1,721,143 research outputs found
Emotional and motivational profiles in the giftedness
No full textL’articolo bersaglio di Cornoldi (2020) dal titolo: «Teorie dell’intelligenza e approcci allo studio della plusdotazione» offre l’opportunità di approfondire la discussione su una tematica che è stata negli ultimi anni oggetto di rinnovato interesse da parte sia della comunità scientifica sia delle istituzioni scolastiche. Basti pensare, da una parte, all’incremento nella produzione scientifica di ricerche volte a delineare il profilo degli studenti plusdotati o ad alto potenziale, dall’altro alla nota MIUR «Alunni con bisogni educativi speciali. Chiarimenti» del 3 aprile 2019 che esplicita le misure, già adottate da molte istituzioni scolastiche in linea con la Direttiva del 27 dicembre 2012, per personalizzare l’insegnamento facendo rientrare gli alunni plusdotati (gifted) nell’ampia condizione educativa dei Bisogni Educativi Speciali.
Un primo necessario passo è una chiara ed univoca definizione dell’oggetto stesso di interesse
Parents’ intention to vaccinate their children according to the Theory of Planned Behavior: A scoping review
No full textVaccines are cost-effective tools for preventing serious diseases, but vaccinating children remains a problem in many countries. Since no review has analyzed parents’ decision to vaccinate their children from the perspective of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the current review aims to fill this gap. The current scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extended for Scoping Review Statement (PRISMA-ScR). The scientific literature was analyzed and 258 records were identified. After removing duplicates and screening abstracts and full-text, 18 eligible records were identified. The studies gathered information on vaccines against COVID-19, Human Papillomavirus (HPV), whooping cough, influenza, and other vaccines. Overall, the studies employed 20355 participants, mostly women, aged 30 to 39 years old, from medium to high socioeconomic backgrounds. Attitude towards vaccination was the best predictor of parents’ intention to vaccinate their children, followed by subjective norms, while mixed results emerged on perceived behavioral control. Among other variables related to parent’s intention to vaccinate their children, obtaining information from the physician appeared to have the greatest influence. Parents’ attitude and subjective norms could be strengthened through small-scale campaigns in which physicians recommend the vaccine, reassuring parents of its safety and resolving all their doubts
Does Physical Activity Improve Inhibition in Kindergarteners? A Pilot Study
No full textSubstantial empirical evidence supports the positive effects of physical activity (PA) on executive functions, but not all forms of physical activity benefit equally. Among kindergarteners, cognitively-engaging exercise seems to more strongly effect EF than simple exercise. We aimed to investigate several qualitatively different exercise formats on kindergarteners' inhibition. Participants were 75 children (M age = 68.1 months), recruited from 14 classrooms of three kindergarten schools. They were randomly assigned to three groups: control group, free play group (non-cognitively-engaging PA), and an intervention group (cognitively-engaging PA). The intervention group performed 18 sessions of a cognitively engaging PA (tasks requiring movements and inhibitory behavior skills). We assessed “hot” and “cool” aspects of inhibition using the Day-Night Stroop test, Head-Shoulders-Knees-Toes, Gift Wrap, and Snack Delay. We found that the intervention group obtained a more consistent performance improvement on post-test measures of hot and cool inhibition than did the free play group
COVID-19 Parental Vaccine Hesitancy: The Role of Trust in Science and Conspiracy Beliefs
Full text linkBackground. Parent vaccine hesitancy is a sensitive topic despite the benefits associated with children’s vaccination. Especially regarding the COVID-19 vaccination, parents displayed concerns about children’s vaccination, questioning their effectiveness and security. Although several studies were conducted on the general population, few studies investigated this relationship on parents’ intentions. Methods. An online survey was advertised from May to December 2022 on social networks, collecting data from 109 participants (90% F; mean age: 41.34 years, SD: ±6.40). The survey assessed sociodemographic characteristics, vaccine hesitancy through the Parents Attitude towards Childhood Vaccine—PAVC, trust in science through the Belief in Science Scale—BISS, and conspiracy beliefs through the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale—GCBS. Results. In our sample, 29 parents (26.6%) scored more than 50 points to PAVC and, for this reason, were considered hesitant. Moreover, more than half of parents (60.6%) declared that they did not intend to vaccinate their children in the future. The path analysis model showed that parents with low education tended to have higher conspiracy beliefs (β = −0.40). Holding conspiracy beliefs (β = 0.28) and having low trust in science (β = −0.23) was associated with higher parent hesitancy and, in turn, no future intention to vaccinate their children for COVID-19 (OR = 0.83, p < 0.001). Conclusion. The results of the current paper suggest that targeted campaigns should be aimed at parents with lower levels of education, mainly on social media, debunking the most common fake news or myths, independently from the type of vaccine, and highlighting the importance of scientific research for improving people’s living conditions
La fossa di Danisinni, un sistema di eccesso
No full textLa “fossa” di Danisinni è una depressione orografica che si estende dai margini del centro storico di Palermo fino alle emergenze monumentali delle Catacombe dei Cappuccini. Il presente studio, attraverso una sintetica disamina degli eventi salienti della storia di questo luogo, vuole delineare una possibile strategia per la riqualificazione del complesso sistema di aree verdi, proponendo
nuove modalità d’accesso per connettere questo potenziale parco al centro storico della città. L’antico alveo del fiume Papireto e il sistema di gallerie delle Catacombe dei Cappuccini, appaiono come dei tracciati da riscoprire e nei quali insediare modalità d’accesso ricche ed inedite
Motor differentiation's and cognitive skill in pre-scholar age
Full text linkLittle research has been produced about literacy readiness in Kindergarten children at risk for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), despite this age being one of the most important epoch of motor and cognitive development. In this study we compared pre-literacy skills in Kindergarten children at risk for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) with Typically Developing (TD) children. Participants were 26 Italian children, who had a mean age of 5.1 years, 13 at risk for DCD and 13 TD attending kindergarten schools. Pre-literacy abilities were measured trough tasks derived by the Italian PRCR-2 battery: Semi-circles (A and B), Letter identification and Object Naming Time. Children at risk for DCD showed worse performance on all these pre-literacy assessments compared to TD children. Significant differences were found between children at risk for DCD and TD children on tasks of visual memory of printed signs, visual analysis ability, visual discrimination and attention and sequentiality of eye movements. Findings suggest the need to implement pre-school cognitively challenging motor activities programs to enhance manual dexterity, aiming and catching skills as well as static and dynamic balance at early age.Existe escasa literatura científica sobre la preparación para la alfabetización en niños de Educación Infantil con riesgo de Trastorno o Desorden del Desarrollo de la Coordinación (DCD), a pesar de que esta edad es una de las etapas más importantes para el desarrollo motor y cognitivo. En este estudio, comparamos las habilidades de prealfabetización entre niños de infantil con riesgo de DCD y niños con desarrollo típico (TD). La muestra estuvo formada por 26 niños italianos, con una edad media de 5,1 años, de los cuales, 13 con riesgo de DCD y 13 TD que asistían a diferentes escuelas de Educación Infantil. Las habilidades de pre-alfabetización se midieron a través de diversas tareas derivadas de la batería italiana PRCR-2: semicírculos (A y B), identificación de letras y tiempo de nomenclatura de objetos. Los niños en riesgo de DCD mostraron un peor desempeño en todas estas evaluaciones de pre-alfabetización en comparación con los niños con TD. Se encontraron diferencias significativas..
Sports, executive functions and academic performance: a comparison between martial arts, team sports, and sedentary children
Full text linkIt is well known that curricular physical activity benefits children’s executive functions and academic performance. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether there is an influence of extracurricular sports on executive functions and academic performance. However, it is less known which specific types of the sport better enhance executive functions in children; to investigate this issue, this study compared the performance on executive functions tasks and academic performance in one hundred and two boys and girls with an average age of 11.84 years recruited from Italian schools and gyms (N = 102), who participated in martial arts or team sports or were sedentary children. Executive functions were measured with the tests: Attenzione e Concentrazione, Digit Span test, Tower of London, IOWA Gambling task BVN 5-11, and BVN 12-18. Results demonstrated that children practicing martial arts showed better executive functioning and higher school marks than those involved in team sports or not involved in any sports. Furthermore, participants aged 12 to 15 years old outperformed in cool and hot executive functions tasks and had a better academic perfor-mance. Thus, the present findings supported the view that regular practice of extracurricular sports enhances executive functions development and consequently influences academic performance
PARENTAL SHAME, GUILT AND NEED FRUSTRATION IN HOMEWORK STRESS: A COMPARISON AMONG LEARNING DISABILITIES AND TYPICALLY DEVELOPMENT STUDENTS
No full text- …
