139 research outputs found
Data for: Observations of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems and Significant Adverse Impacts on High Seas Seamounts of the Northwestern Hawaiian Ridge and Emperor Seamount Chain
No full textRaw data from AUV image counts for Koko, Yuryaku and Kammu Seamounts to depths of 700m
A new species of Bathynomus Milne Edwards, 1879 (Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from The Bahamas, Western Atlantic
No full textShipley, Oliver N., Bruce, Niel L., Violich, Mackellar, Baco, Amy, Morgan, Nicole, Rawlins, Scott, Brooks, Edward J. (2016): A new species of Bathynomus Milne Edwards, 1879 (Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from The Bahamas, Western Atlantic. Zootaxa 4147 (1): 82-88, DOI: http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4147.1.
Protandric hermaphroditism in the whale-fall bivalve mollusc Idas washingtonia
No full textWhale falls provide abundant but relatively ephemeral, sulphide-rich habitat islands on the deep-sea floor. To explore life-history adaptations to whale-fall habitats, we examined the reproductive biology of Idas washingtonia, a bathymodiolin mussel occurring in abundance on sunken whale skeletons in the deep northeast Pacific Ocean. Analysis of the reproductive biology of I. washingtonia demonstrates strong evidence of protandric hermaphroditism. Developing males were recognised in individuals as small as 1.7 mm shell length and spermatogenesis continued until 7 mm length. At >6.5 mm, males were generally spent and the first previtellogenic oocytes were observed. Although developing females were found as small as 4.5 mm shell length, most well-developed females were >6 mm shell length. Overall, females only formed 12% of the population. As with other modiolid bivalves, fecundity was high and the egg size <50 ?m, indicative of planktotrophic development. The occurrence of protandric hermaphroditism, high fecundity and planktotrophic dispersal may be an adaptation to the ephemeral nature of their habitat. The success of this adaptation is shown by the rapid colonisation of whale falls even though these may have been severely reduced in abundance since the peak of commercial whaling activity in the 20th century.<br/
Bathynomus Milne Edwards 1879
No full textGenus Bathynomus Milne Edwards, 1879 Restricted synonymy: Bathynomus — Bruce, 1986: 126; Kensley & Schotte, 1989: 129; Lowry & Dempsey, 2006: 168. Type species. Bathynomus giganteus Milne Edwards 1879; by monotypy. Included species. See Lowry & Dempsey (2006). Atlantic species have most recently been documented by Magalhães & Young (2003). Remarks. The genus has most recently been reviewed by Lowry & Dempsey (2006) for the Indo-Pacific, Magalhães & Young (2003) for the South Atlantic, and earlier by Bruce (1986) for the Australian species.Published as part of Shipley, Oliver N., Bruce, Niel L., Violich, Mackellar, Baco, Amy, Morgan, Nicole, Rawlins, Scott & Brooks, Edward J., 2016, A new species of Bathynomus Milne Edwards, 1879 (Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from The Bahamas, Western Atlantic, pp. 82-88 in Zootaxa 4147 (1) on pages 83-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4147.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/25889
Cirolanidae Dana 1852
No full textFamily CIROLANIDAE Dana, 1852 Remarks. There have been no recent revisions of the Cirolanidae for the tropical Western Atlantic. The only comprehensive accounts are the now dated monograph The Isopods of North America (Richardson 1905: 81–137), and the more recent Caribbean field guide by Kensley & Schotte (1989) is also relevant. For identification of marine cirolanids recourse is still to the primary literature and databases such as WoRMS.Published as part of Shipley, Oliver N., Bruce, Niel L., Violich, Mackellar, Baco, Amy, Morgan, Nicole, Rawlins, Scott & Brooks, Edward J., 2016, A new species of Bathynomus Milne Edwards, 1879 (Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from The Bahamas, Western Atlantic, pp. 82-88 in Zootaxa 4147 (1) on page 83, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4147.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/25889
"What does the case of Slovakia tell us about the EU’s Active Leverage?"
No full text[From the introduction]. This short paper seeks to reflect on the experience of Slovakia and highlights what that particular case has taught us about the active leverage of the EU. I recognize that unpicking causation between domestic and European arenas is fraught with methodological difficulties (Haverland, 2006). Unlike our colleagues from chemistry, as political scientists we are not afforded the luxury to isolate and remove individual ingredients and then re-run experiments to see if the results change, hence identifying chains of causation is extremely difficult and tends to lead to conclusions, which are vague, hedged and less than robust. Bearing that caveat in mind, however, I venture a few arguments based on a close observation of the Slovak case. Firstly, building on the helpful distinction between political2 conditionality and acquis conditionality, I suggest that the Slovak case demonstrates the power of acquis conditionality, but the limits of the ‘transformative power’ (Grabbe, 2006) of political conditionality. Indeed, acquis conditionality may be more influential in cases where political conditionality is perceived to have had an influence. Secondly, the EU has very little impact on domestic party politics beyond influencing the choice of coalition partners, but even here the impact of the EU is probably exaggerated. Thirdly, the power of the acquis conditionality varies depending on the clarity, consistency and ascribed salience of such laws
Reproductive morphology of three species of deep-water precious corals from the Hawaiian Archipelago : Gerardia Sp., Corallium secundum, and Corallium lauuense
No full textAuthor Posting. © University of Miami - Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of University of Miami - Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bulletin of Marine Science 81 (2007): 533-542.Three species of deep-sea corals were collected from several locations in the Hawaiian Archipelago. These species have been called "precious corals" because of their extensive use in the jewelry industry. Two octocorals Corallium lauuense Bayer, 1956 (red coral) and Corallium secundum Dana, 1846 (pink coral), and a zoanthid, Gerardia sp. (gold coral) collected between August and November in 1998-2004, were all histologically analysed for reproductive tissues. All three species of precious corals appear to be gonochoric (both males and females of all species being identified—though with C. lauuense more reproductive polyps are needed to conclusively confirm this), with the two species of Corallium having reproductive material contained within siphonozooids rather than the main polyp (autozoid). Maximum oocyte sizes were: Gerardia sp. ∼300 μm, C. secundum ∼600 μm, and C. lauuense ∼660 μm. All three species are hypothesized to have spawned during the collection season. Gerardia was observed spawning during collection, and histological sections of the two Corallium species show areas where gametes appear to be missing. Gerardia sp. has a single cohort of gametes developing, which may suggest seasonal reproduction, and the two Corallium species show multiple sizes present in single individuals, suggesting a periodic or quasi-continuous reproductive periodicity.This project was supported by ship time grants from the Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory
and Hawaii SeaGrant as well as National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s
Office of Ocean Exploration Award No. NA03OAR4600108. A.R.B. received support from an
EPA STAR graduate research fellowship and a Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution postdoctoral
scholarship
Figure 1 from: Pelingen AL, Zettel H, Pangantihon CV, Aldaba KMD, Fatallo EK, de Leon JM, Freitag H (2020) Contributions to the knowledge of water bugs in Mindoro Island, Philippines, with a species checklist of Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera, Heteroptera). Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e56883. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e56883
No full textFigure 1 Sampling sites at northern Mindoro (Baco, Puerto Galera). A. the first author sampling at site 396; B. Tagbinai Malaki River (305); C. Tukunan River at "Hidden Paradise" (303); D. lower Dulangan River (356)
Comparing molecular variation to morphological species designations in the deep-sea coral Narella reveals new insights into seamount coral ranges.
No full textRecent studies have countered the paradigm of seamount isolation, confounding conservation efforts at a critical time. Efforts to study deep-sea corals, one of the dominant taxa on seamounts, to understand seamount connectivity, are hampered by a lack of taxonomic keys. A prerequisite for connectivity is species overlap. Attempts to better understand species overlap using DNA barcoding methods suggest coral species are widely distributed on seamounts and nearby features. However, no baseline has been established for variation in these genetic markers relative to morphological species designations for deep-sea octocoral families. Here we assess levels of genetic variation in potential octocoral mitochondrial barcode markers relative to thoroughly examined morphological species in the genus Narella. The combination of six markers used here, approximately 3350 bp of the mitochondrial genome, resolved 83% of the morphological species. Our results show that two of the markers, ND2 and NCR1, are not sufficient to resolve genera within Primnoidae, let alone species. Re-evaluation of previous studies of seamount octocorals based on these results suggest that those studies were looking at distributions at a level higher than species, possibly even genus or subfamily. Results for Narella show that using more markers provides haplotypes with relatively narrow depth ranges on the seamounts studied. Given the lack of 100% resolution of species with such a large portion of the mitochondrial genome, we argue that previous genetic studies have not resolved the degree of species overlap on seamounts and that we may not have the power to even test the hypothesis of seamount isolation using mitochondrial markers, let alone refute it. Thus a precautionary approach is advocated in seamount conservation and management, and the potential for depth structuring should be considered
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