1,720,980 research outputs found
The myth of 'Christian Rome' and the Institute of Roman Studies: An attempted synthesis of fascism and catholicism
No full textThe article offers a close reading of the numerous initiatives promoted by the Institute of Roman Studies, an institution operating in synergy with the political culture and imperial ambitions of the fascist regime by supporting and influencing its rhetoric of romanità and use of symbols and myths of the 'Third Rome'. Namely, the article shows that during the 1930s some Italian intellectuals and the high ranks of the Vatican tried to find a synthesis between fascist and Catholic ideologies by means of the glorification of the myth of 'Christian Rome'. The article shows that many Italian intellectuals thought there was a chance of finding a synthesis between the sacralization of politics and the politicization of religion through the myth of Rome. This chance became a mission with the rapprochement to Nazi Germany, with fascism clearly taking shape as a political religion, and during the Second World War. Despite its final failure, this 'conciliatory' attempt shows the complex and various relationships during the fascism between the processes of sacralization of politics and politicization of religion. Finally, the article could be a point of reflection on the various facets about the process of nationalization of Italians widespread during the fascist regime
Book Review: The March on Rome. Violence and the Rise of Italian Fascism, by Giulia Albanese, Abingdon, Routledge, 2019, xvii 192 pp.
No full textThis book is the English translation of the Italian edition and aims to show the violent and subversive nature of fascism and the dissipation of the sense of legality in the postwar Italy. In his research, according to the author, Albanese seems, in an up-to-date way, to follow the traditional intepretations of Fascism as a bourgeois authoritarian and reactionary regim
La Shoah e la disputa tra intenzionalismo e funzionalismo. A proposito di un recente libro di Hans Mommse
No full textAfter a brief review of the main interpretatives trends of Shoah, the article underlines how, although the Mommsen’s study shows well the articulate realization of the extermination of the jews, nevertheless it doesn’t explain clearly the link between Shoah and Nazi ideology. The author asserts infact that in the Mommsen’s work is completely underestimated the fundamental role of Nazi ideology and its aspect of secular religion to understand the extermination of the jews. Using again the George L. Mosse’s thesis, the author argues that Nazism seized the power thanks to its messianic ideology, which considered the reality like an apocalyptical struggle between the Good (the Nazi ideology) and the Evil (the Jewish race). Therefore the fate of the jews was marked since 1933 and the war provided the background to realize the final reckonin
L'Institut d'études romaines et le mythe d’Auguste en 1937
No full textThe article analyses the myth of Augustus shaped by the initiatives of the Institute of Roman Studies. Starting from the myth of Caesar’s rooting in Italian culture thanks to the great influence of German studies, the author highlights how the achievements of the first Roman emperor were rediscovered as a consequence of the conquest of Ethiopia. By examining the various initiatives organised to mark the two thousandth anniversary of Augustus’ birth in the context of the more general myth of Rome, the author shows how the Institute of Roman studies contributed to shaping a specific ideological interpretation through the glorification of Augustus and of the Roman imperial past. Analogies were established between the figures of Augustus and Mussolini, as between the Principate and the Fascist regime, in order to spread the image of fascism as a conservative revolution. This was an attempt to create a synthesis between Fascist, nationalist and Catholic cultures, and to promote encounters, clashes, fusions and the sharing of deep and mutual influences between two typically modern phenomena produced by mass politics: the sacralization of politics and the politicization and ideologization of religion. The rapprochement with Nazi Germany fuelled ambitions to turn fascism into a regime that could assume the leadership of a new Christian and European order.L’article analyse le mythe d’Auguste développé par les initiatives de l’Institut d’études romaines. À partir de l’analyse de la manière dont la culture italienne, influencée par les études allemandes, a longtemps privilégié le mythe de César, l’article met en évidence comment la redécouverte de l’œuvre du premier empereur romain a coïncidé avec la conquête fasciste de l’Éthiopie. Il examine ainsi les nombreuses initiatives lancées lors du deux millième anniversaire de la naissance d’Auguste et les insérer dans le mythe plus large de la romanité. Dans l’exaltation d’Auguste, l’auteur identifie la prise de forme d’une direction idéologique claire et précise qui reflète le mythe plus général de la romanité répandu par l’Institut d’études romaines. Par un parallélisme continu entre Auguste et Mussolini, et entre la Principauté et le régime fasciste, il voulait donner forme à une idée du fascisme conçue comme une révolution conservatrice. Il s’agit d’une interprétation qui cherchait à façonner une synthèse entre les cultures fasciste, nationaliste et catholique et à promouvoir la rencontre, le choc, l’osmose et l’influence mutuelle entre deux phénomènes typiquement modernes, celui de la sacralisation de la politique et celui de la politisation et idéologisation du religieux, en espérant, surtout après le rapprochement avec l’Allemagne nazie, orienter le fascisme vers un modèle de régime capable, à travers le mythe de la Rome impériale et chrétienne, et se mettre à la tête d’un nouvel ordre civil chrétien européen
George L. Mosse e gli storici italiani: il problema della "nazionalizzazione delle masse"
No full textThe article reconstructs the reception of the Mosse’s book The Nationalization of the Masses in Italy starting from its publication in 1975. The author underlines how the arguments of the book, were overlooked and refused, until the second half of the ’80s, by a great part of Italian historians as an attempt of rehabilitation of Fascism. On the contrary, its importance and its originality were immediatly understood by Renzo De Felice and the group of young scholars bound to the journal «Storia contemporanea». The article shows how, from the end of the ’80s, Mosse’s book was progressively rediscovered, becoming fashionable and influencing the research about Fascism, sacralization of politics and invention of tradition. Nevertheless the author argues that, although this growing success, Mosse’s reception remained partly ambivalen
Recensione a M. De Nicolò (a cura di), Il Lazio contemporaneo, Franco Angeli, Milano, 2008
No full textRecensione a M. Baioni, Risorgimento in camicia nera. Studi, istituzioni, musei nell’Italia fascista, Carocci, Roma, 2006
No full textRenzo De Felice e la recente storiografia italiana
No full textThis article discusses the reception of Renzo De Felice's work in Italian historiography in recent
years. In particular, the author discusses the opinions that arose after De Felice's passing and the
publishing of his last book about Mussolini. Indeed, the reviews published at these two times show
a synthesis between some of the main interpretative trends that have become widespread since
the 1970s, and those that were to dominate the debate in the years to follow. The article shows
that even today, De Felice's work remains difficult for many Italian historians to truly understand.
In the author's opinion, a sort of traditional, preconceived position, both for or against De Felice's
work. still persists in Italian historiography. But, above all, a new historiographical conformism has
spread that, while paying many generic tributes to De Felice's research, deletes all the
methodological and interpretative differences. In this way, De Felice's work ends up being
decontextualized, simplified and trivialized
Recensione a S. Volkov, Germans, Jews, and Antisemites. Trials in Emancipation, Cambridge University Press, New York, 2006
No full textRecensione a F. Focardi, La guerra della memoria. La Resistenza nel dibattito pubblico italiano dal 1945 a oggi, Laterza, Roma-Bari, 2005
No full text- …
