867 research outputs found
Evolving paradigms of surgical education in Africa : historical contexts and outcomes
No full textThis thesis explores the historical background and evolution of surgical education in Africa and the shift towards an African-based postgraduate education by using specific case studies about a collegiate-based education under the College of Surgeons of East Central and Southern Africa (COSECSA) and a university-based surgical education in Ethiopia. It examines the change from extracontinental to intra-continental training models, assessing their impact on graduate retention, educational quality, and assessment methods.
The thesis starts by exploring the determinants of surgical training in Africa, highlighting the impact of colonialism and the “brain drain” phenomenon by utilizing two of my publications. It then outlines the establishment of Africa's leading surgical colleges and provides a case analysis of the College of Surgeons of East, Central, and Southern Africa (COSECSA). My key publications evaluate COSECSA's training impact on graduate retention, countering the "brain drain" myth and identifying retention factors for COSECSA-trained surgeons. Two additional papers are used to examine COSECSA’s quality assurance framework and innovative assessment methods, including the ENTRUST platform for evaluating clinical decision-making and the several factors that influenced exam performance among COSECSA trainees.
The thesis also includes an exploration of various innovations in education such as the integration of electronic surgical logbooks and the variations in operative case volume. My two papers demonstrate the effectiveness of such innovative approaches in competency-based learning in the region and offer practical recommendations for improving surgical training in Africa and similar contexts.
Finally, the thesis provides an analysis of Addis Ababa University’s general surgery residency program, based on four publications. This allows for scrutiny of its structure, educational strategies, outcomes, assessment tools, and role in addressing Ethiopia's surgical workforce needs. Textual narrative analysis and critical interpretive synthesis reveal central themes across these works, showcasing the colonial legacies influencing African surgical training structures
Geology of the Tekeze River basin (Northern Ethiopia)
No full textWe present a geologic map of the Tekeze River basin that covers an area of ∼69,000 km2 of northern Ethiopia. The map synthesizes new data collected in two campaigns between March, 2012 and January, 2013 and compiled at a scale of 1:500,000 with published geologic surveys. The map focuses on the main geologic and tectonic features relevant to a modern interpretation of the geologic evolution of northern Ethiopia and as such, it represents an important synthesis for environmental and natural resource management
Erosion-tectonics feedbacks in shaping the landscape: An example from the Mekele Outlier (Tigray, Ethiopia)
No full textAn outlier consists of an area of younger rocks surrounded by older ones. Its formation is mainly related to the erosion of surrounding rocks which causes the interruption of the original continuity of the rocks. Because of its origin, an outlier is an important witness of the paleogeography of a region and, therefore, essential to understand its topographic and geological evolution. The Mekele Outlier (N Ethiopia) is characterized by poorly incised Mesozoic marine sediments and dolerites (∼2000 m in elevation), surrounded by strongly eroded Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks and Tertiary volcanic deposits in a context of a mantle supported topography. In the past, studies about the Mekele outlier focused mainly in the mere description of the stratigraphic and tectonic settings without taking into account the feedback between surface and deep processes in shaping such peculiar feature. In this study we present the geological and geomorphometric analyses of the Mekele Outlier taking into account the general topographic features (slope map, swath profiles, local relief), the river network and the principal tectonic lineaments of the outlier. The results trace the evolution of the study area as related not only to the mere erosion of the surrounding rocks but to a complex interaction between surface and deep processes where the lithology played a crucial role
Geomorphological evolution and present-day processes in the Dessie Graben (Wollo, Ethiopia)
No full textsj-docx-1-his-10.1177_11786329231157467 – Supplemental material for Intravenous Immunoglobulin G (IVIG) Need Assessment Survey Toward Local Manufacturing of IVIG Using a Mini-Pool Plasma Fractionation Technique
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-his-10.1177_11786329231157467 for Intravenous Immunoglobulin G (IVIG) Need Assessment Survey Toward Local Manufacturing of IVIG Using a Mini-Pool Plasma Fractionation Technique by Bisrat Bekele, Zekarias Masresha, Mekdelawit Alemayehu, Berhanu Seyoum, Liya Wassie and Markos Abebe in Health Services Insights</p
RETRACTION NOTE: LONG TERM CLIMATE VARIABILITY, TREND AND DROUGHT OCCURRENCE: THE CASE OF LOKA ABAYA, ETHIOPIA
No full textThe Editor-in-Chief has withdrawn this article because we have clear evidence to that effect. Following
the report made through the Turnitin Software, in which the similarity index is 42% for strings of <5
words, the article ID - CEJGSD-0108: ''Long term climate variability, trend and drought occurrence: the case
of Loka Abaya, Ethiopia'', authors: Tesemash Abebe Makuria, Ethiopian Forest Development, Department
of Natural Forest and Climate Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Leta Bekele Gudina, Department of
Meteorological Data and Climatology, Ethiopian Meteorology Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, published
online on April 29, 2025, is retracted from the portfolio of volume 7, issue 1, 2025 of the Central European
Journal of Geography and Sustainable Development (CEJGSD), being suspected of plagiarism
Farmers' Post-Harvest Grain Management Choices under Liquidity Constraints and Impending Risks: Implications for Achieving Food Security Objectives in Ethiopia
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to explore into the relationships between farmers' post-harvest grain management practices/capacities on the one hand, and liquidity constraints and impending risks on the other, in the context of achieving food security objective at household and national levels. The findings are primarily based on a household survey data from 300 randomly selected major food grain producing peasant households in three rural districts of Ethiopia. Results indicate that farmers perceived post-harvest grain loss as an imminent risk, and that instant sales of grains after harvest are triggered by temporary but immediate liquidity preferences to meet various obligations in the absence of or limited sources of cash other than crops sales, and by an impending risk of post-harvest grain loss and the limited capacity to prevent it. While specific considerations are essential, the general policy implication is that post-harvest grain management needs to be taken on board as a matter of strategic policy concern, not just from the perspective of reducing losses but also from the view point of considering it as a viable and dynamic economic activity in terms of generation of employment, value addition and income linkages.post-harvest, liquidity, risk, grain loss, grain sales, price fluctuations, Crop Production/Industries, Food Security and Poverty, Q12, Q13, Q18,
Long-term, deep-mantle support of the Ethiopia-Yemen Plateau
No full textEthiopia is a key site to investigate the interactions between mantle dynamics and surface processes because of the presence of the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER), Cenozoic continental flood basalt volcanism, and plateau uplift. The role of mantle plumes in causing Ethiopia's flood basalts and tectonics has been commonly accepted. However, the location and number of plumes and their impact on surface uplift are still uncertain. Here we present new constraints on the geological and topographic evolution of the Ethiopian Plateau (NW Ethiopia) prior to and after the emplacement of the large flood basalts (40-20 Ma). Using geological information and topographic reconstructions, we show that the large topographic dome that we see today is a long-term feature, already present prior to the emplacement of the flood basalts. We also infer that large-scale doming operated even after the emplacement of the flood basalts. Using a comparison with the present-day topographic setting, we show that an important component of the topography has been and is presently represented by a residual, nonisostatic, dynamic contribution. We conclude that the growth of the Ethiopian Plateau is a long-term, probably still active, dynamically supported process. Our arguments provide constraints on the processes leading to the formation of one of the largest igneous plateaus on Earth
Evolution of continental-scale drainage in response to mantle dynamics and surface processes: An example from the Ethiopian Highlands
No full textEthiopia offers an excellent opportunity to study the effects and linkage between mantle dynamics and surface
processes on landscape evolution. The Ethiopian Highlands (NWEthiopia), characterized by a huge basaltic plateau,
is part of the African Superswell, awide region of dynamically-supported anomalously high topography related
to the rising of the Afar plume. The initiation and steadiness of dynamic support beneath Ethiopia has been
explored in several studies. However the presence, role, and timing of dynamic support beneath Ethiopia and its
relationship with continental flood basalts volcanismand surface processes are poorly defined. Here, we present
a geomorphological analysis of the Ethiopian Highlands supplying new constraints on the evolution of river network.
We investigated the general topographic features (filtered topography, swath profiles, local relief) and the
river network (river longitudinal profiles) of the study area.Wealso apply a knickpoint celerity model in order to
provide a chronological framework to the evolution of the river network. The results trace the long-term progressive
capture of the Ethiopian Highlands drainage system and confirm the long-term dynamic support of the area,
documenting its impact on the contrasting development of the Blue Nile and Tekeze basins
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