65 research outputs found
Pre-Perforated Post-Reinforced Structural Panels of Baked Clay as Cheaper Alternative of RCC Construction
No full textAbstractThe lack of resources in third world countries and unaffordability of modern materials of construction including RCC by common man has led of the use of local materials by employing technical approach for construction of houses without sacrificing the strength and durability at relatively lower cost than reinforced concrete. Therefore systematic research has been initiated to test the strength and other structural properties of pre-perforated post-reinforced baked clay beams of clay which have been compacted through compression to verify its suitability as major material of construction. A large number of beams have been tested and it is quite possible that this would serve as major material of construction in the areas where the soil is alluvial in nature and the cost of transportation of material is substantially higher and would render the RCC construction uneconomical. To start with twenty five sites were selected at different locations and basic material properties such as compressive strength, tensile strength, poisson's ratio and modulus of elasticity were determined after baking at uniform temperature and by applying reasonable compression for compaction. The effect in terms of natural salts and alkalinity were studied in order to find the best possible ratio in terms of clay, silt, pit-sand and other impurities. Here a number of beams were tested without shear reinforcement. The results did not differ drastically from those of RCC and therefore it holds promise for further research to be carried out
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE PROPERTIES OF MICRO-CONCRETE WITH PIT SAND
No full textIn order to check the suitability of the local materials of construction and to study quantitatively the strength and other relevant properties so that proposals could be put-forward regarding the permissible/characteristic values of stresses etc, that could be entered into calculations while designing a particular structurewith these materials as basic constituents, the authors tested a few hundred specimens of micro-concrete containing both; hill sand, and the pit-sand in its purest form as fine aggregate and the Portland cement as binding material.The micro-concrete with pit-sand as fine aggregate has been in use for less important works in plain areas of our country where the hill sand is not readily available; although its standard technical data is not available so far. Thefull details of the experimental study is presented in the following sections
Reviving Readership on Campus in the Age of Internet Through Extra-Curricular Activities
No full textDue to the proliferation of ubiquitous internet and smart gadgets, the culture of book reading has been on the decline; lack of this important quality is clearly reflected in the social awareness, creativity, and critical thinking skills of university students. This paper examines the impact of gadgets, online education, and entertainment on academic and recreational book reading. This article presents a brief account of extra-curricular intervention aimed at promoting voluntary readership among university students. Qualitative data was collected through pre and post intervention surveys and via observation. A preliminary survey provided profound insight into the leisure reading habits of the students and extent of reliance on digital gadgets and online resources as a primary source for gathering information. The efficacy of proposed intervention was evaluated through the program mentor and exit survey feedback. According to the survey results the proposed intervention achieved fruitful results; According to authors there is no quick fix to this problem; coherent and consorted efforts are needed to impede the adverse effects of digital technology on university students
STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE WITH SULPHATE RESISTING CEMENT
No full textDue to the fact that in waterlogged and salinity affected areas more commonly ordinary Portland cement particles are attacked chemically and therefore their decay and their decomposition occurs leading to disintegration of concrete at ground level and below, sulphate resisting cement is used as binding material instead of O.P.C. in such situations. Therefore, experimental study has been conducted to determine fundamental structural properties of micro-concrete consisting of hill sand and sulphate resisting cement in various proportion. From the results it has been observed that strength of micro concrete with S.R. Cement is considerably less than that with O.P.C. This is in contrast with the values of compressive strength quoted by the manufacturers where the difference of strength between O.P.C. and S.R.C. is negligibly small. This implies that for the same grade of concrete more cement content will have to be added than O.P.C
STRENGTH OF JOINTS BETWEEN OLD AND NEW CONCRETE
No full textIn repair work of building quite often one encounters a situation where new concrete is to be poured with the old one. Here cement in solution form is applied on the old surface and then new freshly mixed concrete is placed. Since no technical data could be found in the literature regarding the strength of old and new concrete joint, it was deemed best to perform a systematic and comprehensive experimental study. For this purpose altogether 1920 specimen were prepared and tested. The test program included determination of cube crushing strength ofspecimen without joint as reference material, old joint of rough and plain surfaces and new-old joints of both rough and plain surfaces. Apart from that cylinder split tests were also conducted. A large number of briquettes were tested to find the direct tensile strength and its reduction in case ofjoints of old- old and new-old joints
The Rise and Fall of Pakistan’s Textile Industry: An Analytical View
No full textThe textile industry of Pakistan is one of the most vital sectors for the economic growth of the country. It is a significant contributor to its industrial exports. Over the years, this sector has undergone a rise and fall due to various reasons. The sector has struggled due to high manufacturing expenses, frequent power shortages, faulty strategies and lack of support policies from the government. A worldwide recession, global tension and quality competence are also major threats to the sector. The textile industry of Pakistan is also faced with several challenges and opportunities like frail infrastructure, obsolete technology, adverse law and order situation and lack of investment. The main segments of this sector are clothing and garments, readymade fabrics, weaved apparels, twisting sector and chemical processing sector. Despite the fact that majority of the textile sales is done overseas to the developed countries, the sector is still way behind South Asian regional competitors and has not performed to its full potential particularly in recent years. Keywords: Textile industry, Economic growth, South Asia DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/12-12-12 Publication date: April 30th 202
Functional income distribution in Pakistan: Co‐integration and vector error correction model analysis
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