302 research outputs found
HABITUAL ACTION DALAM KEPEMIMPINAN SPIRITUAL
No full textToward leadership crisis that crashed the nation of Indonesia, one of the
factors contributors come from universities, concerning Higher Education is a
nursery area of society and the national leaders. To overcome the crisis, it needed to
repair the leadership models that are able to change and improve social and national
life. The mandate of the university is shaping and sharpening thinking of the
lecturers, students, and alumni to always siding, thinking and acting for the benefit
and improvement of the surrounding communities. One alternative models of
leadership that are relevant to college is spiritual leadership.
Spiritual leadership has been tested and researched by Louis W. Fry ( 2003)
along with the comrades in the context of different organizations and the results
show the possibility of the application of this theoretical model for various types of
organizations. According to Fry spiritual leadership is the incorporation of the
necessary values, attitudes and behaviors to motivate intrinsically oneselves and
others to be such a way so that they have a sense of spiritual defense through the call
of duty and membership.
Spiritual leadership model is studied by the author in STAIN Purwokerto, as
Islamic educational institutions which incidentally has been practicing spiritual
values in their environment. The study was conducted using qualitative research and
case study approach.
Spiritual leadership in STAIN Purwokerto is constructed based on three
important things: First, the existence of spiritual values that were held by leaders and
serve as an ideology or belief to motivate himself and others. Spiritual values are
values such are togetherness, belief or determination, and obeying the rules. Second,
building tradition of spiritual leadership that is reflected in the actions taken by
leaders in achieving the vision to be achieved by STAIN Purwokerto. The habitual
process is done by sticking to spiritual values carried. Then it is implemented by
issuing flagship programs supported by strategic policies carried out intensively so
that it becomes a regular agenda of the academic community and staff as well as to
produce a healthy organizational culture and quality. Third, organizational culture is
fostered by building a dynamic atmosphere, full of family-like-feeling, cooperation,
open and respectful in terms of spiritual, intellectual and professional. The efforts are
made from simple things and daily life by providing deep meaning so that it can be
used as a driver towards the direction of progress
HABITUAL ACTION DALAM KEPEMIMPINAN SPIRITUAL
No full textToward leadership crisis that crashed the nation of Indonesia, one of thefactors contributors come from universities, concerning Higher Education is anursery area of society and the national leaders. To overcome the crisis, it needed torepair the leadership models that are able to change and improve social and nationallife. The mandate of the university is shaping and sharpening thinking of thelecturers, students, and alumni to always siding, thinking and acting for the benefitand improvement of the surrounding communities. One alternative models ofleadership that are relevant to college is spiritual leadership.Spiritual leadership has been tested and researched by Louis W. Fry ( 2003)along with the comrades in the context of different organizations and the resultsshow the possibility of the application of this theoretical model for various types oforganizations. According to Fry spiritual leadership is the incorporation of thenecessary values, attitudes and behaviors to motivate intrinsically oneselves andothers to be such a way so that they have a sense of spiritual defense through the callof duty and membership.Spiritual leadership model is studied by the author in STAIN Purwokerto, asIslamic educational institutions which incidentally has been practicing spiritualvalues in their environment. The study was conducted using qualitative research andcase study approach.Spiritual leadership in STAIN Purwokerto is constructed based on threeimportant things: First, the existence of spiritual values that were held by leaders andserve as an ideology or belief to motivate himself and others. Spiritual values arevalues such are togetherness, belief or determination, and obeying the rules. Second,building tradition of spiritual leadership that is reflected in the actions taken byleaders in achieving the vision to be achieved by STAIN Purwokerto. The habitualprocess is done by sticking to spiritual values carried. Then it is implemented byissuing flagship programs supported by strategic policies carried out intensively sothat it becomes a regular agenda of the academic community and staff as well as toproduce a healthy organizational culture and quality. Third, organizational culture isfostered by building a dynamic atmosphere, full of family-like-feeling, cooperation,open and respectful in terms of spiritual, intellectual and professional. The efforts aremade from simple things and daily life by providing deep meaning so that it can beused as a driver towards the direction of progress .</jats:p
PENGARUH PERSEPSI KONTROL PERILAKU, PENGETAHUAN PAJAK DAN PERSEPSI KEADILAN PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK
No full textThis research aims to analyze the factors that influence taxpayer compliance people doing free work or business activities in fulfilling the obligations of their tax. This research consists of three independent variables and the one dependent variable. The independent variable in this research is the perception of control behavior, tax knowledge and tax fairness perception. While the dependent variable in this study is the tax compliance. This research uses techniques of convenience sampling with a number of sample as much as 178 respondents and survey with questionnaire method in the collection of the data. Respondents who were sampled in this study are the tax payers private person who did free work or business activities registered in the Tax Services Office of Jakarta Matraman, Tax Service Office of Jakarta Duren Sawit, Tax Service Office of Jakarta Jatinegara, and Tax Services Office of Jakarta Kramat Jati. The analysis of research data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) variance-based or so-called Component Based SEM by using SmartPLS software version 2.0. Based on the results of the data processing and analysis of the research that has been done shows that the perception of control doesn’t affect behavior significantly to tax compliance, tax knowledge influence significantly to perceptions of tax fairness and tax compliance and tax fairness perceptions influence significantly to tax complianc
Engineering polymer blend microparticles: An investigation into the influence of polymer blend distribution and interaction
No full textThe aim of this work was to understand the influence of polymer interaction and distribution on drug release from microparticles fabricated from blends of polymers. Blends of pH dependent polymer (Eudragit S, soluble above pH 7) and pH independent polymer (Eudragit RL, Eudragit RS or ethylcellulose) were incorporated into prednisolone loaded microparticles using a novel emulsion solvent evaporation method. Microparticles fabricated from blends of Eudragit S and Eudragit RL or RS did not modify drug release compared to microparticles fabricated from Eudragit S alone. This can be attributed to the high degree of miscibility of Eudragit S with Eudragit RS or Eudragit RL within the microparticles as confirmed by glass transition temperature measurements and confocal laser scanning microscopy. In contrast, microparticles prepared from blends of Eudragit S (75%) and ethylcellulose (25%) extended the release of prednisolone at pH 7.4 (compared to Eudragit S microparticles). This change in release profile was related to the immiscibility of Eudragit S and ethylcellulose as assessed by thermal analysis, and confirmed by microscopy which showed pores within the microparticle structures following dissolution of the Eudragit S domains. The ability of water insoluble polymers to extend drug release from enteric polymer microparticles is dependent on the miscibility and interaction of the polymers. This knowledge is important in the design of pH responsive microparticles capable of extending drug release in the gastrointestinal tract
In-process crystallization of acidic drugs in acrylic microparticle systems: Influence of physical factors and drug-polymer interactions
No full textEmulsion–solvent evaporation is an established method to fabricate amorphous drug-loaded microparticles. In some cases, however, the encapsulated drug is present in its crystalline form, which can affect drug release and negatively impact on other characteristics of the final product. This work aimed to investigate the factors that are responsible for the formation (and inhibition) of drug crystals in modified-release microparticles. Five acidic drugs were encapsulated into Eudragit S or Eudragit L microparticles. Drug crystallinity was observed when indometacin and naproxen were encapsulated, while crystallization was not observed in the case of ketoprofen, salicylic acid, or paracetamol (acetaminophen). All drug-loaded microparticles had single glass transition temperature (Tg) intermediate between the Tg of the drug and that of the polymer. The drop in Tg in the case of the paracetamol-loaded particles was higher than predicted from the Gordon–Taylor equation, indicating that paracetamol was acting as a plasticizer in this system. After melt quenching in the presence of the Eudragit polymers, the crystallization of paracetamol was inhibited. The ratio of drug to polymer in the microparticles was the major determinant of drug crystallization, as was the solubility of the drug in the processing solvent. This work confirms that drug crystallization is a complex phenomenon, and that drug–polymer molecular interactions play a role in the inhibition of drug crystallization
Truncation of the processive Cel5A of<i>Thermotoga maritima</i>results in soluble expression and several fold increase in activity
No full text3D and 4D Printing in Digital Healthcare
No full textThree-dimensional (3D) printing is a digital manufacturing system that is transforming pharmaceutical production by empowering patients to play an active role in the treatment process. Along with its dynamic form, namely, four-dimensional (4D) printing, this technology can challenge boundaries across industries. Within healthcare, their digital features make them well suited for designing and formulating countless drug products with properties personalised to the needs and preferences of individual patients. Although not fully embraced, it has been predicted that 3D printing would work in synchronisation with other cyber technologies, giving rise to a modern healthcare era based on continuous patient care. This book chapter will summarise the history of 3D and 4D printing and provide an insight on their use for personalised medicine. This will be followed by a futuristic vision of its role in a modern digital healthcare model
Sex-specific formulations of doxazosin mesylate via direct powder extrusion 3D printing
No full textMales and females are known to exhibit significant differences in drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, which are still overlooked in pharmaceutical research and development. These disparities contribute to adverse effects and increased mortality in females, highlighting the critical need for sex-specific formulations. Extended-release formulations of doxazosin mesylate, an alpha blocker used to treat hypertension, have shown significant sex-based differences in pharmacokinetics, leading to heightened adverse effects in females and rendering current titration recommendations impractical. This study explored the potential of a 3D printing (3DP) technology, direct powder extrusion (DPE), for producing personalised, sex-specific doses of doxazosin mesylate. A simple three component formulation was made composed of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) polymer Klucel JF, D-mannitol, and doxazosin mesylate. Extended-release printlets of varying doses (1, 2, and 3 mg) were manufactured from a single 1% w/w doxazosin pharma-ink batch, enabling easy dose personalisation by adjusting the printlet dimensions. The use of a single pharma-ink supports the technology’s ease of use in a pharmacy setting, by eliminating frequent pharma-ink changes during the pharmaceutical compounding process. In vitro dissolution testing revealed an extended drug release profile, influenced by surface-area-to-volume (SA: V) ratios. Introducing channels in larger printlets standardized the SA: V ratios, enhancing release profile uniformity. Release kinetics followed the Hixson-Crowell and Korsmeyer-Peppas models, indicating diffusion and polymer swelling mechanisms. This work highlights the capability of DPE 3DP for creating personalized, extended-release oral dosage forms, supporting precise dose customization for patient-specific therapy
A paradigm shift in enteric coating: Achieving rapid release in the proximal small intestine of man
No full textThe in vivo performance of a novel enteric double-coating technology designed to accelerate release in the proximal small intestine of humans was investigated. Tablet cores were coated with a double layer formulation consisting of an inner layer of EUDRAGIT® L 30 D-55 neutralised to pH 6.0 in the presence of 10% citric acid, and an outer layer of standard EUDRAGIT® L 30 D-55. A conventional single coating of EUDRAGIT® L 30 D-55 was also applied to tablets for comparison purposes, with the identical coating formulation and thickness (5 mg/cm2) as the outer layer of the double coating. Eight fasted volunteers received the double-coated and single-coated tablets in a two-way crossover study. The formulations were radiolabelled and followed by gamma scintigraphy; the disintegration times and positions were recorded. After leaving the stomach, tablets coated with the single-coating formulation showed a significant time delay before disintegration occurred in the mid to distal small intestine, with a mean disintegration time of 66 ± 22 min post gastric emptying. The double-coated tablets disintegrated earlier at 28 ± 6 min post gastric emptying with consistent disintegration in the proximal small intestine. The accelerated in vivo disintegration of the double-coating system can overcome the limitations of conventional enteric coating
To infinity and beyond: Strategies for fabricating medicines in outer space
No full textRecent advancements in next generation spacecrafts have reignited public excitement over life beyond Earth. However, to safeguard the health and safety of humans in the hostile environment of space, innovation in pharmaceutical manufacturing and drug delivery deserves urgent attention. In this review/commentary, the current state of medicines provision in space is explored, accompanied by a forward look on the future of pharmaceutical manufacturing in outer space. The hazards associated with spaceflight, and their corresponding medical problems, are first briefly discussed. Subsequently, the infeasibility of present-day medicines provision systems for supporting deep space exploration is examined. The existing knowledge gaps on the altered clinical effects of medicines in space are evaluated, and suggestions are provided on how clinical trials in space might be conducted. An envisioned model of on-site production and delivery of medicines in space is proposed, referencing emerging technologies (e.g. Chemputing, synthetic biology, and 3D printing) being developed on Earth that may be adapted for extra-terrestrial use. This review concludes with a critical analysis on the regulatory considerations necessary to facilitate the adoption of these technologies and proposes a framework by which these may be enforced. In doing so, this commentary aims to instigate discussions on the pharmaceutical needs of deep space exploration, and strategies on how these may be met
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