1,471 research outputs found
Journal Research Data Policy Across Disciplines: Comparison Between 2014 and 2019
No full textJournal Research Data Policy Across Disciplines: Comparison Between 2014 and 2019.IKEUCHI Ui, ABE Manabu, HAYASHI Kazuhiro, NOMURA Norimasa, OKAYAMA Nobuya, OWASHI Mizuho, SUMITOMO Kenichi, TAKAHASHI Nanako, TODA Yuko, NOSE Masahito.Research Data Utilization Forum (RDUF), Research Data Citation (RDC) Subcommittee.Presented at the Research Data Alliance (RDA) 14th Plenary Meeting, Helsinki, October 23 - 25, 2019
Chymase-positive mast cells in small sized adenocarcinoma of the lung
No full textMast cells accumulate in angiogenesis-dependent situations of lung adenocarcinoma. Human mast cells are divided into two major subsets: MCT (mast cells with immunoreactivity for tryptase but not chymase) and MCTC (reactive for tryptase and chymase). Chymase is an important mediator of tissue remodeling, but research into chymase-containing mast cell subpopulations has been hampered by the lack of reagents suitable for use with formalin-fixed tissue. We stained chymase using CC1 antibody in 66 cases of small sized lung adenocarcinoma as well as CD34 and tryptase. There were significant positive correlations of microvessel counts with MCT-type and MCTC-type mast cell counts in lung adenocarcinomas. When analyzed according to Noguchi''s classification, MCT-type and MCTC-type mast cells were significantly increased in Noguchi type-C tumors [localized bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (LBAC) with active fibroblastic proliferation] compared with in Noguchi type-A (LBAC) plus type-B tumors (LBAC with alveolar collapse). Members in the high-count group of MCTC-type but not MCT-type mast cells showed a significantly worse outcome than those in the low-count group in LBACs. Counting chymase-positive (MCTC-type) mast cells in tumor stroma may be a good prognosis predictor for LBACs, especially Noguchi type-C tumors
Letter from children of Kihichi Sakamoto to Project Director [Raymond R. Best], February 14, 1944
No full textLetter from three of his children, Tatsuo, Manabu, and Osamu Sakamoto, requests the release of their father, Kihichi Sakamoto, from the Army Stockade, for the sake of their mother's "health and mind" stating that she has been ill since their stay in Heart Mountain the previous year and has suffered a relapse upon her husband's imprisonment in the stockade; the letter states that, according to her doctor, a lack of kindness and peace of mind regarding this request for release could prove lethal to her.The Willard Schmidt collection, documents some of the administrative duties of Willard Schmidt, the Chief of Internal Security for the War Relocation Authority and the Tule Lake incarceration/segregation camp. This collection contains administrative records and photos documenting the Tule Lake camp, the largest incarceration camp with a peak population of 18,789 and with the most turbulent history. In 1943, the camp was turned into a segregation center to house "disloyal" Japanese Americans relocated from other camps based on their answers to a confusing loyalty questionnaire. The camp endured martial law from November 1943- Jan 1944 after escalating protests and unrest. The hostile environment of the camp lead to many incarcerees renouncing their American citizenship upon the end of incarceration, a process which took 14 years to reverse if they did not wish to be deported to Japan
Validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography method for thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity in whole blood using 6-mercaptopurine as substrate
No full textAbstractBackground:Variation in metabolism, toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of thiopurine drugs is largely influenced by genetic polymorphisms in the thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) gene. Determination of TPMT activity is routinely performed in patients to adjust drug therapy.Methods:We further optimized a previously established high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method by measuring TPMT activity in whole blood instead of isolated erythrocytes, which is based on conversion of 6-mercaptopurine to 6-methylmercaptopurine using S-adenosyl-methionine as methyl donor.Results:The simplified TPMT whole-blood method showed similar or better analytical and diagnostic performance compared with the former erythrocyte assay. The whole-blood method was linear for TPMT activities between 0 and 40 nmol/(mL·h) with a quantification limit of 0.1 nmol/(mL·h). Within-day imprecision and between-day imprecision were ≤5.1% and ≤8.5%, respectively. The optimized method determining TPMT activity in whole blood (y) showed agreement with the former method determining TPMT activity in erythrocytes (x) (n=45, y=1.218+0.882x; p>0.05). Phenotype-genotype concordance (n=300) of the whole-blood method was better when TPMT activity was expressed per volume of whole blood (specificity 92.2%), whereas correction for hematocrit resulted in lower genotype concordance (specificity 86.9%). A new cutoff for the whole-blood method to distinguish normal from reduced TPMT activity was determined at ≤6.7 nmol/(mL·h).Conclusions:This optimized TPMT phenotyping assay from whole blood using 6-MP as substrate is suitable for research and routine clinical analysis.</jats:sec
Antiemetic efficacy of high-dose hydrocortisone in patients receiving cisplatin therapy
No full textCisplatin療法にhydrocortisone succinateを使用し, 消化器合併症を4段階評価で査定した.1) Cisplatin 7～20 mg/m2/日×5日間を中心とする多剤併用療法にhydrocortisone 900～1, 800 mg/日を使用した場合, 嘔気, 嘔吐回数, 食欲不振の症状は有意に軽減した.2) Cisplatin 30～40 mg/m2/日×1日を中心とする多剤併用療法では, hydrocortisone 1, 500～2, 400 mgの使用は, 化学療法日の嘔吐回数を改善しなかった.3)大量のhydrocortisoneが5日間連用された場合, 液性免疫の低下が認められたThe effect of high-dose hydrocortisone on the emesis of patients treated with cisplatin was examined by controlled trial on 37 patients and 52 courses of chemotherapy with cisplatin combined with other cytotoxic drugs. Patients received either high-dose hydrocortisone or standard-dose of conventional antiemetics 30 minutes before chemotherapy, 4 hours after chemotherapy, and an additional dose was followed 8 hours after chemotherapy in some instances. Hydrocortisone in a dosage of 900-1, 800 mg reduced cisplatin-induced nausea, vomiting and anorexia significantly when the dose of cisplatin was less than 20 mg/m2. At the dose of 1, 500-2, 400 mg, hydrocortisone had no efficacy for the gastro-intestinal toxicity when 30-40 mg/m2 of cisplatin was administered. After the high-dose hydrocortisone treatment for five days successively, the serum immunoglobulin level was lowered significantly. This study showed that high-dose hydrocortisone treatment was effective as an antiemetic in patients given a relatively low dose of cisplatin. However, prolonged use of high-dose steroids should be avoided. Other effective antiemetics such as metoclopramide with concomitant use of hydrocortisone would be helpful
Analytical evaluation of a real-time PCR-based DNA demethylation assay to assess the frequency of naturally occurring regulatory T cells in peripheral blood
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Cytomatrix proteins CAST and ELKS regulate retinal photoreceptor development and maintenance.
No full textAt the presynaptic active zone (AZ), the related cytomatrix proteins CAST and ELKS organize the presynaptic release machinery. While CAST is known to regulate AZ size and neurotransmitter release, the role of ELKS and the integral system of CAST/ELKS together is poorly understood. Here, we show that CAST and ELKS have both redundant and unique roles in coordinating synaptic development, function, and maintenance of retinal photoreceptor ribbon synapses. A CAST/ELKS double knockout (dKO) mouse showed high levels of ectopic synapses and reduced responses to visual stimulation. Ectopic formation was not observed in ELKS conditional KO but progressively increased with age in CAST KO mice with higher rates in the dKO. Presynaptic calcium influx was strongly reduced in rod photoreceptors of CAST KO and dKO mice. Three-dimensional scanning EM reconstructions showed structural abnormalities in rod triads of CAST KO and dKO. Remarkably, AAV-mediated acute ELKS deletion after synapse maturation induced neurodegeneration and loss of ribbon synapses. These results suggest that CAST and ELKS work in concert to promote retinal synapse formation, transmission, and maintenance
Sydnone Photochemistry: Formation of Nitrenes
No full textBegue, Didier Miri, Maryam Taherpour, Avat Arman Abe, Manabu Wentrup, Curt eng 2025/08/15 J Org Chem. 2025 Aug 29;90(34):12163-12169. doi: 10.1021/acs.joc.5c01317. Epub 2025 Aug 15.Photolysis of 3-phenyl- and 3-(3-pyridyl)-sydnones 9 in Ar matrices is known to furnish Earl's bicyclic lactone (bicyclo[2.1.0]oxadiazolone) 10 followed by the elimination of CO(2) and the formation of carbodiimides 6. Laser photolysis of 3-arylsydnones at 266 nm in an MTHF matrix at 5 K generates triplet arylnitrenes 8, which are characterized by their zero-field splitting parameters determined from their electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra. The potential routes from nitrile imines 3, diazirines 4, imidoylnitrenes 5, and carbodiimides 6 to arylnitrenes 8 are investigated computationally at the M06-2X/6-311+G(d,p) level. Imidoylnitrenes 5 are the key intermediates in the matrix photolyses of sydnones as well as tetrazoles, whereby the triplet states of 5 dissociate to a nitrene (8) and a nitrile, and the open-shell singlet state rearranges to a carbodiimide 6; these two processes have nearly the same activation energies of 20-22 kcal/mol
<Research Report>Coherent terahertz emission from high-temperature superconductors
No full textSince the first demonstration of intense, continuous, coherent terahertz emission from a stack of intrinsic Josephson junctions (IJJs) in high transition temperature superconductor Bi[2]Sr[2]CaCu[2]O[8+δ], terahertz generation utilizing IJJ stacks has become a major topic of research, both in terms of experiment and theory. In this Research Report, the author reviews basic research on the superconducting IJJ terahertz sources. The author will present a couple of recent topics: For example, direct imaging of local temperature distributions in the emitting IJJ stack using a fluorescent technique
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