3,678 research outputs found
Responses to ozone pollution of alfalfa grown with increasing levels of salt stress
No full textIt’s well known that ozone is the most dangerous atmospheric pollutant for vegetation and reduces yield of several crops (Ferretti et al., 2007). Considering that ozone enters into plant tissues through the stomata, all the factors that reduce stomatal conductance also reduce ozone injuries to crops (Fagnano and Merola, 2007). Among these factors, in Mediterranean area increasing problems of watertable and soil salification are widespread reported. Salt stress reduced ozone sensitivity of some crop (Maggio et al., 2007), thanks to its effect on stomatal conductance and antioxidants production. The aim of this paper was to verify if irrigation with saline water can modify alfalfa responses to ozone pollution. From this experiment, it was confirmed that environmental conditions can strongly modify the response of plants to ozone pollution. Therefore, the thresholds for the protection of vegetation actually based on plant exposure to ozone tropospheric concentration are not suitable for the Mediterranean cropping systems, because these environments are characterized by multiple stresses (i.e. drought, salinity and ozone) that can modify the response of plants to the single stresses. For these reasons a ozone flux approach that takes into account other pedoclimatic stressors, therefore based on the real ozone dose absorbed by plants, will be more suitable for estimating ozone damages to crops in the different agro-environmental conditions of Europe
Functional role of the third cytoplasmic loop in muscarinic receptor dimerization.
No full textBy means of the expression of two chimeric receptors, alpha2/m3 and m3/alpha2, in which the carboxyl-terminal receptor portions, containing transmembrane (TM) domains VI and VII, were exchanged between the alpha2C adrenergic and the m3 muscarinic receptor, Maggio et al. (Maggio, R., Vogel, Z., and Wess, J. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 90, 3103-31073) demonstrated that G protein-linked receptors are able to interact functionally with each other at the molecular level to form (hetero)dimers. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that interaction between receptors might depend on the presence of a long third intracellular (i3) loop and that shortening this loop could impair the capability of receptors to form dimers. To address this question, we initially created short chimeric alpha2 adrenergic/m3 muscarinic receptors in which 196 amino acids were deleted from the i3 loop (alpha2/m3-short and m3/alpha2-short). Although co-transfection of alpha2/m3 and m3/alpha2 resulted in the appearance of specific binding, the co-expression of the two short constructs (alpha2/m3-short and m3/alpha2-short), either together or in combination, respectively, with m3/alpha2 and alpha2/m3 did not result in any detectable binding activity. In another set of experiments, a mutant m3 receptor, m3/m2(16aa), containing 16 amino acids of the m2 receptor sequence at the amino terminus of the third cytoplasmic loop, which was capable of binding muscarinic ligands but was virtually unable to stimulate phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis, was also mutated in the i3 loop, resulting in the m3/m2(16aa)-short receptor. Although co-transfection of m3/m2(16aa) with a truncated form of the m3 receptor (m3-trunc, containing an in frame stop codon after amino acid codon 272 of the rat m3 sequence) resulted in a considerable carbachol-stimulated phosphatidylinositol breakdown, the co-transfection of m3/m2(16aa)-short with the truncated form of the m3 receptor did not result in any recovery of the functional activity. Thus, these data suggest that intermolecular interaction between muscarinic receptors, involving the exchange of amino-terminal (containing TM domains I-V) and carboxyl-terminal (containing TM domains VI and VII) receptor fragments depends on the presence of a long i3 loop. One may speculate that when alternative forms of receptors with a different length of the i3 loop exist, they could have a different propensity to dimerize
JMASM 50: A Web-based Shiny Application for Conducting a Two Dependent Samples Maximum Test (R)
No full textA web-based Shiny application written in R statistical language was developed and deployed online to calculate a new two dependent samples maximum test as presented in Maggio and Sawilowsky (2014b). The maximum test allows researchers to conduct both the dependent samples t-test and Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests on same data without raising concerns associated with Type I error inflation and choice of statistical tests (Maggio and Sawilowsky, 2014a). The maximum test in R statistical language provides a friendly user interface
Introduzione al volume Crescere/Svilupparsi
No full textComplessivamente 12 sono i saggi che compongono questa raccolta
dedicata alla riflessione antica e moderna sulla crescita e sviluppo delle
forme di vita. Ogni saggio rappresenta un vero e proprio viaggio che attraversa diverse regioni del sapere: i classici antichi, greci e latini, sono in
effetti quantitativamente predominanti, e questo a ragione dei prevalenti
interessi scientifici dei curatori, i quali però si sono ben guardati dall’isolare il ‘classico’ nella sua idiosincratica prospettiva ante litteram, ma hanno cercato e trovato la collaborazione con altri settori della ricerca scientifica. Il che si traduce nella partecipazione al progetto editoriale e scientifico anche di antropologi del mondo antico, di biologi e genetisti, di
filosofi e storici del pensiero filosofico e scientifico.Altogether 12 are the essays that make up this collection
dedicated to ancient and modern reflection on the growth and development of
forms of life. Each essay represents a real journey that crosses different regions of knowledge: the ancient Greek and Latin classics are in
quantitatively predominant effects, and this due to the prevalent ones
scientific interests of the curators, who, however, have been careful not to isolate the 'classic' in its idiosyncratic perspective ante litteram, but have sought and found collaboration with other sectors of scientific research. This translates into the participation in the editorial and scientific project of anthropologists of the ancient world, biologists and geneticists, of
philosophers and historians of philosophical and scientific thought
Contribution to a Taxonomic Revision of the Sicilian Helichrysum Taxa by PCA Analysis of Their Essential-Oil Compositions
No full textThe chemical profile of the essential oils in ten populations of the genus Helichrysum Mill. (Asteraceae), collected in the loci classici of the nomenclatural types of the taxa endemic to Sicily, were analyzed. Our results confirm that the analysis of secondary metabolites can be used to fingerprint wild populations of Helichrysum, the chemical profiles being coherent with the systematic arrangement of the investigated populations in three main clusters, referring to the aggregates of H. stoechas, H. rupestre, and H. italicum, all belonging to the section Stoechadina. The correct nomenclatural designation of the investigated populations is discussed and the following two new combinations are proposed: Helichrysum preslianum subsp. compactum (Guss.) Maggio, Bruno, Guarino, Senatore & Ilardi and Helichrysum panormitanum subsp. latifolium Maggio, Bruno, Guarino, Senatore & Ilardi
La valutazione del temperamento infantile: osservazioni dirette e indirette delle espressioni emotive nel primo anno di vita
No full textLo studio si propone di esaminare le differenze individuali nell’espressione delle emozioni di gioia,
rabbia, interesse e paura e nel livello di attività di bambini nel primo anno di vita, utilizzando un approccio
multi-metodo basato sull’utilizzo di uno strumento di osservazione diretta, la Lab-TAB (Goldsmith e
Rothbart, 1999), e uno strumento di osservazione indiretta, il questionario IBQ-R (Montirosso, Cozzi,
Putnam, Gartstein e Borgatti, 2011). I dati delle osservazioni dirette sono stati rilevati attraverso due
diversi sistemi di codifica: molecolare e globale. Obiettivo dello studio è anche di verificare se i risultati
ottenuti con i due sistemi di codifica delle osservazioni convergano tra loro e con quelli ottenuti dalle
valutazioni materne fornite tramite la compilazione del questionario. L’analisi dei cluster effettuata sui
dati rilevati tramite la codifica molecolare delle osservazioni ha permesso di identificare cinque profili
temperamentali che corrispondono solo in parte a quelli emersi dall’analisi della codifica globale delle
osservazioni e dei questionari. I dati mostrano, inoltre, come i punteggi della Lab-TAB ottenuti con i due
sistemi di codifica – molecolare e globale – convergano tra loro, ma non correlino significativamente
con i punteggi delle stesse dimensioni del temperamento rilevate tramite l’IBQ-R.The study is aimed to examine individual differences in the expression of emotions
of joy, anger, interest, fear, and in the level of activity of children in the first year of life, by
means of a multi-method approach based on the use of an instrument for direct observation, the
Lab-TAB (Goldsmith and Rothbart, 1999), and of an instrument for indirect observation, the questionnaire
IBQ-R (Montirosso et al., 2011). Data from direct observations were coded through two
different coding systems: molecular and global. The study was also aimed to verify whether the
results obtained with the two coding systems converged with each other and with those obtained
with the questionnaire. The cluster analysis performed on data collected through the molecular
coding allowed to identify five temperamental profiles that match only partially to those that
emerged from the global coding of the observations and questionnaires. The data also show that
the Lab-TAB scores obtained with the two coding systems – global and molecular – converged
with each other, but did not correlate significantly with the scores of the same dimensions of temperament
detected by the IBQ-R
Mothering, fathering, and Italian adolescents' problem behaviors and life satisfaction: Dimensional and typological approach
No full textIn this study, we explored the relationship
between mothering, fathering and Italian adolescents’ problem behaviors and life satisfaction by using both typological
and dimensional approaches. From a typological perspective,
we examined variations in adolescent adjustment as a function of maternal and paternal parenting styles. From a dimensional perspective, we examined the relationships between crucial
dimensions of perceived mothering and fathering (acceptance and strictness) and their contribution to adolescents’ adjustment, for girls and boys separately. A total of 213 adolescents
(99 boys and 114 girls), aged from 14 to 16 years of age, completed self-report measures on perceived parenting styles,
internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and life satisfaction.
Overall, the results confirmed the relationship between maternal and paternal styles and adolescents’ adjustment. Still, the data have not led to the identification of an optimal
parenting style among the Italian adolescents because the authoritative, the authoritarian, and the indulgent styles emerged as most favorable in relation to the different dimensions of adjustment and life satisfaction, whereas the neglectful style was most linked to behavioral problems and to
low satisfaction. When the focus was on the dimensions, the results showed that for boys, maternal and paternal strictness were negatively related to behavioral problems—both internalizing
and externalizing—and positively related to general satisfaction. Meanwhile, for girls, maternal and paternal strictness were negatively related only to externalizing problems. Paternal acceptance was negatively related to girls’ behavioral problems, while maternal acceptance was positively
related to girls’ general satisfactio
Rappresentazioni di un trattato incompiuto. Un progetto di Francesco Muttoni per L'Architettura di Andrea Palladio vicentino... Representation of an incomplete treaty. A project by Francesco Muttoni for L'Architettura di Andrea Palladio vicentino...
No full textIl saggio riguarda l'interpretazione grafica di un progetto di Francesco Muttoni elaborato per il libro X del suo trattato L’Architettura di Andrea Palladio vicentino..., in particolare quello per il Palazzo Reale per Federico IV di Danimarca. Il libro X non fu mai pubblicato e l’album dei disegni delle tavole a corredo del Libro è custodito a Washington presso la Biblioteca del Congresso. Lo studio riguarda la ricostruzione del progetto di Muttoni evidenziando le incongruenze fra le rappresentazioni delle tavole e tentando, al contempo, di costruirne le probabili logiche formali.The essay concerns the ‘representation’ of a project by Francesco Muttoni elaborated for the book X of his treatise The Architecture of Andrea Palladio vicentino ... in particular that for the Royal Palace for Federico IV of Denmark. The Book X was never published and the album of drawings of the plates accompanying the Book is guarded in Washington at the Library of the Congress.
This study deals with the reconstruction of the Muttoni’s project highlighting the incongruities between the plates representations and attempting to build, at the same time, their probable stylish reasons
UNILATERAL SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS IN SCHOLASTIC AGE SUBJECTS: PSYCHOPEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS
No full textThe Authors want to assess a probable significant relation between the unilateral sensorineural hearing loss and some learning difficulties and language acquisitions, often found, through our observation, in impaired children. The Authors have examined a group of subjects in their scholastic age who have this kind of hearing loss and, through several dialogues with them, they have gathered some relevant data about the difficulties that children have at school, and drawn up a questionnaire
Repurposing the mucolytic cough suppressant and TMPRSS2 protease inhibitor bromhexine for the prevention and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection
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