CI: 1.026-5.753).Conclusion and recommendationThe total quality of BEmONC services from the perspective of mothers was suboptimal. It was predicted by age, monthly income, presence of a companion, and payment. This study strongly recommends that more should be done to ensure that the services given are more client-centered
Examining Heat Treatment Effects on Transformation of Iron Oxides and Crystallinity phase identification Dataset from Recovered Iron Hydroxide Electro-coagulated Sludge
No full textIron hydroxide Electro-coagulated sludge from the electrochemical processes of textile wastewater treatment plant have recovered and oxidative transformed iron oxides production with heat treatment were produced. Because hematite and magnetite iron oxides can be produce from iron hydroxide, electro-coagulated sludge as iron hydroxide rich sludge can be used iron oxides source for different application. Such as for catalyst, medical and commercial applications. Heat treatment of iron hydroxide with a certain temperature range will have an effect for magnetic nature iron oxides formation. Thus, EC sludge as iron hydroxide were used crystalliniry nature as well as phase identification. To this experiment, the author intends to use four critical temperature values as a base to examine the phase change by producing different iron oxides (α-Fe2O3, Fe3O4…). X-ray diffraction study using XRD machine as well as comparative examination with standard references, the international central diffraction data (ICDD) were investigated. The heat treatment from 300 oC to 800 oC have confirm us the iron oxide formation and at high temperature the patterns become more crystal formation
Evidence-based practice utilization and associated factors among nurses in the emergency department of selected public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024: cross-sectional study
No full textAbstract Background Evidence-based practice use refers to the integration of current, reliable, and relevant evidence into healthcare decision-making. This includes findings from studies, professional experiences, and updated guidelines aimed at minimizing biases and enhancing clinical decisions based on comprehensive research. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the use of evidence-based practices and identify associated factors among nurses working in the emergency departments of selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2024. Methods This institution-based cross-sectional study assessed evidence-based practice use among emergency department nurses. A lottery method of simple random sampling was used to select 233 participants from 542 nurses registered in the nurse manager office. Only 233 nurses were invited to participate in the study, and only 225 responded, resulting in a non-response rate of 3.4% (equivalent to 8 nurses). Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that was adapted and modified, comprising six sections with 59 items. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the associations between dependent and independent variables. Variables with a P value of less than 0.05 were deemed significantly associated with the utilization of evidence-based practices. Results Among the 225 nurses who participated in the study, 101 nurses (44.9%, 95% CI: 39.0–52.0%) demonstrated good use of evidence-based practice. The analysis revealed several factors associated with the use of evidence-based practice. Female nurses had an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 1.4 (95% CI: 1.201–3.923) for evidence-based practice use compared with male nurses. Nurses with a Master’s degree (AOR = 6.786, 95% CI: 1.141–40.352) and coordinator nurses (AOR = 13.191, 95% CI: 1.843–94.414) were also more likely to utilize evidence-based practices than staff nurses. Additionally, nurses with good knowledge of evidence-based practices had an AOR of 3.801 (95% CI: 1.700–8.498), and those who believed that relevant literature was unavailable had an AOR of 3.316 (95% CI: 1.334–8.246). Conclusion This study identified important factors affecting the use of evidence-based practice among nurses. Female nurses, those with advanced degrees, and nurse coordinators are more likely to engage in this practice. Good knowledge of evidence-based methods enhances their utilization, whereas beliefs about limited access to relevant literature can hinder such utilization. These findings suggest that improving education and access to research resources could boost patient care outcomes. Additionally, nursing leaders and administrators can help overcome barriers by providing training, allowing time off for EBP activities, and adjusting work schedules accordingly
Utilizations of Electro-coagulated Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Plant data as an Adsorbent for Direct Red 28 Dye removal
No full textElectro-coagulated, EC, sludge from the electrochemical processes of textile wastewater treatment plant can be reuse as an adsorbent for a certain cationic and anionic azo dyes from textile and or leather industry effluents. Because EC sludge expected to have iron oxide and hydroxide during the electrochemical processes of wastewater treatment, it can be used for adsorptions for azo dye removal. Produced EC sludge can have positively charged surface, specially ferric and or ferrous surface charge. Thus, EC sludge as an adsorbent will have adsorption potential to adsorb acidic (anionic) dyes in the principles of electrostatic attraction. To this study, the author intends to use direct red 28 (DR28) dyes as a modal azo dye from the textile and or leather industry. Basic batch adsorption parameters (effect of dye concentration, solution pH, reaction temperature, mixing time and adsorbent dosage), as well as adsorption isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamics study on to raw and calcined EC sludge were investigated. DR28 dye on to calcined EC adsorbent has recorded as highly removal efficiency at pH of 2, initial dye concentration of 20mg/L, time of 60 min, adsorbent dosage 1g/100mL and temperature of 25±2℃, ambient temperature
XRD analysis of recovered iron materials from electro-coagulated sludge
No full textIron hydroxide Electro-coagulated sludge from the electrochemical processes of textile wastewater treatment plant has recovered and oxidative transformed iron oxides production with heat treatment was produced. Because hematite and magnetite iron oxides can be produce from iron hydroxide, electro-coagulated sludge as iron hydroxide and oxy-hydroxide rich sludge can be used iron oxides source for different applications. Such as for catalyst, medical and commercial applications. Heat treatment of iron hydroxide with a certain temperature range will have an effect on magnetic nature iron oxides formation. Thus, EC sludge as iron hydroxide was used crystallinity nature as well as phase identification. To this experiment, the author intends to use four critical temperature values as a base to examine the phase change by producing different iron oxides (α-Fe2O3, Fe3O4…). X-ray diffraction study using the XRD machine as well as comparative examination with standard references, the international central diffraction data (ICDD) were investigated. The heat treatment from 300 oC to 800 oC have confirmed us the iron oxide formation and at high temperature, the patterns become more crystal formation
Barter in practice: a case study of liwac transaction in Addis Ababa
No full textThe author examines the contemporary liwac or barter system in Addis Ababa, a thriving part of the informal economy which involves the exchange of household goods for second-hand clothes and shoes. He concludes that this form of transaction positively co-exists with and is not superseded by the monetised economy.This article is hosted by our co-publisher Taylor & Francis.</p
Book reviews: Robert Guest (2004) “The Shackled Continent: Power, Corruption, and African Lives”
No full textOver the past two decades, extreme poverty has been decreasing in all regions of the world except for sub-Saharan Africa. This attracted the attention of many scholars and policymakers from Africa and other continents of the world to study and understand the reason why Africa has remained so poor. As a result, many scholars have advanced many reasons for poverty and underdevelopment on the continent. However, no consensus is reached among scholars for poverty and underdevelopment of Africa. 'The shackled continent' is one of the books that has attempted to explain the reasons why Africa has remained so poor. The main of this paper was to critically review the book. The shackled continent has critically analyzed and identified many hobbles that have affected the development process in Africa. In this regard, the author assumption is that Africa has remained so poor as a result of several factors which includes failures of leadership, tribal politics, bad governance, impacts of AIDs, resource curse, lack of transparent property rights, ethnic strife, corruption, frequent military coups, and development assistance failures. Guest admits that these reasons to some extent contribute to the Africans' development challenges. However, arguably failures of leadership are the main reason for underdevelopment in Africa. The author argues that global capitalism is merely a solution to Africa's problems. This book has many strengths as well as weaknesses
Improvement of Maintenance Management System: A Case Study on Walia Intercity Bus Service Enterprise
No full textThis thesis seeks to provide a greater depth into the exploration of the subject “Vehicle
Maintenance Management System” (VMMS). It is found that improved maintenance helps
to increase revenues of a firm by increasing vehicle or equipment performance and
availability. Most importantly, firms must have maintenance policies and strategies so that
the whole firm will be directed in the same direction to reduce equipment down time.
The purpose of this thesis is to improve the existing maintenance management system and
maintenance efficiency of the enterprise under consideration.
The establishment of effective and efficient maintenance management system is the
mechanism by which controllable costs are reduced and equipment availability is increased.
Controllable costs are the costs incurred due to improper decision during purchasing process
by selecting incompatible and cheap price items with out considering reliability and
maintainability, and costs incurred due to poor maintenance management system practiced
during operation. Thus, the main objective of this thesis is to examine the existing
maintenance of Walia Intercity Bus Service Enterprise (WIBSE) and recommend better
maintenance management system that enhances vehicle availability with reasonable
maintenance cost. The author believes upon implementation of the recommended
maintenance management system, availability of vehicles for transportation and useful life
are expected to increase due to minimizing of down time and abuse
Author Correction: Application of a convolutional neural network for predicting the occurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmia using heart rate variability features
No full textAn amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper
