1,361,846 research outputs found
Oral history interview with Dr. Yewelsew Abebe
No full textYewelsew Abebe, a 2003 graduate of Oklahoma State University (OSU) with a doctorate in Human Environmental Sciences with an emphasis in Nutritional Sciences, discusses her reasons for choosing her field of study and how she hopes to impact her home country of Ethiopia. Abebe talks about her work and education prior to coming to OSU and about being a woman seeking higher education.The O-STATE Stories Oral History collection is comprised of interviews which chronicle the rich history, heritage, and traditions of Oklahoma State University
Supplementary files for the article "Atypical fibroxanthoma and pleomorphic dermal sarcoma: Local recurrence and metastasis in a nationwide population-based cohort of 1118 patients"
No full textSupplementary files for the article "Atypical fibroxanthoma and pleomorphic dermal sarcoma: Local recurrence and metastasis in a nationwide population-based cohort of 1118 patients"Authors: Mathias Ørholt, MD1; Kiya Abebe, BMSc1; Louise E. Rasmussen, BMSc1; Frederik L. Aaberg, BMSc1; Lærke J. Lindskov, BMSc1; Grethe Schmidt, MD1; Anne Lene Wagenblast, MD1; Michael M. Petersen, MD, DMSc2; Anand C. Loya, MD3; Søren Daugaard, MD3; Mikkel Herly, MD, Ph.d.1,4; David Hebbelstrup Jensen, MD, Ph.d.1; Peter Vester-Glowinski, MD, Ph.d.
Adverse birth outcome: a comparative analysis between cesarean section and vaginal delivery at Felegehiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective record review [Corrigendum]
No full textAbebe Eyowas F, Negasi AK, Aynalem GE, Worku AG. Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics. 2016;7:65–70On page 65 Abel Fekadu Dadi should have been listed as an author. The incorrect author list was:Fantu Abebe Eyowas1Ashebir Kidane Negasi1Gizachew Eyassu Aynalem1Abebaw Gebeyehu Worku2The correct author list should have been:Fantu Abebe Eyowas1Ashebir Kidane Negasi1Gizachew Eyassu Aynalem1Abebaw Gebeyehu Worku2Abel Fekadu Dadi2Read the original articl
Abebe the Calf (1976)
No full textIn 1976, Abebe the Calf was kept alive for 184 days with a Kolff artificial heart
Spatial and temporal variation in crop diversity in agroforestry homegardens of southern Ethiopia
No full textA key assumption in many homegarden studies is that homegardens are ecologically and socio-economically sustainable due to their species diversity. The precise relation between diversity and sustainability is still heavily debated, however. A basic question is how diversity in homegardens can best be characterized in view of the various dimensions of species diversity and their variation in time and space. This paper assesses different types of species diversity in the homegardens of Sidama region of southern Ethiopia. In a survey of crop species in 144 homegardens a total of 78 cultivated crop species (excluding trees) belonging to 10 functional groups were recorded; there were on average 16 crop species and 8 functional groups per farm. Within homegardens, plots differ in species composition and crop diversity. Four types of homegarden systems are distinguished differing in both type and area-share of dominant species, relative orientation at subsistence or cash production and overall crop diversity. The gradual replacement of enset by maize and of coffee by more financially attractive cash crops khat and pineapple causes a decrease in overall crop diversity. Our data demonstrate that it is incorrect to consider homegardens as generic systems with a uniform distribution of species diversity: important within and between homegarden variation exists. Ecological and socio-economic sustainability is not just related to species diversity per se, but rather to more specific features such as presence of keystone species and diversity in functional species groups. Socio-economic sustainability in terms of adjustment to socio-economic change implies dynamics in species diversit
Amphibian diversity, distribution and conservation in the Ethiopian highlands : morphological, molecular and biogeographic investigation on Leptopelis and Ptychadena (Anura)
No full textLittle is known about the diversity, distribution and population status of Ethiopian amphibians in general, and most of the existing knowledge is based on field data recorded about three decades ago or earlier. There are almost no genetic data available for molecular systematics studies. Species of the Tree Frogs (Leptopelis Günther 1859) and Grassland Frogs (Ptychadena Boulenger 1917) are solely distributed in Africa (mainly sub-Saharan), with 52 and 53 known species, respectively. Six species of Leptopelis and thirteen species of Ptychadena were recorded in Ethiopia. Together these two genera comprise 30% of all known species of amphibians in Ethiopia. Many of these species (five Leptopelis and five Ptychadena) are said to be endemic to the Ethiopian Highlands that are part of the Eastern Afromontane Biodiversity Hotspot. Geographically, the Ethiopian Highlands are bisected by the Rift Valley, and further fragmented by valleys and gorges, and comprise the highest concentration of elevated ground in Africa. Earlier taxonomic studies were mainly based on morphological and ecological studies, making it difficult to identify most species in museum collections or during field work. In addition, limited sampling from the geographic areas of each species made it difficult to make good estimates of the ranges of species, and to prioritize them for conservation.
The main objectives of this study are, using Leptopelis and Ptychadena as model taxa, 1) to explore the diversity and phylogeography of some amphibians in the Ethiopian Highlands and parts of the Rift Valley; 2) to preliminarily explain the geo-climatic events that are associated with the evolutionary history of these taxa; and 3) to re-evaluate the conservation status of species and their habitats by associating phylogenetic, biogeographic and ecological information. We tested hypotheses pertaining to correspondence of traditional morphological taxonomy versus molecular phylogeny, biogeographic distinctness of distribution patterns, evolutionary history of diversification, and evaluation of conservation status of species and populations in the highlands.
The field sampling conducted between 2006 and 2010 from several localities across and within the Ethiopian Rift Valley was substantial, but not enough, to fully assess the phylogeography of the above genera. This assessment, conducted for the first time for Ethiopian Leptopelis and Ptychadena, was done using partial mitochondrial DNA sequences of the 12S and 16S genes. Estimation of phylogenetic relationships and divergence times was made using Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony methods. Morphological observations were made on fresh collections, holotypes and non-type museum materials. Biogeographic patterns were assessed using geographic distribution data. Geographic and spatial data were combined with new phylogenetic groupings to assess geographic ranges and habitat status of populations and species. We followed a new approach of ‘elevation-based’ extent of occurrence (instead of the simple polygons applied in the IUCN Red List maps) to estimate geographic ranges. Results were compared and evaluated with previous reports and online database.
Despite the wide taxonomic variation between the studied genera (Leptopelis and Ptychaena), we found similarities in some of their major taxonomic problems, as well as evolutionary, biogeographic and conservation aspects. The similarities are in: overlaps in many morphological characters (conservatism) among different species; misleading variation in some physical features within a population/species (homoplasy); monophyly of highland endemic species; cryptic phylo-groups embedded within known clades; relatively low genetic distance between species and recent evolutionary divergence times; habitat status and threats for survival of populations.
In both genera, the reconstructed phylogenetic relationships showed that the highland endemic species form well-supported monophyletic groups: the ‘Ethiopian Highland Leptopelis species group’, and the ‘Ptychadena cooperi species group’. Cryptic diversity of highland endemics was revealed, highlighting the possibility of having six candidate species (at least two Leptopelis and four Ptychadena) awaiting description. Two presumed lowland endemic species of Ptychadena (P. filwoha and P. harenna) were genetically found to be conspecific with other widely distributed (non-endemic) lowland species (P. mascareniensis and P. anchietae, respectively).
Wide overlaps in several morphological features made identification of some closely related species populations difficult. New diagnostic features were identified to characterize some of the most difficult groups (e.g., presence of spicules in males of P. neumanni contrasted with absence in P. erlangeri or P. nana).
As compared with some other African species for which molecular data are available, relatively small evolutionary distances were found among the highland species within each genus, explained by a possibly very recent radiation as estimated in the corresponding divergence times. Diversification of the highland endemics was probably associated with formation of the Ethiopian Highlands by volcanic activities and uplifting, and accompanying climatic changes between 30 and 6 Mya.
We observed congruence of phylogenetic groups with clear patterns of geographic distribution, allowing us to identify distinct biogeographic categories that can potentially serve as units for conservation of Ethiopian amphibians. The Rift Valley and major river gorges appear important horizontal barriers delimiting geographic ranges of most species. There is no considerable vertical (altitudinal) segregation of the highland populations in the two genera.
The highland Leptopelis and Ptychadena comprise more diverse endemic species (16) than known before (10), contributing substantially to the biodiversity value of the Ethiopian Highlands. While range extension is revealed for some species in the current study, there is unfortunately a substantial reduction for others from what has been proposed previously. Land cover data and our field observation of many parts of the country for about two decades indicate that large parts of the suitable highland habitats for most species of Leptopelis and Ptychadena are severely degraded and fragmented by human activities. Lakes are drying, levels of rivers are decreasing, and the wooded and grassland vegetation of the highlands and the Rift Valley is being lost. Our revised assessment of populations showed that nine of the 16 studied species appear to be threatened at different levels. This implies an urgent need for revision of existing conservation status of these taxa to protect them in rapidly changing environments. Further work is needed in the areas of phylogeography, taxonomy, and natural history of populations and species in areas that are not covered in this study
Trans Rights: A detailed analysis of access to gender affirming treatments by minors and the differing approaches taken by Member States in the European Union
No full textIn this paper the author will be discussing the varying approaches by Member States in the European Union regarding the rights of Minors to access/undertake gender affirming treatments. This paper shall have a particular focus on the varying approaches taken by the Republic of Ireland, United Kingdom and the Netherlands in minors having access to gender affirming treatments. The Netherlands has developed a protocol for gender affirming intervention which has been deemed to be the benchmark for providing treatment for minors suffering from gender dysphoria. The protocol developed by the Netherland vastly differs from other Member States such as the United Kingdom and Ireland. The basis for the differing views by such member states lies on the basis of health officials that intervention can be a detriment to minors instead of having a benefit. The varying approaches by Member States raises the question of what can be considered to be the appropriate approach to be undertaken in providing gender affirming treatment to minors and the lines that must be drawn between what can be considered in what is deemed to be providing minors with the right to receive appropriate care against what can be considered to be medical malpractice
Abebe Retta, the Reformist in the Imperial Haile Silassie I’s Government: A Political Biography
No full textThis paper gives for the first time a brief examination of the political and cultural career of Abebe Retta, 1908–1974. Abebe was one of the court officials and diplomats who joined the absolutist monarchial state in the post-1941 period and one of the figures that have not recently been the subject of individual biographies. Thus far, Abebe has been a little-noticed figure in Ethiopian historical narrative and documentation. Born in Hareqo, Tigray, from a rural-farming family, Abebe eventually succeeded in occupying middle positions in the restored Imperial Government, thereby highlighting some of the integrative approach of the absolute monarchy. In this respect, Abebe did not only manage to occupy the center stage of Ethiopian politics, particularly in the late 1950s and 1960s, but he also succeeded in winning Emperor Haile Silassie’s favor and respect. Abebe was successively chosen for ambassadorial and ministerial posts. He was assigned to attend and participate in various supranational and Pan-African conferences, such as the Accra Conference and the conferences of the UN Economic Commission for Africa, and was designated to chair the Ethiopian delegation at the UN at different times and capacities. It appears to have been his lot to be assigned to morbid ministerial positions, which he tried to transform into vibrant institutions through his vision and industry. By using oral and archival sources, largely collected from government offices and private collections, this study presents archetypal accounts of Abebe’s political and cultural views vis-à-vis the nature of the twentieth-century Ethiopian government.  
Dentro desse mar tem rio: os movimentos do Abebe para um fazer artístico sobre território
No full textThis dissertation work proposes a theoretical movement based on the cosmopoetics of the relationship between water and the occupation of the Territory. In this work I propose an artistic investigation considering Abebe as a theory and methodology to recognize the African and Indigenous diasporas through the waters with Matripotence. With this, I propose the possibility of Abebe movements as an artistic practice on the territory for a process of Ancestral and counter-colonial Education in Architecture and Urbanism.Este trabalho de dissertação propõe uma movimentação teórica a partir da cosmopoética da relação das águas com a ocupação do Território. Neste trabalho, propõe-se uma investigação artística pensando o Abebe como teoria e metodologia para reconhecer as diásporas Africanas e Indígenas através das águas com a Matripotência. Com isto, proponho a possibilidade dos movimentos do Abebe como prática artística sobre o território para um processo de Educação Ancestral e contracolonial em Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Replication Data for: Predictors of Delayed Initiation of Breast Milk and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Ethiopia: A Multi-level Mixed-effect Analysis
No full textBackground: Despite the well-established benefits of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months to promote optimal neonatal and child health, evidence indicates that in Ethiopia, a significant number of newborns initiate breastfeeding late, do not adhere to exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the recommended duration, and instead are fed with bottles.
Objective: To determine the proportion of delayed initiation of breast milk, exclusive breastfeeding, and its individual and community-level predictors among mothers in Ethiopia.
Methods: A secondary data analysis was done using the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health Survey data. We examined a weighted sample of 2,012 children born within the past 24 months and 623 children aged 0-5 months at the time of the survey. The data analysis was done using STATA version 15. To understand the variation in delayed initiation and exclusive breastfeeding, statistical measures such as the Intraclass correlation coefficient, median odds ratio, and proportional change in variance were calculated. We employed a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model to identify predictors for each outcome variable. Statistical significance was determined with a p-value < 0.05.
Results: The proportion of delayed initiation of breast milk and exclusive breastfeeding were 24.56 and 84.5%, respectively. Women aged 34-49 years old (AOR = 0.33: 95% CI; 0.15 - 0.72), having a television in the house (AOR = 0.74: 95%CI; 0.33 - 0.97), delivered by cesarean section (AOR = 3.83: 95% CI; 1.57 - 9.32), and resided in the Afar regional state (AOR = 1.43: 95%CI; 1.03 - 12.7) were significantly associated with delayed initiation of breast milk. On the other hand, attended primary education (AOR = 0.67: 95%CI; 0.35 – 0.99), secondary education (AOR = 0.34: 95%CI; 0.19 – 0.53), women whose household headed by male (AOR = 0.68; 95% CI; 0.34 - 0.97), and rural residents (AOR = 1.98: 95%CI; 1.09 - 3.43) were significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding practice.
Conclusion: Health promotion efforts that encourage timely initation of breast milk and promote EBF, focused on young mothers, those who gave birth through cesarean section, and those residing in urban and the Afar regional state. Furthermore, government health policymakers and relevant stakeholders should consider these identified predictors when revising existing strategies or formulating new policies
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