1,606 research outputs found
Last instar larvae and pupae of Ourocnemis archytas and Anteros formosus (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), with a summary of known host plants for the tribe Helicopini
No full textMota, Luísa L., Kaminski, Lucas A., Freitas, André V. L. (2014): Last instar larvae and pupae of Ourocnemis archytas and Anteros formosus (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), with a summary of known host plants for the tribe Helicopini. Zootaxa 3838 (4): 435-444, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3838.4.
The tortoise caterpillar: carnivory and armoured larval morphology of the metalmark butterfly Pachythone xanthe (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)
No full textMota, Luísa L., Kaminski, Lucas A., Freitas, André V. L. (2020): The tortoise caterpillar: carnivory and armoured larval morphology of the metalmark butterfly Pachythone xanthe (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae). Journal of Natural History 54 (5-6): 309-319, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1759720, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2020.175972
Sertania lambedor Freitas 2017, comb. nov., stat nov.
No full textSertania lambedor (P. Jauffret, J. Jauffret & Pessôa, 2008), comb. nov., stat nov. (Figs 9–12, 25–26, 31–32, 42–44) “ Emesis ” jaibensis lambedor P. Jauffret, J. Jauffret & Pessôa, 2008. Lambillionea CVII(4):506–508. Figs. 13–16. Type locality: Fazenda Lambedor, Santa Quitéria, Ceará, Brazil. Holotype male, Allotype female: MPEG. Diagnosis. Forewing length: males 10–13 mm (n = 3), females 13–14 mm (n = 2). Sertania lambedor comb. nov., stat nov. is more similar and closely related to S. jaibensis, however, differences in the DNA barcode are appreciable (2.67%, Table 2) and adults can be easily distinguished from the latter by the bright yellow coloration in males and females (Figs. 9–12). Furthermore, S. jaibensis presents an infusion of red-orange scaling on the male dorsal surface and light yellow scaling on the female. The ventral FW discal area of the male is brick red and the HW discal area lighter white with reddish scaling, and the post-medial area darker with black scaling. The submarginal row of brown spots is more apparent. The female ventral surface has light orange ground color on the FW and darker orange infused with white scaling on HW. Margin of uncus straight in S. lambedor (Fig. 25), in S. guttata and S. jaibensis the margin of uncus present a dorsal projection (Figs 21, 23). Female genitalia of S. jaibensis present ostium bursae with oval opening and pointed signa (Figs 29–30), while S. lambedor has the ostium bursae with circular opening and less pointed signa (Figs 31–32). Biology and distribution. Sertania lambedor was observed flying rapidly about a meter above the ground along a dry stream bed in the caatinga. Adults landed on small flowers for short periods of time, being difficult to approach, thus making capture difficult (Jauffret et al. 2008). This species was recorded in six localities of caatinga (Fig. 37) in northeast Brazil, including the Parque Nacional do Catimbau, Pernambuco, and Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, Piaui (Kerpel et al. 2014, Nobre & Schlindwein 2016). Material examined. BRAZIL: Ceará: Fazenda Lambedor (200m), Santa Quitéria, 1♂, 1♀, 03.vi.2006, (MPEG). Pernambuco: Trilha do Camelo - Serra Branca, Parque Nacional do Catimbau, Ibimirim, 1♂, 1♀, 15.x.2008, E.C. Nobre leg. (CJC); Ibimirim, 1♂, 1♀, 13.iii.2015, D. Melo leg., DNA-voucher BLU888, BLU890 (ZUEC), Custódia, 1♂, 06.v.2015, D. Melo leg., DNA-voucher BLU889 (ZUEC).Published as part of Freitas, André V. L., 2017, Sertania gen. nov., a new genus of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) from the South American dry diagonal, pp. 165-179 in Zootaxa 4312 (1) on pages 173-174, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4312.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/85227
Figure 3 in The tortoise caterpillar: carnivory and armoured larval morphology of the metalmark butterfly Pachythone xanthe (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)
No full textFigure 3. Scanning electron microscopy of the last instar of Pachythone xanthe. (a,b) Prothoracic plate in external (a) and internal (b) views; (c) head capsule in lateral view.Published as part of Mota, Luísa L., Kaminski, Lucas A. & Freitas, André V. L., 2020, The tortoise caterpillar: carnivory and armoured larval morphology of the metalmark butterfly Pachythone xanthe (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), pp. 309-319 in Journal of Natural History 54 (5-6) on page 313, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1759720, http://zenodo.org/record/502108
Sertania guttata Freitas 2017, comb. nov.
No full textSertania guttata (Stichel, 1910), comb. nov. (Figs 1–4, 13–22, 27, 39–41) Hamearis guttata Stichel, 1910: Berlin Ent. Zeit. 55:46–47. Type locality: Mendoza, Argentina. Holotype female #3561 ZMHU (examined). = Apodemia minuscula Giacomelli, 1911: Anales de la Soc. Cient. Arg. LXXII: plate 7, Fig. 26. A male lectotype, here designated, has the following labels: LECTOTYPUS/ ♂ Apodemia minuscula, Giac. [omelli] n. sp. La Rioja [, La Rioja, Argentina] / LECTOTYPE ♂ Apodemia minuscula Giacomelli, 1911 by G. Lamas ‘92 [unpublished] / Hamearis minuscula Giac. [omelli] CUM SPECIMINIBUS IN COLL. BRIT. HIST. NAT. SERV. COMP. ET DET. K. J. Hayward / Es Audre guttata (Stich.) K. J. Hayward DET. / LECTOTYPE Apodemia minuscula Giacomelli, 1911 Callaghan & Kaminski det. 2017/ (MACN). The characteristic lectotype label will be sent to the curator of the collection. = Hamearis guayapensis Köhler, 1923: Zeit. Wiss. Ins. Biol 18:30, Plate 2, Figs. 26–28. A male lectotype, here designated, has the following labels: LECTOTYPUS/ Hamearis guaypensis fa nov. / Rep. Argentina A. BREYER / BREYER ARGENTINA PROV LA RIOJA / lectotype ♂ Hamearis guayapensis Köhler, 1923 G. Lamas det. ‘92 [unpublished] / LECTOTYPE Hamearis guayapensis Giacomelli, 1911 Callaghan & Kaminski det. 2017/ (MLPA). The characteristic lectotype label will be sent to the curator of the collection. Diagnosis. Forewing length: males 10.5–11.0 mm (n = 10), females 12.1 mm (n = 3). Sertania guttata comb. nov. appears at first glance as a small Aricoris with white spots much like sympatric Aricoris signata (Stichel, 1910), but can be easily distinguished by the scalloped distal margin of the FW and the lacking of the spot at the base of the HW cell Sc + R1. Differences with the additional species in the genus are discussed in following sections. Variation. This species shows some variation between and within populations regarding the extent of yelloworange scaling on both wings. Biology and distribution. The type locality of Sertania guttata comb. nov. in Mendoza and some distribution records in La Rioja (Argentina) correspond to xeric habitats, known as Monte vegetation (Fig. 34), part of a warm shrub desert at the east of the Andean mountains (Giacomelli 1911, Roig-Juñent et al. 2001). Most of the additional records are from Chaco vegetation formations in lowlands and mountain areas of “chaco serrano” (Fig. 35), but never above 1500 m. Adult habits are sedentary and males were observed perching for long periods with closed wings on low bushes or on the ground. In consecutive visits, different males are found in the same places in an apparent territorial behavior (Figs 39–40). Females were encountered nectaring on flowers with wings spread. The range of S. guttata comb. nov. includes central and western Argentina in the Provinces of Catamarca, Cordoba, Formosa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta and Santiago del Estero (Volkmann & Nuñez-Bustos 2010, Nuñez-Bustos & Volkmann 2013). In western Paraguay, it is recorded in Chaco areas (Drechsel 2016) and although it should occur in similar habitats in Bolivia (Jauffret et al. 2008) its presence there has yet to be confirmed. Material examined. ARGENTINA: Cordoba: Capilla del Monte, 29.i.2015, 1♂, L.A. Kaminski leg., DNAvoucher BLU882 (ZUEC); La Rioja: 4♂ “ Rioja ”, (MLPA), Anillaco, 24.i.2015, 2♂, L.A. Kaminski leg., DNAvoucher BLU880-881 (ZUEC), Punta de los Llanos, 27.xii.2015, 1♂, L.A. Kaminski leg. (ZUEC); Salta: 1 km E. Pichinal-Salta (300m), 5♂, 2♀, R. Eisele leg. (CJC).Published as part of Freitas, André V. L., 2017, Sertania gen. nov., a new genus of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) from the South American dry diagonal, pp. 165-179 in Zootaxa 4312 (1) on pages 172-173, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4312.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/85227
Sertania jaibensis Freitas 2017, comb. nov., stat nov.
No full textSertania jaibensis (Callaghan & Soares, 2001), comb. nov., stat nov. (Figs 5–8, 23–24, 28–30) Audre guttata jaibensis Callaghan & Soares, 2001. Revta. bras. Zool. 18(3):758–760. Figs. 15-18. Type locality: Jaíba - Mocambinho, Carrasco (490 m), Minas Gerais, Brazil. Holotype male: MNRJ (examined). Diagnosis. Average forewing length: males 12–14 mm (n = 6), females 13.2–14.5 mm (n = 3). This taxon was originally described as a subspecies of S. guttata due to its similarities and allopatric distribution (Callaghan & Soares 2001). However, more detailed evaluation of its morphology combined with the differences in the DNA barcode (3.91%, Table 2) indicate that the differences are more profound and that S. jaibensis should be raised to species status. The FW shape of Sertania jaibensis comb. nov., stat nov. differs from Sertania guttata comb. nov. in being relatively longer with a more pointed apex and the margin of both wing surfaces black instead of red; the male ventral HW post-medial area is nearly white in S. jaibensis and dark brown in S. guttata. The frons of S. jaibensis is dark brown with a small white spot in the middle; that of S. guttata is white with two parallel light brown vertical lines. In the male genitalia, valvae are slightly longer with tips turned up in S. guttata (Fig. 22), while they are shorter and truncated with straight tips in S. jaibensis (Fig. 24); the pedicel is straight and pointed in S. guttata, and more curved and separated in S. jaibensis. In the female genitalia, the ostium bursae is broader in S. guttata, and more constricted caudad in S. jaibensis. Biology and distribution. The habitat of S. jaibensis is transition between cerrado and caatinga vegetation. The type locality between Jaíba and Mocambinho (490 m) in the Minas Gerais state presents a closed, tall-shrubby, xerophilous vegetation termed “Carrasco” with floristic elements of caatinga (Callaghan & Soares 2001). Besides the proximity of the São Francisco River, S. jaibensis does not inhabit gallery forests, which also form part of the habitat. The other two known localities in Diamantina and Sempre Vivas National Park consist of unique highaltitude (900 to 1500m) rocky outcrop vegetation (Fig. 36) locally known as “campos rupestres” typical of higher parts of the “Serra do Espinhaço” range (see Alves & Kolbek 2010). This species is absent from the Brazilian central Plateau to the south of this locality. Butterflies fly rapidly and close to the ground at mid-day, resting with open wings on leaf dorsal surfaces, in apparent contrast to the more sedentary behavior of S. guttata. As mentioned above, the species is known from only three localities in northern Minas Gerais. Material examined. BRAZIL: Minas Gerais: Jaíba - Mocambinho, Carrasco (490 m), 2♂, 3♀, 9.iii.1997, A. Soares leg. (CJC), same locality, 2♂, 24.iv.1994, A. Soares leg. (CJC), Diamantina (1300 m), 1♂, 28.xi.1988, O.H.H. Mielke leg. (DZUP); Parque Nacional das Sempre Vivas (1330 m), Buenópolis, 1♀, 06.v.2011, L.A. Kaminski leg., DNA-voucher NS0104 (ZUEC).Published as part of Freitas, André V. L., 2017, Sertania gen. nov., a new genus of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) from the South American dry diagonal, pp. 165-179 in Zootaxa 4312 (1) on page 173, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4312.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/85227
Figure 4 in Immature stages of Parrhasius polibetes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): host plants, tending ants, natural enemies and morphology
No full textFigure 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Parrhasius polibetes egg. (A) Anterior and lateral view of two eggs; (B) micropylar area; (C) detail of an aeropyle on a rib intersection.Published as part of Kaminski, Lucas A., Rodrigues, Daniela & Freitas, André V. L., 2012, Immature stages of Parrhasius polibetes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): host plants, tending ants, natural enemies and morphology, pp. 645-667 in Journal of Natural History 46 (11-12) on page 656, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.651630, http://zenodo.org/record/519960
(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): host plants, tending ants, natural enemies and morphology
No full textFigure 6. Scanning electron micrographs of first instar (A–F) and fourth (last) instar (G) larvae of Parrhasius polibetes. (A) Dorsolateral view; (B) head and prothorax in lateral view; (C) abdominal segments 3 to 5 in lateral view; (D) perforated cupola organ; (E) spiracle on A2 segment; (F) proleg in ventral view; (G) proleg in ventral view.Published as part of Kaminski, Lucas A., Rodrigues, Daniela & Freitas, André V. L., 2012, Immature stages of Parrhasius polibetes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): host plants, tending ants, natural enemies and morphology, pp. 645-667 in Journal of Natural History 46 (11-12) on page 658, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.651630, http://zenodo.org/record/519960
Figure 1 in The tortoise caterpillar: carnivory and armoured larval morphology of the metalmark butterfly Pachythone xanthe (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)
No full textFigure 1. Natural history of Pachythone xanthe and symbiotic interactions with Azteca cf. chartifex ants and scale insects on a Miconia sp. tree. (a,b), penultimate instar in lateral (a) and dorsal (b) views, note the tentacle nectary organs (TNOs) openings (arrows); (c–f) last instar preying on ant-tended scale insects (yellow arrow) (c), resting posture (d), and frontal views showing the prothoracic plates closed (e) and open revealing the head (f); (g,h) pupa in lateral (g) and dorsal (h) views; (i) freshly emerged adult.Published as part of Mota, Luísa L., Kaminski, Lucas A. & Freitas, André V. L., 2020, The tortoise caterpillar: carnivory and armoured larval morphology of the metalmark butterfly Pachythone xanthe (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), pp. 309-319 in Journal of Natural History 54 (5-6) on page 311, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1759720, http://zenodo.org/record/502108
Figure 7 in Immature stages of Parrhasius polibetes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): host plants, tending ants, natural enemies and morphology
No full textFigure 7. Scanning electron micrographs of fourth (last) instar (A–F) and pupae (G–I) of Parrhasius polibetes. (A) Head in lateral view; (B) prothoracic shield; (C) detail of the abdominal tegument in dorsal view; (D) spiracle on A2 segment; (E) opening of the dorsal nectar organ with perforated cupola organs (arrow); (F) detail of the perforated cupola organ; (G) spiracle on A5 segment, note the perforated cupola organs (arrow); (H) detail of the abdominal tegument in lateral view; (I) detail of the stridulating area between A5–A6 segments (arrow).Published as part of Kaminski, Lucas A., Rodrigues, Daniela & Freitas, André V. L., 2012, Immature stages of Parrhasius polibetes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): host plants, tending ants, natural enemies and morphology, pp. 645-667 in Journal of Natural History 46 (11-12) on page 660, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.651630, http://zenodo.org/record/519960
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