5,954 research outputs found
Gli spostamenti testuali nei sottotitoli come strumento per la riorganizzazione delle informazioni
No full textQuesto contributo nasce dall’esigenza di dare visibilità a un fenomeno collaterale e poco studiato nell’ambito della sottotitolazione, quello degli spostamenti testuali. Occorrenze di spostamenti testuali sono state riscontrate durante un’analisi finalizzata alla ricerca di casi di esplicitazione nel testo sottotitolato (Perego, 2003a, 2003b). La regolarità del fenomeno, pur non particolarmente frequente, ha stimolato l’interesse e la riflessione in questa direzione
Introduzione
No full textIl contributo traccia rapidamnte e in prospettiva critica i contenuti dei contributi provenienti rielaborati a seguito della Giornata intorno all’audiodescrizione filmica per i ciechi e gli ipovedenti, che si è svolta
il 19 aprile 2013 a Trieste, e alcuni contributi supplementatri sul tema. I contributi hanno lo scopo di fare luce sull’audiodescrizione filmica e sul progetto europeo ADLAB (2011-1014). Il volume è dedicato alla sola audiodescrizione filmica, scelta che ne ha dete4rminato la natura degli interventi, che non toccano, se non tangenzialmente,i temi dell’audiodescrizione per l’opera, per il teatro, per la danza, per gli eventi sportivi o religiosi, per i musei
Humour and audiovisual translation: An overview
No full textThe paper offers a brief overview of the history of audiovisual translation with a focus on humour and the difficulties implied in translating it
La tomba del Tifone: effetti speciali etruschi
No full textGli autori esaminano la Tomba del Tifone di Tarquinia da tre diversi punti di vista archeologici: architettura e impaginato (G. Bagnasco Gianni); pittura tombale (M. Marzullo); scelte iconografiche legate a creature mostruose (L. Perego
A mixed-mode cohesive model accounting for small to large openings transition
No full textThis work addresses the formulation of a new mixed-mode cohesive model, able to handle the transition from small to large openings: the proposed model is an extension of the isotropic damage model formulated in [Confalonieri and Perego, JSSCM, 11-2, 2017] for the simulation of mixed-mode delamination with variable mode-ratio, under the assumption of small relative displacements
Accessible communication: A cross-country journey
No full textEasy-to-Understand (E2U) text practices enable and facilitate accessible communication. E2U refers both to Plain and to Easy Language. These two powerful methods of language and content comprehension enhancement are illustrated through several examples in English, starting from the seminal role of the Anglophone world in promoting plain and lucid style. Originally implemented in written texts, today the employment of these simplified language varieties cannot be limited to the written mode, but should infiltrate new communication services that are more complex and multifaceted. Thanks to the EASIT project the integration of E2U strategies into a selection of audiovisual services is being successfully researched.
After advancing simplification proposals in the area of subtitling and audio description, Elisa Perego reports on the results of a cross-country survey conducted during the initial stages of the EASIT project: She pinpoints the background, activity, and training experience of those who currently work in the sector of E2U in Europe, and identifies the skills and the competences of, as well as a training path and materials for, future hybrid professionals such as the E2U subtitler, the E2U audio describer and the E2U journalist
Empirical research in accessible audiovisual translation: general remarks and a case study on audio description
No full textEmpirical research is research based on the systematic observation and descrip-tion of evidence in order to develop theories on how something works. Empiri-cal research methods test given working hypotheses using observation and ex-periments, and they are common in some areas of study, such as psychology and sociology, but still neglected in other areas (Goodwin 2005). In particular, the field of audiovisual translation (AVT) does not have a long and strong empirical tradition. However, the studies conducted in Belgium by the team of psycholo-gist led by Géry d’Ydewalle back in the 1980s opened the way to this new ap-proach, which soon started to attract the attention of several researchers around Europe and the US. In AVT, empirical research deals mainly with the observation of user reactions and preferences to given translation methods (e.g. subtitling or dubbing) or translation solutions (e.g. literal translation vs. edited translation). It is therefore used to understand the objective mechanisms of the audiovisual product recep-tion in order to identify what are the real (vs. supposed) advantages and disad-vantages of the tested translation method or solution. This is particularly im-portant because through the measurement of user experience, it is possible to assess whether existing translation methods or standards are effective or need revision. The attention to the user reaction to an audiovisual product has become even more important when accessible audiovisual translation started to gain momentum. If standard audiences have the ability to adapt easily to more or less 1Preparation of this article was partly supported by The University of Trieste Research Fund FRA 2013 (Towards an empirical evaluation of audiovisual translation: A new integrat-ed approach) and FRA 2015 (Access through translation: Audio description for museums) both awarded to Elisa Perego.
complex translation situations (d’Ydewalle and De Bruycker 2007) and to com-pensate for translational or structural inconsistencies found in the translated product (e.g. bad subtitle line breaks, Perego et al. 2010), sensorially disabled users might benefit more easily from products that fully comply with their spe-cific needs
Audio Description for the Arts: A Linguistic Perspective
No full textThis book traces the development of audio description (AD), a form of audiovisual translation delivered orally and consumed aurally that makes visual elements accessible primarily to people who are visually impaired, and in particular, art AD as an emergent sub-genre. Perego reflects on the static arts and the role of modern museums as key sites for art AD and multisensory environments that create memorable experiences for visitors. Based on professional, pre-recorded British and American English AD scripts, this book outlines the linguistic features of art AD and its most relevant textual patterns. It explores diverse AD practices across different contexts, including stand-alone ADs for specific paintings and sculptures that can be consumed independently to enhance the appeal and accessibility of cultural environments. Moreover, the book investigates AD tours, which provide descriptions of a selection of interconnected artworks while also assisting, through focused instructions, visually impaired individuals in navigating the museum space, as well as touch tours, which incorporate procedural instructions on how to experience three-dimensional art or reproductions through tactile senses. Offering unique insights and future research directions for this growing area, this volume will be of interest to students and scholars in translation studies and media accessibility
Blade cutting of thin walled structures by explicit dynamics finite elements
No full textIn cohesive crack propagation induced by blade cutting, it is necessary to consider the blade radius of curvature as a characteristic length additional to the shell thickness and to the cohesive process zone length, which usually characterize crack propagation in thin walled structures. When the finite element simulation of a blade cutting process is considered, these three lengths need to be properly resolved. The blade radius of curvature can be orders of magnitude smaller than the shell thickness and the cohesive process zone. Furthermore, the transition from a continuous mesh to a mesh containing a crack with a cohesive interface is well known to be critical for solution accuracy. Nodal equilibrium is in general violated during the transition, with subsequent generation of spurious stress oscillations that, in view of the non-reversible nature of the problem, can lead to significant inaccuracies in the stress response. The smallest length, i.e. the blade radius of curvature, is here resolved using the so called directional cohesive element model as in Pagani and Perego (CMAME 285:515–541, 2015), while the structural thickness is modeled using solid-shell elements. The concept of directional cohesive elements is here extended for application to the case of cutting by scissors. As for the cohesive process zone length, different modeling options are discussed in terms of their capability to reduce the spurious oscillations and to provide an accurate estimate of the cutting parameters. Numerical tests are presented to validate the proposed modeling strategies. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media B.V
The audio description professional
No full textAudio description (AD) for people with sight loss is a mediation service that connects them with visual reality through the work of a still not fully recognized professional figure: the audio describer. In spite of the current promotion of an inclusive society and the growing need for accessible products, AD professionals are still few and often untrained. To address this situation, the European project ADLAB PRO aimed to define a curriculum for ensuring professional AD implementation in all cultural and media sectors, and to create flexible and customizable training materials to develop or upgrade the AD professional profile. In this chapter, we will rely on project results to outline the current AD training practices in Europe, the sociological profile of the AD professional, and his/her required skills and competences. As to the training, we will answer questions about how necessary it is, who actually provides it, to what extent universities should be involved, and what describers think would be most useful, thus revealing the complexity and the hybridity of the AD professional as well as the need for a new training perspective
- …
