138 research outputs found
Geographical Distribution of the Eco-Environmental Impacts Caused by Human Activities in River Deltas & Estuaries, in Italy and Greece.
No full textThe long lasting cooperation between Grece and Italy through geological survey, permits to compare river deltas and estuaries in the two countrie
EFFICIENCY WAGES, INFLATION AND GROWTH
No full textThe efficiency wage hypothesis is introduced and a work effort function is specified in which labor productivity depends on the distribution of income between wages and profits and the general level of output. The function is then incorporated in a structuralist-Keynesian growth model in which investment decisions depend on income distribution, inflation and the level of output. A ¡®conflict theory of inflation¡¯ is then developed in which wage and price change depend on real income aspirations and the rate of employment. It is, then, shown that changes in income distribution exert a direct effect, via aggregate demand, and an indirect effect, via work effort, on output and inflation. The two separate effects may be complementary or contradictory. The direction and magnitude of the overall impact on inflation and growth depends on institutional factors, such as the specification of the effort function, the different savings propensities, the determinants of capital accumulation and the state of income distribution.Efficiency Wages, Conflict Inflation, Growth
A data-driven approach to measuring epidemiological susceptibility risk around the world
No full textEpidemic outbreaks are extreme events that become more frequent and severe, associated with large social and real costs. It is therefore important to assess whether countries are prepared to manage epidemiological risks. We use a fully data-driven approach to measure epidemiological susceptibility risk at the country level using time-varying information. We apply both principal component analysis (PCA) and dynamic factor model (DFM) to deal with the presence of strong cross-section dependence in the data. We conduct extensive in-sample model evaluations of 168 countries covering 17 indicators for the 2010–2019 period. The results show that the robust PCA method accounts for about 90% of total variability, whilst the DFM accounts for about 76% of the total variability. Our index could therefore provide the basis for developing risk assessments of epidemiological risk contagion. It could be also used by organizations to assess likely real consequences of epidemics with useful managerial implications
New Proposals for the Coastal Zone. Cartography and its Applications: the Venetian Lagoon Example
No full textCartography, especially digital cartography, will be useful not only for geographers and geologists, but also for economic managers and planners
The impact of entrepreneurial team experience on the speed of new venture internationalization
No full textFrame of the research: The international experience and orientation of the entrepreneur are one of the dominant explanations for early and accelerated new venture internationalization. We put this explanation to test by investigating the impact of multiple, nuanced dimensions of prior experience on the speed of reaching significant international sales and by extending the view from the individual to that of the team.
Purpose of the paper: International entrepreneurship studies have predominantly focused on the individual’s role in international expansion, neglecting the overall team experience and knowledge. This study relates a variety of experience dimensions that characterize the team to the speed of reaching significant foreign sales.
Methodology: Upper Echelon theory is transferred to the context of the new, small firm and used to theorize the impact of entrepreneurial team experience on the venture’s speed to reaching significant export intensity. Special attention is paid to the many facets of experiential knowledge. An OLS regression is employed on a set of 98 Italian and German new ventures.
Results: Results of the OLS regression confirm the importance of the teams’ industry experience, while, surprisingly, international experience exerts a significant but negative effect on the speed required to reach significant foreign sales. Experience in import-export related functions and gained in MNEs, as well as foreign language competence, do not show significant impact.
Research limitations: The limited sample size does not allow to single out all experience variables.
Practical implications: Practitioners and entrepreneurs who pursue fast international expansion get insight into the ‘ideal’ composition of the team.
Originality of the paper: To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to empirically analyze the impact of the many dimensions of prior team experience on the speed of internationalization
Human interventions and alterations of the geomorphological characteristics in parts of the coastal area in the Ionian coasts (Ipiros-Greece)
No full textAccording to data results from in situ observations and the interpretation of aerial photography of the past, it arises that in general therms the state of the coasts in the study area is fragile, while there is a predominant tendency of regression of the coast line towards the inland
On the efficient synthesis of short financial time series: A Dynamic Factor Model approach
No full textIn this paper, we present a fully data-driven statistical approach to building a synthetic index based on intrinsic information of the considered ecosystem, namely the financial one. Among the several methods made available in the literature, we propose the employment of a Dynamic Factor Model approach which allows us to compare observations at hand in space and time. We contribute to the research field by offering a statistically sound methodology which goes beyond state-of-the-art techniques on dimension reduction, mainly based on Principal Component Analysis. We adopt a country-by-country fitting strategy to elicit the inner country-specific characteristics and then we combine results together by means of a Vector Autoregressive and Kalman filter approach. To this aim, we analyze a set of 17 Financial Soundness Indicators provided by the International Monetary Fund ranging from 2010 to 2020 for 116 countries that span the globe, including both strong and developing economies. Results show that our index is able to identify banking and debt crisis and the contribution of the latent variables can isolate countries that experienced crisis, representing a valid aid to policy makers and institutions in understanding countries movements, reactions and suffering periods
Comparative observations of the temporal geomorphological evolution of coastal zones in Greece and Northeastern Italy
No full textThe erosion phenomena - regression of extended parts of the coastal line, are a common element for both Greece as well as for Northeastern Italy and are seen even in areas where in the past there was a strong tendency of the coastline to move forward.
The common factor for this environmental destabilisation is the uncontrolled and unplanned human inerventions and most importantly the intensive exploitation of teh natural resources and the irrational economic exploitation of the coastal area and of the uphill ouflow basins. The present work, using the method of comparative observation attempts to define the individual causes which have led to the environmental destabilisation of the coastal parts under study,which are located in the outfalls of the rivers Arachthos (Western Greece) and Nestos (Northern Greece) and also in upper Adriatic Coasts (Italy)
Sediment Transfer and Geomorphological Evolution in River Systems & Coastal Zones in Italy, Romania and Greece
No full textThis work deals with with the comparative account and evaluation of the impact to the environment and especially the changes to the sediments transfer and geomorphological evolution in river systems and coastal zones in Italy, Romania, and Greece
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