51 research outputs found
Characteristics of hydrogen sensors based on thin tin dioxide films modified with gold
No full textEffect of hydrogen in the concentration range from 10 to 2000 ppm on the characteristics of sensors based on thin films of tin dioxide modified with gold (Au/SnO2:Sb, Au) is studied in the thermo-cyclic mode at temperatures from 623 to 773 K and absolute humidity from 2.5 to 20 g/m3. Experimental data are discussed using expressions obtained within the framework of a model that takes into account the presence of three types of adsorbed particles (O¯, OH, and OH¯) on the surface of SnO2 nanocrystals. The characteristics of the sensors based on thin Pt/Pd/SnO2:Sb films (the first series) are compared with those of Au/SnO2:Sb, Au films (the second series). It is found that the degree of dissociation of molecular hydrogen into atoms during adsorption on the sensor under interaction with Au particles on the SnO2 surface is 4 times greater than that under interaction with Pt/Pd particles. The degree of dissociation of H2O molecules into hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups in pure moist air on the surface of the sensors of the second series is 1.6 times greater than that for the sensors of the first series. Thus, gold is a more effective stimulator of the dissociation of H2 and H2O molecules than platinum and palladium. A formula is obtained that describes more accurately the dependence of the response of the sensors of both series to the effect of hydrogen on the concentration of this gas and on the temperature of the measuring devices
Dependences of characteristics of sensors based on tin dioxide on the hydrogen concentration and humidity of gas mixture
No full textAn expression is obtained for the energy band bending eφsH on the surface of the SnO2 film in the clean air + hydrogen mixture. It is assumed that the value of eφsH depends not only on the surface charge density of adsorbed oxygen ions O¯, but also on the negative charged hydroxyl groups (OH¯). The results of the analysis of the dependences of eφsH on the hydrogen concentration {mathrm{n}}_{{mathrm{H}}_2} and the absolute humidity of the gas mixture obtained during the operation of the sensor in the thermo-cyclic mode are presented. A method for the determining {mathrm{n}}_{{mathrm{H}}_2} in the examined gas mixture is proposed. The method based on the dependence of eφsH on the hydrogen concentration established during the calibration of the sensor is proposed. The dependences of the energy band bending on the SnO2 surface at {mathrm{n}}_{{mathrm{H}}_2} = 0 and the conductivity of the sensor on its temperature during the heating period are discussed
Characteristics of hydrogen sensors based on thin tin dioxide films modified with gold
No full textEffect of hydrogen in the concentration range from 10 to 2000 ppm on the characteristics of sensors based on thin films of tin dioxide modified with gold (Au/SnO2:Sb, Au) is studied in the thermo-cyclic mode at temperatures from 623 to 773 K and absolute humidity from 2.5 to 20 g/m3. Experimental data are discussed using expressions obtained within the framework of a model that takes into account the presence of three types of adsorbed particles (O¯, OH, and OH¯) on the surface of SnO2 nanocrystals. The characteristics of the sensors based on thin Pt/Pd/SnO2:Sb films (the first series) are compared with those of Au/SnO2:Sb, Au films (the second series). It is found that the degree of dissociation of molecular hydrogen into atoms during adsorption on the sensor under interaction with Au particles on the SnO2 surface is 4 times greater than that under interaction with Pt/Pd particles. The degree of dissociation of H2O molecules into hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups in pure moist air on the surface of the sensors of the second series is 1.6 times greater than that for the sensors of the first series. Thus, gold is a more effective stimulator of the dissociation of H2 and H2O molecules than platinum and palladium. A formula is obtained that describes more accurately the dependence of the response of the sensors of both series to the effect of hydrogen on the concentration of this gas and on the temperature of the measuring devices
Dependences of characteristics of sensors based on tin dioxide on the hydrogen concentration and humidity of gas mixture
No full textAn expression is obtained for the energy band bending eφsH on the surface of the SnO2 film in the clean air + hydrogen mixture. It is assumed that the value of eφsH depends not only on the surface charge density of adsorbed oxygen ions O¯, but also on the negative charged hydroxyl groups (OH¯). The results of the analysis of the dependences of eφsH on the hydrogen concentration {mathrm{n}}_{{mathrm{H}}_2} and the absolute humidity of the gas mixture obtained during the operation of the sensor in the thermo-cyclic mode are presented. A method for the determining {mathrm{n}}_{{mathrm{H}}_2} in the examined gas mixture is proposed. The method based on the dependence of eφsH on the hydrogen concentration established during the calibration of the sensor is proposed. The dependences of the energy band bending on the SnO2 surface at {mathrm{n}}_{{mathrm{H}}_2} = 0 and the conductivity of the sensor on its temperature during the heating period are discussed
Effect of humidity on characteristics of hydrogen sensors based on nanocrystalline SnO2 thin films with various catalysts
No full textEffect of humidity on characteristics of hydrogen sensors based on nanocrystalline SnO2 thin films with various catalysts
No full textEffect of gold and nickel co-additives on gas-sensitive characteristics of SnO2 thin-film on exposure to hydrogen and nitrogen dioxide
No full textThe results of investigation of the gas-sensitive properties of sensors based on the tin dioxide thin films with combined additives of gold and nickel obtained by the DC - magnetron sputtering are presented. The investigated sensors are characterized by a high response to low concentrations of NO2 of 0.45 – 10.23 ppm at temperatures of 50 – 150 °C with response time of 10 s. The sensitivity of sensors to hydrogen appears at the temperature of 250 °C. The hydrogen sensors are characterized by high reproducibility of the measurement results. The obtained results are explained by the synergistic effect of gold and nickel additives, as well as the ability of the Ni to prevent the interaction of hydrogen with lattice oxygen atoms in the subsurface part of tin dioxide
Stability of characteristics of resistive hydrogen sensors based on thin tin dioxide films with deposited catalysts Pt and Pd
No full textStability of characteristics of resistive hydrogen sensors based on thin tin dioxide films with deposited catalysts Pt and Pd
No full textStability of characteristics of resistive hydrogen sensors based on thin tin dioxide films with deposited catalysts Pt and Pd
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