6 research outputs found
Water and Development Challenges in Nigeria
No full textA paper presentation on Water and development challenges in Nigeria can never come at a better time than now. It has been carefully written, with respect to previous publications and works done in the light of the Water Sector of Nigeria. The Nigerian Government has long considered the provision of water supply and sanitation services to be the domain of the federal, state and local governments. However, the public sector has not been successful in meeting more than a small portion of the demand for water and sanitation of residential and commercial users. Services are in critically short supply. For example, out of the 85 million people living in urban and semi-urban areas, less than half have reasonable access to reliable water supply. It is the keen interest of the writer to bring forward the various challenges of the sector and probable solutions. It has been said, for the system to come alive, every mechanism of the system needs to be forthcoming. The Government should be the Referee; the policy making and implementing arm, the various investors and finally the populace, who doubles as the costumer and also the consumer. It is the expectation this work would generate the interest of the various Organs of the Nigerian Government, Water Sector Investors, NGOs, External Partners and the entire populace that we need to play our individual role to make the Sector a worthy one, thereby eradicating poverty, unemployment and various ills that seems to be contributed by this vague negligence and mass failure
Assessment Of The Use Of Autocad Package For Teaching And Learning Engineering Drawing In Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti
No full textDrawing is the language of engineers. Drawings encompass the architectural, civil, structural, and mechanical professions, and they are the means of conveying diagrammatic detailed aspects of the design components of a structure. This Study intends to investigate an assessment of the use of AutoCAD package for teaching and learning engineering drawing in Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti in Ekiti State. The investigation was carried out by administering (100) questionnaires to engineering drawing lecturers and Students of the college of engineering in the university. The Findings revealed that there are positive impacts created by AutoCAD package on teachers and Students towards the teaching and learning of AutoCAD package to teach engineering drawing in all the seven programmes in the college. Engineering drawing is done in Nigerian universities, polytechnics and colleges that offer courses in the areas of technical and vocational education (TVE), Architecture, urban and regional planning and engineering. The traditional teaching and learning of technical drawing in most Nigerian universities has been characterized by the use of such manual equipment and materials part of drawing board, dividers, compasses, set-squares, protractors, drawing paper, drawing pen, pencil, scales, and eraser among others. These manual tools and materials make drawing to be more time and energy consuming. Thus, the arrival of the 21st century information and communication technological facilities or technologies presented a more interesting and efficient facilities for the teaching and learning of technical drawing in institutions in Nigeria. The information and communication technologies that are utilized in the teaching and learning of technical drawing include computer hardware and software, computers, projectors, interactive broad, internet, scanners and so on. These are also known as computer assisted drafting/design tools. The details of these technological facilities /technologies are: Hardware : desktop and laptop computers with complete parts as key board, mouse, UPS, digitizing graphic tablet, plotter, digitizing pen, icons, scanners, projector, satellite and V-sat Software: AutoCAD, micro station, solid work, solid edge, Alibre, CATIA, NX, GTX5000, Power point, VRML, CorelDraw, spreadsheet ,graphics, database
Effectiveness of Palm Kernel Shell Ash Concrete Reinforced with Steel Fibres
No full textThe steadily increasing cost of cement has made construction very expensive in many countries of the world, coupled with the adverse effect of cement production on the environment. To solve these problems, studies have been made on various materials like Pozzolans which could be used as partial replacement for cement in concrete production. Palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) is the ash produced from burning of palm kernel shell thus, PKSA is used as partial replacement of cement in this study. This study investigated the effect of palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) as a partial replacement with ordinary Portland cement in high strength palm kernel shell ash concrete reinforced with steel fibres. The properties studied includes workability of fresh concrete, compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, and water absorption for hardened concrete. PKSA contents in mixes ranged between 0% and 50% by weight of cement and Steel fibre of 0.75% by volume of concrete was maintained in all mixes containing steel fibre. The use of palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) has advantages like; reduction in cost of concrete, solving environmental pollution problems as well as reduced the number of landfill areas required for disposing the PKSA. The results indicate that the inclusion of steel fibre into concrete contained ordinary Portland cement concrete or PKSA, improved the tensile strength properties. Further, it was observed that increase in percentage of PKSA led to a corresponding reduction in both flexural and compressive strength when compared with control concrete. Since the strength reduced with further addition of PKSA from 25%, it is recommended that optimum replacement level of ordinary Portland cement by Palm kernel shell ash is 25% for good compressive and tensile properties
Effects Of Guinea Corn Husk Ash And Lime Mixtures On Lateritic Soil For Highway Construction
No full textThis
study investigates the effects
of guinea corn husk ash and lime mixtures on
lateritic soil for highway construction. Preliminary
tests were carried out on the soil for the purposes
of identification and classification. The guinea
corn husk ash was added t
o the soil sample at
varying proportions of 2, 3 and 4
percentages
by
weight of soil and the lime was added to the soil
sample at varying proportions of 4, 6 and 8
percentages
by weight of soil. Each of these
mixes was subjected to engineering tests;
compa
ction, California bearing ratio (CBR) and
unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test. The
results of these tests showed that GCHA and lime
improved the soil properties. It can be concluded
that the guinea corn husk ash and lime modified
the poor soil sampl
e into being suitable for
subbase to reduce failures in highway pavement
Borehole Drilling, Usage, Maintenance and Sustainability in Ado- Ekiti, Nigeria
No full textBoreholes are an effective way of tapping into the water bearing aquifer below the ground and pumping the water to the surface. Boreholes for extracting water consist essentially of a vertically drilled shaft, a strong lining (casing) to prevent collapse of the walls, which includes a means of allowing clean water to enter the borehole space (screen), surface protection, and a means of extracting water. This study examines the common drilling techniques, usage, maintenance and sustainability of water boreholes in Ado-Ekiti. Pumping tests were carried on several boreholes in Ado-Ekiti to acquire a general idea of the yield of boreholes in order to proffer viable solution. Hydro geological maps of the area are studied to help in the understanding of the sub surface formation of the region. Questionnaires were also developed and administered in the assessment of borehole usage and maintenance. The study area is characterized by crystalline basement complex rock of low porosity and permeability. Boreholes have to be properly designed, professionally constructed and carefully drilled. It has been discovered that the area generally has low groundwater potential and that there is a high dependence on groundwater as a source for potable water
Propiedades mecánicas y térmicas de hormigones modificados con residuos plásticos triturados y pelletizados.
No full textLa imposibilidad de degradación del plástico residual afecta negativamente el medio ambiente. El aprovechamiento de los residuos plásticos en la producción de hormigón modificado ha permitido disminuir su conductividad y por tanto reducir los consumos energéticos necesarios para garantizar el confort térmico al interior de las edificaciones. El presente trabajo informa sobre la producción de mezclas y especímenes cilíndricos y prismáticos de concreto con residuos plásticos con procesamiento mecánico (en forma de hojuelas) y térmico (en forma de pellets) como sustitutos del 1.7%, 3.4% y 5% de la arena. Se llevaron a cabo ensayos experimentales para el cálculo de la densidad, la resistencia a compresión y la conductividad térmica de los especímenes. Los resultados experimentales dieron cuenta de la disminución la densidad y de la conductividad térmica, la cual proporcional al incremento en el contenido de desechos plásticos triturados y pelletizados. Los residuos plásticos triturados disminuyen la resistencia mecánica, sin embargo, el concreto preparado con un reemplazo de hormigón con 3.4% de residuos plásticos pelletizados mejora la resistencia a la compresión. Los resultados experimentales mostraron una mejora en las propiedades La adición de plásticos pelletizados mejora las propiedades mecánicas y térmicas del hormigón modificado.The non-biodegradable character of plastic wastes has a negative effect on the environment. The valorization of plastic in the production of concrete with lower thermal conductivity may contribute to decreasing the energy consumed to maintain indoor thermal comfort in buildings. The present study reports the preparation of mixes and cylindrical specimens of concrete with shredded and pelletized plastic wastes as replacements (1.7%, 3.4%, and 5%) for fine aggregates. Density, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity were measured. The experimental results demonstrated a decrease in density and thermal conductivity with increasing quantity of shredded and pelletized plastic wastes. Additionally, shredded plastic wastes have a negative effect by decreasing compressive strength. Concrete with 3.4% pelletized plastic presents the highest compressive strength. The incorporation of pelletized plastic improves the mechanical and thermal properties of modified concrete.Resumen. -- 1. Introducción. -- 2. Metodología. -- 2.1. Caracterización de los materiales precursores. -- 2.2. Diseño de mezcla de hormigón. -- 2.3. Elaboración de las mezclas y cilindros de hormigón. -- 2.4.Evaluacion de las propiedades mecánicas. -- 2.5. Evaluación de las propiedades térmicas. -- 3. Resultados y análisis. -- 4. Conclusiones. -- 5. [email protected]@[email protected]
