23 research outputs found
Structure-acidity-IR spectra correlations for p-substituted N-phenylsulfonylbenzamides
No full textThe wavenumbers of the IR absorption bands of the C=O, S=O and N-H stretching vibrations for a series of p-substituted N-phenylsulfonylbenzamides were measured in trichloromethane. The bond orders, Mulliken charges, charge densities and heats of formation were calculated using the PM3 method. Fifty significant mutual mono parameter (MP) and six dual parameter (DP) correlations were found for the IR spectral, theoretical structural data, substituent constants and previously reported dissociation constants in five polar organic solvents. The transmission of the substituent effects has been discussed and the solvent effect on the slopes of some linear correlations was evaluated using different solvent parameters. The results showed that the factors describing the electronic structure and controlling the dissociation equilibrium and the IR spectra properties of p-substituted N-phenylsulfonylbenzamides must be the same
The Experience Of Completion:Female Counselor Education Graduates Process of Degree Attainment
No full textThis research was a constructivist grounded theory study exploring what experiences facilitated doctoral degree completion for female CES degree recipients. Researchers have discovered that women doctoral students are at greater risk for not completing their doctoral degrees. Additionally, there is a dearth of information related to how CES women doctoral graduates persist to degree completion. Therefore, the research question that guided the current study was: What doctoral education experiences facilitated degree completion for CES women doctoral degree recipients? The researcher utilized purposeful sampling and sought a diverse sample of volunteer participants. Six female participants, one of whom was a woman of color, were selected for the study. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed consistent with the process of grounded theory. The theory, themes, categories, and subcategories emerged from the data. Data revealed the overall theory to be: The Process of Completion as an Inter-Connected System of Experiences with Self and Others. The two main themes included in the theory were: (a) Relationships as Sources of Support and Catalysts for Growth and (b) Navigating Obstacles. The categories that comprise the theme Relationships as Sources of Support and Catalysts for Growth were: (a) Personal Growth and Development Occurs through Relationships with Others and (b) Professional Growth and Development Occurs through Relationships with Others. The categories that comprise the theme Navigating Obstacles were: (a) Navigating Systemic Obstacles and (b) Navigating Individual Obstacles. The results of this research were discussed in relation to existing literature and implications for the CES field were identified
Humanistic Pedagogy in Online Counselor Education
No full textThis article explores the integration of humanistic pedagogy in online counselor education. Humanistic pedagogy, based on the affirmation of the dignity of every human being, allows the educational experience to be student-centered and focused on crafting dignity and autonomy of the adult learner. The article presents specific class activities to showcase humanistic opportunities within online counselor education, aiming to increase presence, encourage students to bring real-life experiences into the online classroom, and promote the wellness of the whole person. The integration of humanistic pedagogy in online counselor education is a promising approach that can benefit both students and instructors alik
SOLVENT SENSITIVITY OF THE WAVE-NUMBER CHARACTERIZING THE CARBONYL STRETCHING VIBRATION OF N-CYCLOHEXYL-2-PYRROLIDINONE DISSOLVED IN PURE LIQUIDS AND IN MIXTURES FORMED BY HEXANE AND DEUTERIOTRICHLOROMETHANE AT 298.2-K
No full textThe dependence of nuBAR(C=O) on solvent for N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NCP) as solute in 18 pure solvents can be described using a two-parameter equation based on the Taft-Kamlet pi* (dipolarity/polarisability) and alpha proton donor parameters. In alcoholic solvents two bands are recorded, the band at the lower wavenumber following the correlation. When CDCl3 is added to a solution of NCP in hexane, nuBAR(C-O) shifts to lower wavenumbers but over a range of mixture compositions two bands are also observed characteristic of the carbonyl group in NCP. The origin of these bands is discussed in terms of two types of hydrogen bonding together with their individual dependences on mixture composition. Comparisons are drawn with the solvent sensitivities of nuBAR(C-O) for propanone, cyclohexanone and dimethylacetamide
The Solvent Mixture Sensitivity of Carbonyl Stretching Frequencies of 2-Pyrrolidinones and Related Compounds
No full textThe carbonyl stretching frequencies of 1-substituted 2-pyrrolidinones and related compounds were measured in binary mixtures of hexane-CDCl3 and acetonitrile-D2O and plotted against the mole fraction of the less polar co-solvent The v(C=O) vs. mole fraction correlations enabled to recognize and assign all species resulting from solvent-solute interactions in binary mixtures. The slopes of the above dependencies for species with angular hydrogen bonds correlate well with the carbonyl group relative basicities and reveal that the solvent sensitivity of species in organic hexane-CDCl3 mixtures remarkably depends on the steric effects of substituents in the vicinity of the C=O group. On the other hand a similar dependence for aqueous acetonitrile-D2O mixtures indicates that n(C=O) sensitivity is proportional to the alkyl group effects as expected in Taft substituent constants.
Sustainable models for the wastewater treatment under the Environmental Management approach.
No full textIn Brazil, the sanitation sector exhibits a lack of attention to the quality of water resources, causing, in the last decades, pressures that have compromised the quality and availability of water for the population. The country is ranked among the worst countries with effluent treatment systems, where more than half of the Brazilian population does not have access to the sewage collection network, putting the health of the residents and the environment at risk. Therefore, the challenge is to promote changes in the sanitary quality management process and to initiate decentralized processes. The knowledge of non-conventional techniques aims to enable the promotion of quality of life for the population, as well as the preservation of the environment, in pursuit of sustainability. Permacultural design models for domestic sewage treatment can be applied in order to avoid inappropriate disposal in watercourses, as well as taking advantage of the benefits generated by the application of these processes. These systems in several ecovillages serves as an example of alternative social project; in addition, it can be used to clarify doubts about sanitation in the region and promote the concept of sustainable development for the whole community. The techniques used in permaculture systems for the treatment of sewage, such as compostable dry sanitation, evapotranspiration basin, circle of banana plants, biosystems and composting, transform it and add value, bringing a solution to the problems, allowing healthy ecosystems continuing to develop without being exhausted. The present work aimed to identify and describe techniques for sewage treatment, as far as its applicability, proposing an alternative due to the necessity for new paradigms and the current conditions of coverage and sanitation service in Brazil.Não recebi financiamentoNo Brasil, o setor de saneamento exibe no geral um quadro de desatenção com a qualidade dos recursos hídricos, provocando, sobretudo nas últimas décadas, pressões que têm comprometido a qualidade e a disponibilidade da água para a população. O país está no ranking dos piores países com sistemas de tratamento de efluentes, onde mais da metade da população brasileira não tem acesso à rede de coleta de esgoto, colocando em risco a saúde dos moradores e o ambiente. Portanto, o desafio é promover mudanças no processo de gestão de qualidade sanitária e iniciar processos descentralizados. O conhecimento de técnicas não convencionais visa possibilitar a promoção de qualidade de vida para a população, bem como a preservação do ambiente, em busca da sustentabilidade. Os modelos do design permacultural para o tratamento de esgoto doméstico podem ser aplicados com a finalidade de evitar o descarte inadequado em cursos d’água, bem como de aproveitar os benefícios gerados pela aplicação desses processos. A implantação desses sistemas em diversas ecovilas serve como exemplo de projeto social alternativo; além disso, pode ser utilizada para esclarecer as dúvidas sobre o saneamento básico da região e promover o conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável para toda comunidade. As técnicas utilizadas em sistemas de permacultura para o tratamento de esgoto, tais como sanitário seco compostável, bacia de evapotranspiração, círculo de bananeiras, biossistemas e compostagem, transformam-no e agregam valor, trazendo uma proposta de solução aos problemas, permitindo que se viva em ecossistemas saudáveis que continuem se desenvolvendo sem se esgotar. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e descrever as técnicas para o tratamento de esgoto, bem como sua aplicabilidade, propondo uma alternativa devido à necessidade de novos paradigmas e as condições atuais de cobertura e atendimento do setor de saneamento no Brasil
SOLVENT SENSITIVITY OF THE WAVE-NUMBER CHARACTERIZING THE CARBONYL STRETCHING VIBRATION OF N-CYCLOHEXYL-2-PYRROLIDINONE DISSOLVED IN PURE LIQUIDS AND IN MIXTURES FORMED BY HEXANE AND DEUTERIOTRICHLOROMETHANE AT 298.2-K
No full textThe dependence of nuBAR(C=O) on solvent for N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NCP) as solute in 18 pure solvents can be described using a two-parameter equation based on the Taft-Kamlet pi* (dipolarity/polarisability) and alpha proton donor parameters. In alcoholic solvents two bands are recorded, the band at the lower wavenumber following the correlation. When CDCl3 is added to a solution of NCP in hexane, nuBAR(C-O) shifts to lower wavenumbers but over a range of mixture compositions two bands are also observed characteristic of the carbonyl group in NCP. The origin of these bands is discussed in terms of two types of hydrogen bonding together with their individual dependences on mixture composition. Comparisons are drawn with the solvent sensitivities of nuBAR(C-O) for propanone, cyclohexanone and dimethylacetamide.</p
THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION OF INFRARED-SPECTRA OF N-CYCLOHEXYL-2-PYRROLIDONE IN MIXTURES OF HEXANE AND CDCL3
No full textThe infrared spectra of N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone (NCP) in binary mixtures of hexane and CDCl3 were interpreted theoretically in the region of C=O stretching vibrations using the AMI semiempirical method. The results were compared with those obtained for N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), cyclohexanone (CX) and propanone (PR). Good correlations were found between the carbonyl stretching frequencies and the theoretical parameters of free and solvated species in equilibria with hexane-CDCl3 solvent mixtures.</p
THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION OF INFRARED-SPECTRA OF N-CYCLOHEXYL-2-PYRROLIDONE IN MIXTURES OF HEXANE AND CDCL3
No full textThe infrared spectra of N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone (NCP) in binary mixtures of hexane and CDCl3 were interpreted theoretically in the region of C=O stretching vibrations using the AMI semiempirical method. The results were compared with those obtained for N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), cyclohexanone (CX) and propanone (PR). Good correlations were found between the carbonyl stretching frequencies and the theoretical parameters of free and solvated species in equilibria with hexane-CDCl3 solvent mixtures.</p
THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION OF INFRARED-SPECTRA OF N-CYCLOHEXYL-2-PYRROLIDONE IN MIXTURES OF HEXANE AND CDCL3
No full textThe infrared spectra of N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone (NCP) in binary mixtures of hexane and CDCl3 were interpreted theoretically in the region of C=O stretching vibrations using the AMI semiempirical method. The results were compared with those obtained for N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), cyclohexanone (CX) and propanone (PR). Good correlations were found between the carbonyl stretching frequencies and the theoretical parameters of free and solvated species in equilibria with hexane-CDCl3 solvent mixtures
