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    Wigner function of pulsed fields by direct detection

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    We present the reconstruction of the Wigner function of some classical pulsed optical states obtained by direct measurement of the detected-photon probability distributions of the state displaced by a coherent field. We use a photodetector endowed with internal gain, which is operated in the non-photon-resolving regime. The measurements are performed up to mesoscopic intensities (up to more than 30 photons per pulse). The method can be applied to characterize nonclassical continuous-variable states

    Two-fold mode-locking by amplitude modulation at neighbouring harmonics of the laser-cavity fundamental frequency

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    A model is presented for the pulse-shaping dynamics in an actively mode-locked laser in which the losses are AM modulated at two harmonic frequencies differing by the cavity fundamental mode spacing and is applied to the case of third and fourth harmonics. Coupling to eight side modes is demonstrated. Computer simulations are implemented for a linear resonator which show the effects of modulation and gain for different initial conditions of field-amplitude and phase
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