1,721,043 research outputs found
Misrepresentation of the horizontal space in neglect patients
No full textBackground: Right-brain–damaged patients with left unilateral neglect are reported to misperceive the horizontal extension of contralesional stimuli as being shorter than that of ipsilesional stimuli. Objective: To investi- gate the functional and anatomic correlates of horizontal space misrepresentation. Methods: Eight right-brain–damaged patients with contralesional neglect and complete hemianopia (NH), nine right-brain– damaged patients with contralesional neglect and no visual field defect (NH), and five unilateral brain-damaged patients with contralesional complete hemianopia and no neglect (NH) reproduced a horizontal distance (10 cm) in the contralesional and ipsilesional hemispace. Results: NH patients overextended the distance contralesionally and underextended the same distance ipsilesionally. NH and NH patients reproduced equivalent distances contralesionally and ipsilesionally. Compared with NH patients, NH patients had a greater ipsilesional shift when bisecting horizontal lines; however, these two groups of patients had comparable neglect severity on multiple-item cancellation tasks. In the NH group the area of maximal overlapping of the lesion was in the posterior cerebral lobes. Conclusion: Complete contralesional hemianopia after posterior brain damage is an important factor in determining misrepresentation of horizontal space in patients with left unilateral neglect
Steady-state VEPs in neglect patients have longer latencies for luminance but not equiluminant patterns
No full textIn bambini dislessici-disortografici: uno o due lessici? A multiple single case study on Italian dyslexic and dysgraphic children
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Touchscreen cognitive tools for mild cognitive impairment and dementia used in primary care across diverse cultural and literacy populations: a systematic review
Full text linkBackground: Touchscreen cognitive tools opened new promising opportunities for the early detection of cognitive impairment; however, most research studies are conducted in English-speaking populations and high-income countries, with a gap in knowledge about their use in populations with cultural, linguistic, and educational diversity.Objective: To review the touchscreen tools used in primary care settings for the cognitive assessment of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, with a focus on populations of different cultures, languages, and literacy.Methods: This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Studies were identified by searching across MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO, OVID, SCOPUS, SCIELO, LILACS, and by cross-referencing. All studies that provide a first-level cognitive assessment for MCI and dementia with any touchscreen tools suitable to be used in the context of primary care were included.Results: Forty-two studies reporting on 30 tools and batteries were identified. Substantial differences among the tools emerged, in terms of theoretical framework, clinical validity, and features related to the application in clinical practice. A small proportion of the tools are available in multiple languages. Only 7 out of the 30 tools have a multiple languages validation. Only two tools are validated in low-educated samples, e.g., IDEA and mSTS-MCI.Conclusion: General practitioners can benefit from touchscreen cognitive tools. However, easy requirements of the device, low dependence on the examiner, fast administration, and adaptation to different cultures and languages are some of the main features that we need to take into consideration when implementing touchscreen cognitive tools in the culture and language of underrepresented populations
Contrast sensitivity loss in the neglected hemifield
No full textContrast sensitivity to gratings of various spatial frequencies displayed in the left and right visual hemifield was measured in a group of ten right brain-damaged patients with unilateral visuospatial neglect. Two groups of ten left brain-damaged (LBD) and ten right brain-damaged (RBD) patients without neglect served as controls. All patients had normal visual fields according to standard clinical procedure. Stimuli were patches of sinusoidal gratings of 1, 2, 4 and 8 c/deg spatial frequency. The patches subtended 6 deg and were displayed at 3 deg of eccentricity. A two-alternative forced-choice technique was employed. Results showed a reduction in contrast sensitivity for stimuli presented to the contralesional hemifield with respect to the ipsilesional hemifield in patients with neglect. No difference in contrast sensitivity between hemifields was found for LBD and RBD groups. These findings indicate a basic visual impairment in the contralesional hemifield in patients with neglec
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