3,448 research outputs found
Investigator-initiated trials of targeted oncology agents: why independent research is at risk?
No full textBackground: Drug development traditionally has relied upon the complementary contributions of clinicians and scientists at academic institutions and at pharmaceutical companies. Greater regulatory burdens, increased bureaucratic requirements, restricted reimbursement, and spiralling research and development costs are exerting pressure on the drug development pipeline. The result is a de-emphasis of exploratory research, particularly independent academic research, despite its proven value in identifying new drug targets and developing innovative cancer therapies. Design: An expert panel assembled by the Biotherapy Development Association-a nonprofit international forum for academic and industry researchers, patients, and government regulatory and postregulatory agencies-examined the growing schism between academia and industry and identified several causes of declining academic research. Results: The authors propose solutions to sustain investigator-initiated research and provide a new model whereby expert organisations provide a forum for academia and industry to plan studies within a regulatory framework to support licensure/authorisation and reimbursement for new molecularly targeted agents and biomarkers. Conclusions: Investigator-initiated trials have led to the discovery and development of innovative, safe, and effective cancer treatments. To ensure that such research continues, action will be required on the parts of legislative and regulatory bodies, industry, universities, patient advocacy organisations, and preclinical and clinical academic scientists. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved.</p
Investigator-initiated trials of targeted oncology agents: why independent research is at risk?
No full textBackground: Drug development traditionally has relied upon the complementary contributions of clinicians and scientists at academic institutions and at pharmaceutical companies. Greater regulatory burdens, increased bureaucratic requirements, restricted reimbursement, and spiralling research and development costs are exerting pressure on the drug development pipeline. The result is a de-emphasis of exploratory research, particularly independent academic research, despite its proven value in identifying new drug targets and developing innovative cancer therapies. Design: An expert panel assembled by the Biotherapy Development Association-a nonprofit international forum for academic and industry researchers, patients, and government regulatory and postregulatory agencies-examined the growing schism between academia and industry and identified several causes of declining academic research. Results: The authors propose solutions to sustain investigator-initiated research and provide a new model whereby expert organisations provide a forum for academia and industry to plan studies within a regulatory framework to support licensure/authorisation and reimbursement for new molecularly targeted agents and biomarkers. Conclusions: Investigator-initiated trials have led to the discovery and development of innovative, safe, and effective cancer treatments. To ensure that such research continues, action will be required on the parts of legislative and regulatory bodies, industry, universities, patient advocacy organisations, and preclinical and clinical academic scientists. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved.</p
Investigator in criminal procedure
No full textBakalaura darba tēma ir “Izmeklētājs kriminālprocesā”. Bakalaura darbs sastāv no ievada, četrām galvenajām nodaļām, kopsavilkuma, anotācijas, izmantotās literatūras saraksta un pieciem pielikumiem.
Bakalaura darbā autore ir pētījusi izmeklētāja kā kriminālprocesa dalībnieka parādīšanos un attīstību no 11. gs līdz mūsdienām.
Tā pat bakalaura darbā autore ir pētījusi izmeklētāja statusa iegūšanai nepieciešamos nosacījumus – izglītību, darba pieredzi, vecumu utt.
Papildus tam darbā ir pētītas izmeklētāja tiesības un pienākumi gan Latvijā, gan tās kaimiņvalstīs – Krievijā un Igaunijā.
Bakalaura darbā autore norāda nepieciešamos grozījumus Latvijas Kriminālprocesa likumā, lai uzlabotu kriminālprocesa efektivitāti.The theme of the bachelor work is “The investigator of the criminal procedure”. The bachelor consists of content, introduction, four main parts, summary, annotation, list of used literature and five additions.
In the bachelor’s work the author has researched the appearance and growth of the investigator as the participator of the criminal process in Latvia starting from 11th century till nowadays.
The author has studied out the requirements of becoming the investigator – work experience, education, age etc
The bachelor’s author also has researched the rights and the duties of the investigator in Latvia as well as in Latvia’s neighboring countries – Russia and Estonia.
In the bachelors work the author also points out the needed corrections of the Criminal process low to improve the efficiency of the Criminal process low
An Investigator in Criminal Proceedings
No full textBakalaura darba tēma ir “Izmeklētājs kriminālprocesā”, ar mērķi raksturot izmeklētāja statusu Kriminālprocesa likumā un noskaidrot, kāda ir uzraudzība pār izmeklētāja darbu. Lai īstenotu izvirzīto mērķi, autore veica literatūras analīzi un Valsts Policijā strādājošo izmeklētāju aptauju. Pētījuma rezultātā autore secina, ka normatīvajos aktos nav noteikta augstākās izglītības nepieciešamība izmeklētājam, tāpēc autore ierosina papildināt likumus, ar grozījumiem par augstākās juridiskās izglītības nepieciešamību, kā arī profesijas klasifikatorā iekļaut amatu izmeklētājs. Lai veicinātu atklāto lietu daudzumu autore ierosina likumā noteikt, ka izmeklēšanas grupu sastāvā jāiekļauj vismaz viens izmeklētājs ar darba pieredzi ne mazāku par 5 gadiem. Autore uzskata, ka tas veicinātu lielāku atklāto lietu daudzumu.The subject of the Bachelor's is "An Investigator in Criminal Proceedings”, with the aim of characterizing the investigator's status in the Criminal Procedure Law and ascertaining what the supervision over the investigator's work is. In order to achieve the goal, the author carried out an analysis of literature and a survey of investigators working in the State Police. As a result of the research, the author concludes that the necessity of higher education for investigators is not specified in the regulatory enactments, therefore the author proposes to supplement the laws, amends the necessity of higher legal education, and include a post of investigator in the profession classification. In order to promote the amount of discover cases, the author proposes that the law define that the investigation teams should include at least one investigator with a work experience of not less than 5 years. The author believes that this would encourage more discover cases
Investigator in Criminal procedures
No full textBakalaura darba tēma „Izmeklētāja statuss kriminālprocesā”, ietver sevī vairākus
būtiskus aspektus, piemēram, procesuālā statusa iegūšanas veidus, un problemātiku ar normatīvo regulējumu, kā arī izmeklētāja lomu un konstatējumu, ka izmeklētāju profesionālā kvalifikācija krītas, tādejādi samazinoties izmeklēšanas kvalitātei. Darba gaitā autors sniedzpriekšlikumus problēmas risinājumam.
Bakalaura darba mērķis ir izpētīt izmeklētāja procesuālā statusa iegūšanas veidu, kā arī pilnvaru apjomu pirmstiesas izmeklēšanā. Lai šo mērķi sasniegtu autors vispirms ir izpētījis institūta vēsturisko attīstību laika posmā no 1918.gada līdz šobrīd spēka esošajam regulējumam, iekļaujot arī būtiskākos grozījumus, kas skāruši izmeklētāja regulējumu. Tiek pētīti arī izmeklētāja iespējamie procesuālie statusi, to iegūšanas procesuālais regulējums, kas tiek pētīts kopā ar prakses materiāliem un juridisko litearatūru.Subject of the bachelor paper „Investigator in Criminal procedures” includes many
relevant aspects, for example manners of acquirement of the procedural status in Criminal procedure, problems of its regulation, also a role of investigator and a finding that investigators qualification becomes weaker, that have a bad influence on the investigation quality. Author gives solution to these problems.
The main objective of the bachelor paper is to research the procedural status of an investigative nature and scope of competence in the pre-trial investigation. To achieve this objective author has studied the first the historical development of the Institute during the period from 1918 to the current regulation, including major changes which affected the investigative framework. Author also describes investigator potential procedural status, ways,how to acquire it and regulations, which is being studied in conjunction with practice material and legal literature
Investigator in Criminal Procedure in Latvia
No full textBakalaura darba tēma ir „Izmeklētājs kriminālprocesā Latvijā”, kurā tiek apskatīts izmeklētāja institūts un tā pilnvaru apjoms laika posmā no 1960.gada līdz pat šobrīd spēkā esošajam regulējumam. Bakalaura darba mērķis ir izpētīt izmeklētāja procesuālā statusa iegūšanas veidu, iespējamos procesuālos statusus, kādos viņš var parādīties kriminālprocesā, izmeklētāja procesuālo kontroli un kā gadu laikā ir mainījies izmeklētāja tiesību un pienākumu loks. Autore pēta ne tikai izmeklētāja institūta vēsturisko attīstību Latvijā, bet paralēli arī izpēta šo institūtu Krievijas Federācijas un Lietuvas Republikas ietvaros, lai labāk varētu izdarīt secinājumus par iespējamiem trūkumiem vai nepilnībām Latvijas kriminālprocesuālajā regulējumā attiecībā uz izmeklētāju.The subject of the Bachelor's paper is "Investigator in Criminal Procedure in Latvia" which examines the investigator's institution and the extent of its powers from the 1960s to the current regulation. The aim of the Bachelor's paper is to investigate the way of obtaining the procedural status of an investigator, the possible procedural status in which he may appear in criminal proceedings, the procedural control of an investigator, and how the investigator's rights and obligations have changed over the years. The author studies not only the historical development of the investigator's institute in Latvia, but also studies this institute in the Russian Federation and Republic of Lithuania in order to better draw conclusions about possible deficiencies on the Latvian regulatory with regard to the investigator
Author Indexing in Mathematics
No full textThe American Mathematical Society (AMS) has required since 1970 that authors of articles published in AMS journals submit indexing terms with their manuscripts. This study examined 159 documents published by the AMS in 1975. Each contained author indexing terms--class numbers selected by authors from the AMS(MOS) Subject Classification Scheme (1970). Most documents also received indexing terms from professional indexers--Mathemaical Reviews editors. To compare these two indexing treatments, the investigator solicited readers--mathematics faculty and graduate students--to suggest queries to which the documents would be satisfactory responses. The investigator transformed the queries into search statements composed of AMS class numbers, and then he compared search terms with author and with professional indexing terms. A document was retrieved (and recall successful) if at least one search term matched at least one indexing term, under a given indexing treatment.The major hypothesis of the study was that authors would demonstrate better retrieval performance than professionals by having a higher recall score than the professionals. The results failed to support this hypothesis. Instead, there was no significant difference between authors and professionals: each group recalled 69 of the 138 documents that had been assigned a query and both types of indexing.Readers also assigned indexing terms to documents, although no reader assigned indexing terms and suggested a query for the same document. The investigator hypothesized that readers would have a higher recall score than professionals. The results failed to support this. Readers did have a higher recall score than professionals (68 of 123 documents retrieved compared to 64 of 123), but the higher reader score was not significant.An alternative to recall tests as a means to compare authors and professionals was the interindexer consistency (IIC) measure. The investigator hypothesized that author/reader IIC would be higher than either author/professional IIC or professional/reader IIC. The IIC measure was the number of terms common to two indexing treatments divided by the total number of unique terms in the two treatments. The results did not support the hypothesis. Author/reader IIC had a mean of 0.26 per document for 144 documents, while author/professional IIC was 0.42 for 157 documents, and professional/reader IIC was 0.28 for 142 documents. The lower author/reader IIC, compared to author/professional IIC, was significant, and the lower author/reader IIC, compared to professional/reader IIC, was not significant.The availability of both recall and interindexer consistency scores permitted a test of correlation. The investigator hypothesized a slight positive relationship between recall and interindexer consistency. The results supported this. Among 139 documents with at least two types of indexing, the Eta correlation value was 0.33; among 123 documents with all three types of indexing, the Eta correlation was 0.37. Both Eta values were significant.The investigator concluded that authors performed as well as professional indexers in this experiment, despite the assumed advantage of experience held by professionals. The failure to recall half the documents in the major hypothesis test was attributed in part to unfamiliarity of the investigator/searcher with specific subject areas in mathematics and to the failure of the AMS Scheme to have better systems of cross references, scope notes, hierarchical arrangement, and synonym control.Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-13T17:49:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
8127581.pdf: 8501224 bytes, checksum: d874f7f63b2e620b468e4da15cecbd94 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1981Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 66541
Lift date: Forever
Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only238 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1981
The role of criminal investigator in pretrial process
No full textIzvēlētā maģistra darba tēma ir „Izmeklētāja loma pirmstiesas kriminālprocesā”. Darba galvenais mērķis ir, balstoties uz spēkā esošo likumdošanu veikt komplekso teorētiski – praktisko izmeklētāja procesuāla statusa analīzi, noteikt tā darbības robežas un lomu kriminālprocesā.
Darba pirmajā nodaļā autore pievēršas izmeklēšanas vēsturiskajām apskatam. Par pamata kritēriju autore izvēlējusies izmeklēšanas attīstības svarīgākos posmus, ievērojot Latvijas vispārējās vēstures attīstību.
Darba otrajā nodaļā autore izpēta izmeklēšanu pirmstiesas kriminālprocesā, raksturo jēdziena izpratni dažādu zinātņu skatījumā, izmeklēšanas lomu kriminālprocesā, analīzē izmeklēšanas formas un līdzekļus. Atsevišķi autore aplūko izmeklēšanas struktūru.
Darba trešajā nodaļā autore pēta izmeklētāja tiesisko statusu pirmstiesas kriminālprocesā, pievēršoties izmeklētājā pienākumiem un tiesībām. Autore apskata dažādu Kriminālprocesa likuma pantu nepilnības un piedāvā savu risinājumu trūkuma novēršanai. Trešās nodaļas ietvaros tiek analizēti izmeklēti modeļi ārvalstīs.
Darba ceturtajā nodaļā autore pievēršas izmeklētāja ārējai un iekšējai procesuālai kontrolei.
Darba piektā nodaļa ir veltīta subjektīvā faktora lomas analīzei izmeklētāja darbībā, kur autore ar respondentu aptaujas palīdzību izpēta izmeklētāju rīcības brīvību, svarīgo lēmuma pieņemšanā.
Kā galvenā problēma tiek izvirzīta izmeklētāja darbības robežu nenoteiktība.The selected master's theme: "The role of criminal investigator in pretrial process." Main idea is to analyze investigator legal form and define investigator activity boundaries, by basing at existing laws.
In the first chapter the author addresses to investigations by history viewed. On the basis of criteria author selected, the most important historical events in Latvian history.
In the second chapter the author explores the pretrial criminal investigation and describes different opinions of savant. Analysis, investigation forms and means. Author study the question about investigation structure from all sides.
In the third chapter the author examines the legal status of the investigative pretrial proceedings, focusing on investigative duties and rights. The authors examine various shortcomings in the Criminal Law Article, and offer their solutions to poverty. The third chapter analyzes the investigated models abroad.
In the fourth chapter the author focuses on investigating the external and internal procedural control.
Work fifth chapter is devoted to the subjective factor analysis of the role of investigative activity.
As the main problem is brought in an investigator in the limit of uncertainty
ACTUAL QUESTIONS ABOUT INVESTIGATOR\u27S WORK IN LATVIAN CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
No full textIn this article author considers the questions connected with activity of the investigator at investigation of crimes, gives the characteristic of his procedural activity, defines his legal status in Latvian criminal procedure, characterizes important functions that this participant of criminal trial has. Along with consideration of a legal status of the investigator in criminal trial of Latvia, the analysis of the relevant procedural characteristics connected with investigation of criminal trials has determined the scientifically based directions in modern educational process of Latvia by training of specialists lawyers and, in particular, investigators. As a results of a research are given offers to change separate standards of the Criminal procedure law
Authorisation in Grid Computing
No full textThis paper briefly surveys how authorisation in Grid computing has evolved during the last few years, and presents the latest developments in which Grid applications can utilise a policy controlled authorisation infrastructure to make decisions about which users are allowed to perform which actions on which Grid resources. The paper describes the Global Grid Forum SAML interface for connecting policy based authorisation infrastructures to Grid applications, and then describes the PERMIS authorisation infrastructure which has implemented this interface. The paper concludes with suggestions about how this work will evolve in the future
- …
