326 research outputs found
Hydraulic simulations to evaluate and predict design and operation of the Chashma Right Bank Canal
No full textIrrigation systems / Irrigation canals / Flow control / Velocity / Canal regulation techniques / Hydraulics / Simulation models / Design / Operations / Crop-based irrigation / Distributary canals / Water delivery / Policy / Protective irrigation / Water allocation / Water requirements / Sedimentation / Water distribution / Equity / Water conveyance / Pakistan / Chashma Right Bank Canal
Folio
No full textPrincipal's Message; Sajjad Zafar Irfani-Editorial. pp. 1; Amar Bin Adil-Article-A Poet's Search for Values. pp. 2-6; Arif A. Khan-Article-The House of God. pp. 7-10; Sajjad Zafar Irfani-Article-On Education. pp. 11-15; Tanvir Mohsin Khan-Essay-Success. pp. 16-17; Muhammad Asif-Ah! Exam. pp. 18-19; Mohayuddin Abu Bakar-Disillusionment. pp. 20-21; Gohar Majid Sheikh-Good Temper. pp. 22-23; Shahid Imtiaz-Poetry-Aspiration of Freedom. pp. 25; Sports: 96th Annual Athletic Championship, February 15-16, 1983. pp. 26-27; Dr. E. J. Sinclair Passes Away. pp. 30-31; Literacy. pp. 32-33; Folio '83 [Urdu-Punjabi]. 199 p.Quaid-e-Azam. after title; Prof Nasim Zakaria, Principal. after Principal's Message; Editors. before editorial; Dr E. J. Sinclair. before page 31; Prof Mir Muhammad Yaquib. after page 33; Department of Political Science. after page 33; Rana Iftikhar Ahmad, President Student Union. after page 33; Members of Student Union. after page 33; Editors (Urdu). before Urdu content
A Frequency-Reconfigurable Series-Fed Microstrip Patch Array with Interconnecting CRLH Transmission Lines
No full textThis letter presents the design of a frequency-reconfigurable series-fed microstrip patch array in which the elements are interconnected with composite right/left-handed transmission lines (CRLH-TLs). Reconfigurable CRLH-TLs are used instead of meandered microstrip lines to reduce the overall size of the array and provide two different zero-phase frequencies of operation for broadside radiation in both instances. p-i-n diodes were used to reconfigure the array by changing the electrical lengths of the patches and microstrip sections of the CRLH-TLs. The measurements were taken in an anechoic chamber to verify the simulation results. The array can be reconfigured to operate at 1.97 and 2.37 GHz
An electrically small CPW fed frequency reconfigurable antenna
No full textIn this paper, an electrically small reconfigurable antenna fed by a co-planar waveguide(CPW) is proposed. The resonance is achieved by providing an extra path for current through additional meander lines which are attached with the main feed line. Two PIN diodes are used to reconfigure the antenna from 4.27 GHz to 3.56 GHz. The proposed antenna measures only 14.5 × 12.8 mm2 and is printed on a low loss 1.524 mm thick Rogers TMM4 laminate with a dielectric constant of 4.5 and a loss tangent of 0.002. The antenna has an omnidirectional radiation pattern at both switching frequencies with a peak gain of 1.3 dBi at 4.27 GHz and 0.2 dBi at 3.56 GHz. The proposed antenna is suitable for WIMAX and indoor wireless applications
Frequency reconfigurable self-adapting conformal array for changing surfaces
No full textConformal antennas placed on complex surfaces are receiving more attention as a method to increase the coverage of modern wireless communication systems. Furthermore, frequency reconfigurable antennas are being used in the development of multi-band multi-radio wireless platforms to simplify designs. In this study, theoretical development and a new 1 × 4 frequency reconfigurable self-adapting conformal antenna array that can be attached to changing conformal surfaces is presented. This conformal array consists of four reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna elements, a reconfigurable sensor circuit used to measure the curvature of the conformal surface and voltage controlled phase shifters. These phase shifters are controlled by the reconfigurable sensing circuit to implement phasecompensation to autonomously recover the pattern in both bands of the reconfigurable 1 × 4 array as the wedge- and cylindrical-shaped surface on which the array is attached upon change in shape. Throughout this study, analytical computations, simulations and measurements are compared and shown to agree
Conversion of African Americans to Islam : a sociological analysis of the Nation of Islam and associated groups
No full text'Conversion of African Americans to Islam: A Sociological Analysis of the Nation of
Islam Associated groups' is an empirical study of the religious experience of people
who had/have distinctive features in terms of race, ethnicity and historical experience.
The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate how African Americans' (AAs) conversion
experience in general, and the Nation of Islam associated groups' conversion in
particular, differ from the studies of recruitment and conversion in the sociology of
religion and New Religion Movements (NRMs). More specifically, their recruitment
and conversion experiences to Islam diverge from those who converted to mainstream
Islam. The study investigates how AAs' historical experience, soci-economic
difficulties and the racism they encountered shaped and influenced their religious
understanding.
Research methods involved participant observations, a survey questionnaire, interviews,
conversations, personal communications and correspondence. To collect ethnographic
data eleven months field research was conducted mainly in the Chicago area and on two
short visits to Detroit, and three years continued communications with Muslim officials
and academics in the area. During the field research and afterwards through personal
communication 181 survey questionnaire responses were received, and 23 Muslim
officials, academics and ordinary Muslims were interviewed through semi-structured,
unstructured interviews, conversation and correspondence.
The thesis begins with a brief history of Islam and Muslims in general and the African
American Muslims (AAMs) in particular. More emphasis is given on the historical
development of the Nation of Islam (NOl). Then in Chapter III, discussions of schisms
in the history of the NOT are examined from sociological perspectives of social and
religious movements. In Chapter IV I aimed to formulate my own perspective to
analyse and study the conversion experiences of AAMs to Islam. I used a multivariate
approach, considering selectively widely held conversion and recruitment theories in the
sociology of the religion. I consider in Chapter V the predisposing conditions for AAMs
that influence their decision-making to join in the NOT, for example, political and
nationalistic sentiments and socio-economic deprivations. In Chapter VI I have applied
different terms to describe their religious experiences, such as conversion, alteration and
reversion. I have analysed further their encounters with the NOT, the methods of
recruitment they used and their major motives for joining the NOT and converting to
Tslam. In the concluding chapters (Chapter VII VTTT) I describe the different responses
of AAMS to Islam following the death of Elijah Muhammad. It is found out that the
Islamic appeal has polarised. While Farakhan's NOT appeared to continue the tradition
and style of the old NOI with the emphasis on nationalistic and socio-economic factors,
Tmam W. D. Mohammed's community turned more to the religious and spiritual aspects
of Tslam. These different approaches led to a polarisation of the appeal of Tslam to
AAMS.
This thesis contributes to knowledge in four key areas; the sociology of religion and
religious movements, the sociology of social and nationalistic movements, religious and
Islamic studies
Comparative antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of four selected ethnomedicinal plants in alloxan-induced diabetic female Wistar rats
No full textThis study investigated the antidiabetic potential of methanolic extracts of Cassia absus (seeds), Gymnema sylvestre (whole plant), Nigella sativa (seeds), and Piper nigrum (fruits) in alloxan-induced diabetic female Wistar rats. Extracts were prepared using 70% methanol and administered orally at 500 mg/kg/day for 42 days, while glibenclamide (10 mg/kg/day) served as a reference drug. All plant extracts significantly (p < 0.05) reduced fasting blood glucose, attenuated body weight loss, improved glycometabolic and inflammatory markers, and decreased pancreatic oxidative stress. Notably, N. sativa and P. nigrum extracts showed superior efficacy by modulating JNK/MAPK and Nrf2/Keap1 pathways and enhancing insulin secretion compared with other extracts and glibenclamide. Histopathological findings supported these results. Overall, N. sativa and P. nigrum demonstrated the strongest antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, while C. absus showed the least efficacy
Bioleaching of metals from various waste resources
No full textThe accumulation of waste from different sources such as industries, mine tailing, electronic waste, and sewage sludge is a serious environmental challenge. Since waste from the sources mentioned above contains a range of metals, research has been carried out to develop sustainable and environmentally friendly methods for recovering heavy metals (e.g., Fe, Co, Li, and P). Compared to the traditional method, bioleaching is considered a more sustainable method for metal recovery, but its efficiency must be improved for widespread practical applications. This chapter critically evaluates the current status of the bioleaching process for heavy metal recovery by summarizing the bioleaching process’s historical perspective, principles, and associated mechanisms. The overview of the existing literature indicates that the bioleaching process is influenced by microbial species and environmental factors (e.g., pH, redox potential, and temperature). In addition, this chapter discusses metal recovery versus different sources and bioleaching reactor design at the laboratory and industrial scale. The economics and sustainability of the bioleaching process are reviewed, and future research needs are outlined.Muhammad Bilal Asif acknowledges the fellowship awarded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M691773)
Biomass for renewable energy production in Pakistan: current state and prospects [Latest Articles]
No full textDemonstrating the mobility feature in the next generation of the Internet Protocol (IPng / IPv6)
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