1,721,022 research outputs found
Il turismo equestre. Quadro nazionale e prospettive di crescita
No full text1. Un quadro di partenza sul turismo equestre
2. L’offerta e la domanda di turismo equestre in Italia: un’indagine tra gli operatori di turismo equestre in Italia
2.1. L'indagine
2.2. I dati sull’offerta di turismo equestre in Italia
2.3. I dati sulla domanda di turismo equestre in Italia
3. Le prospettive future
4. Linee guida per il settore
4.1. Linee guida per gli operatori equestri
4.2. Linee guida per gli operatori turistici
4.3 Linee guida per le istituzioni e gli enti turistici delle destinazioni
5. Conclusion
Epoxidation of olefins catalyzed by coordinatively unsaturated phosphino-complexes of ruthenium(II) and osmium(II).
No full textHypochlorite-oxyfunctionalization of saturated hydrocarbons catalyzed by ruthenium(II) complexes
No full textCompetitive Catalytic Epoxidation and Oxidative Cleavage of Stilbene by Ruthenium Complexes
No full textEntrepreneurial Culture in Logistics and Freight Transport: Cross-industry and Cross-country Analysis
No full textOxidation of nitrobenzene, chlorobenzenes and chlorophenols using liquid-phase ruthenium catalysts
No full textRuthenium trichloride and various ruthenium(II) complexes, such as [Ru(H2O)(2) (L)(4)](BF4)(2) and [RuCl2(L)(4)] (L=DMSO), are effective catalysts for the complete oxidation of substituted aromatics at ambient temperature and in the liquid phase (double phase or water with suitable amounts of a surfactant agent) in the presence of an oxidizing agent, preferably monopersulfate. The oxidation of benzoic acid, chloro-, bromo-, iodo- and nitrobenzene and a number of polychlorobenzenes and polychlorophenols was followed by monitoring the nature and the relative amounts of the final products; chlorinated substrates are mainly converted into hydrochloric acid and carbon dioxide. Factors such as solvent, substrate, oxidant and concentration affect the reactions. The most favorable reaction conditions require the presence of polar media, like nitromethane or water. The fate of the catalyst during the various stages of the reactions was followed, which gave indications of the nature of the active species involved. The overall results imply that a strongly oxidizing ruthenium derivative is responsible for the effective oxidation with monopersulfate, tentatively a highly reactive peroxoruthenium species [Ru-O-O-SO3H]. Oxidation of chlorobenzene is first order in both the substrate and the catalysts and an n (or inverse) kinetic isotope effect is measured. The rates of the oxidation of mono-substituted benzenes depend upon the degree of deactivation of the aromatic ring, thus suggesting an initial electrophilic attack followed by a series of faster steps. Phenol and polychlorophenols are more sensitive to oxidation than substituted benzenes
Ruthenium-Catalyzed Oxidation of Alkylaromatics by Persulfate with Preferential Oxidative Fission of the Benzene Ring
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