858 research outputs found
Partial intensity approach for quantitative analysis of reflection-electron-energy-loss spectra
No full textAbout Asymmetric Execution of the Asymmetric ElGamal Cipher
No full textThe paper continues the consideration of the concept of asymmetrically executable cryptosystems (ciphers), introduced by A. A. Varfolomeev at the SibCon 2016 and RusCrypto 2018 conferences, as applied to the ElGamal asymmetric cipher. These cryptosystems (ciphers) significantly increase the difficulty for an attacker to recover plain text with various regulatory restrictions on the size of cryptographic keys. A method for transforming a classical asymmetric cipher into an asymmetrically executable is proposed. © 2020 IEEE
Real time investigation of the initial stages of a-C films growth
No full texta-C films were deposited by rf-PACVD. Their growth rate, thickness, density and roughness were derived during deposition from time dependent X-ray reflectivity (XRR) at a wavelength of 1.54 A and at a fixed incidence angle of 18. It is shown that the film density and surface roughness are not constant at the initial stages of growth. The density increases with increasing film thickness, while the surface roughness depends on the substrate roughness. The evolution of these parameters was measured also while etching the film in oxygen plasma and revealed the smoothing effect brought about by etching to the carbon surfac
X-ray reflectivity study of the early stages of a-C:H film growth
No full textThe initial stages of hydrogenated amorphous carbon films growth are investigated by in situ and ex situ X-ray reflectivity (XRR) at a wavelength of 1.54 Å. Hydrogenated amorphous carbon films were deposited by rf-plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition. The results are considered in connection with the main models of film growth, namely, layer-by-layer or island (hemispherical, cylindrical) formation. It is shown that the film density increases at the initial stages of growth and different possible reasons for this are discusse
A study of capacitance-voltage characteristics of amorphous carbon multilayer nanostructures
No full textDark and illuminated capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics and admittance measurements were carried out on multilayer carbon structures.The latter were produced by depositing ultrathin amorphous carbon layers with different optical band gaps on a monocrystalline boron-doped silicon substrate.The carbon layers were grown either by magnetron sputtering (MS) of a graphite target in argon or by plasma ion beam deposition (IBD) in cyclohexane.The structures were characterised by X-ray reflectivity (XRR). With respect to their electrical properties, it was shown that light strongly affects both the C–V-characteristics and the admittance.The results were interpreted in terms of the energy levels in these amorphous carbon multilayer structure
Observation of photodiode and electroluminescence effects for a-C/a-C:H multilayer nanostructures on silicon
No full textSublimation study of six 5-Substituted-1,10-phenanthrolines by Knudsen effusion mass loss and solution calorimetry
No full textThe vapor pressures of six solid 5-X-1,10-phenanthrolines (where X = Cl, CH3, CN, OCH3, NH2, NO2) were determined in suitable temperature ranges by Knudsen Effusion Mass Loss (KEML). From the temperature dependencies of vapor pressure, the molar sublimation enthalpies, ΔcrgHm0(⟨T⟩), were calculated at the corresponding average ⟨T⟩ of the explored temperature ranges. Since to the best of our knowledge no thermochemical data seem to be available in the literature regarding these compounds, the ΔcrgHm0(⟨T⟩) values obtained by KEML experiments were adjusted to 298.15 K using a well known empirical procedure reported in the literature. The standard (p0 = 0.1 MPa) molar sublimation enthalpies, ΔcrgHm0(298.15 K), were compared with those determined using a recently proposed solution calorimetry approach, which was validated using a remarkable amount of thermochemical data of molecular compounds. For this purpose, solution enthalpies at infinite dilution of the studied 5-chloro and 5-methylphenantrolines in benzene were measured at 298.15 K. Good agreement was found between the values derived by the two different approaches, and final mean values of ΔcrgHm0(298.15 K) were recommended. Finally, the standard molar entropies and Gibbs energies of sublimation were also derived at T = 298.15 K. The volatilities of the six compounds were found to vary over a range of three orders of magnitude in the explored temperature range. The large difference in volatility was analyzed in the light of enthalpies and entropies of sublimation. The latter was tentatively put in relation to the rotational contribution of the substituent group on the phenanthroline unit
Erbium-doped thin amorphous carbon films prepared by mixed CVD-sputtering
No full textCarbon possesses the unique property to get hybridized in two different forms: the sp2 and the sp3. Moreover, carbon easily bonds with hydrogen and other chemical elements to form carbon-based materials with different properties. Here, Er3+-doped amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H) films deposited via a mixed CVD magnetron sputtering process are studied. The deposition parameters are related to the physical and optical properties of the Er-doped carbon film
On the Issue of Self-defense against Non-State Subjects
No full textTrying to develop the current ideas on the right of self-defense, the author comes to a conclusion that the law basis and consequences of an armed response to threats paused by state and non-state subjects are different. He examines the reasonability to correct the indirect aggression definition for those cases when a state let a non-state actor use its territory to attack another state. Also he estimates the compliance of the Russian internal law with the International Security law in regards to the right of self-defense
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