73 research outputs found
Detection and characterization of phytoplasmas infecting five plant species in Egypt
No full textSamples of orange, hibiscus, peach, olive and pepper plants showing symptoms of dwarf branches with shortened internodes,
leaf deformation and chlorosis, proliferation of axillary buds, yellowing, twisting and streaks together with samples from
asymptomatic plants of the same age were collected from El-Behira and Alexandria Governorates, Egypt during 2015-2016.
The samples were tested to verify phytoplasma presence by nested PCR assays using the ribosomal gene amplifying primers
R16F2n/R2 on the P1/P7 1: 30 diluted amplicons as template. Amplification bands were obtained only from samples collected
from symptomatic plants, and the RFLP analyses with informative restriction enzymes indicated that detected phytoplasmas
belonged to 16SrII-D subgroup. These phytoplasmas are reported for the first time to infect olive trees, and for the first time
in Egypt in peach, orange and hibiscus plants
Independent of DAZL-T54A variant and AZF microdeletion in a sample of Egyptian patients with idiopathic non-obstructed azoospermia
No full textMohammed M El Shafae,1 Jehan H Sabry,1 Eman G Behiry,1 Hanan H Sabry,2 Mona A Salim,1 Alaaeldin G Fayez3 1Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt; 2Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt; 3Department of Molecular Genetics and Enzymology, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt Background: The microdeletion events that occur in the Y chromosome-azoospermia factor (AZF) region may lead to dyszoospermia. Also, the deleted azoospermia (DAZ) gene on AZFc and autosomal deleted azoospermia like gene (DAZL) are suggested to represent impairment, so it is interesting to determine the independency pattern of the AZF region and DAZL gene in azoospermic patients. Aim: To study the molecular characterization of AZFc and DAZL in 64 idiopathic non-obstructed azoospermia patients and 30 sexually reproductive men. Methods: SYBR Green I (Q-PCR) and AZF-STS analysis was used for DAZ gene, and SNV-PCR and confirmative Sanger sequencing for DAZL gene. Results: The present study observed that 15.6% had AZFc microdeletion, out of which 10% had DAZ1/2 deletion, and no T54A variant in the DAZL gene was found. Conclusion: In the current work, the novelty is that spermatogenic impairment phenotype, present with AZFc microdeletions, is independent of the T54A variant in the DAZL gene, and AZFc microdeletions could be a causative agent in spermatogenic impairment. Keywords: male infertility, azoospermia, AZF, DAZL, deletio
Ground‐Penetrating Radar to Map Subsurface Rock Conditions at the Dream Island, El‐Montazah Bay, Alexandria, Egypt
No full text
Empfindlichkeit von Staphylococcus-aureus-Stämmen isoliert von Kühen mit subklinischer Mastitis gegen verschiedene Arten von Desinfektionsmitteln und Antibiotika
No full textThe primary objective of the current study was to determine in vitro the
efficacy of two teat dips, Ujosan® dip and Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip against 56
Staphylococcus (S.) aureus strains isolated from subclinical cases of bovine
mastitis. A further main objective was an attempt of resistance induction of
selected strains of S. aureus against the same two types of teat
disinfectants. Another objective was to test the antibiotic resistance
patterns of bovine mastitis isolates of S. aureus and coagulase negative
staphylococci (CNS). The last objective was to check the possibility of cross-
resistance between reduced susceptibility to disinfectants and different types
of antibiotics that are commercially available for the treatment of bovine S.
aureus mastitis. Quarter milk samples were collected from six dairy herds with
high prevalences of S. aureus in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany. Of
each herd, 32 cows in different stages of lactation and different age groups
were chosen for sampling. Cows were divided according to the udder teat
dipping scheme into three groups. Teats of the first group were dipped in the
postmilking teat disinfectant Ujosan® dip; the second group was dipped in Eimü
Chlorhexidin® dip, while the third group was kept without dipping (a negative
control group). A total of seventy isolates of S. aureus and CNS were
identified phenotypically by the tube coagulase test and the Staph ID 32 API
system; genotypically by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the
mass spectrally by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation- time of
flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS), which was used as a confirmatory
method for PCR. After identification of all strains, the minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) of Ujosan® dip and Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip against S.
aureus strains was determined, using the broth macrodilution method which is
indicative of the guideline for examination of chemical disinfectants in the
German Veterinary Association (Deutsche Veterinärmedizinische Gesellschaft,
DVG). All strains were inoculated in a liquid medium (tryptose soya broth,
TSB), serially diluted with the two teat dips. The mean MIC values of Ujosan®
dip and Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip for dipped and control groups were 45.70 ±
2.54%; 42.6 ± 1.64% and 97.51 ± 0.98%; 96.8 ± 0.78%, respectively. This study
showed that there was no significant difference (p<0.05) between dipped and
negative control groups for both Ujosan® dip and Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip. The
main objective was to induce in vitro sensitivity reduction (resistance) of
the same two commercial teat dips with sub-lethal concentrations against ten
different strains of S. aureus. For each disinfectant, 10 strains were
repeatedly passed 10 times in growth media with sub lethal concentrations of
Ujosan® dip and Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip. The MIC values of the teat dip after
passages were determined and compared with the original MIC values before
passages. According to the results, 9 strains (90%) became nonsusceptible to
Ujosan® dip and only one strain (10%) became nonsusceptible to Eimü
Chlorhexidin® dip. All isolates with a significant increase (p>0.001) of MICs
were passed every day for 10 days in tryptose soya broth (TSB) without
disinfectant (active substance), to check whether the acquired resistance was
stable or not. Stability of acquired resistance was noticed in all Ujosan® dip
and Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip adapted S. aureus strains. Furthermore, the
sensitivity of 6 selected antimicrobial agents against 70 coagulase positive
S. aureus and CNS strains was checked using the agar disk diffusion test.
85.71% of S. aureus strains and 28.57% of CNS were resistant to Penicillin G,
7.14% of S. aureus and CNS were resistant to tetracycline and only 10.71% of
S. aureus and 7.14% of CNS were resistant to gentamycin. The percentages of
resistant S. aureus and CNS to chloramphinicol were 1.78% and 7.14%,
respectively. No resistance was detected for the other tested antimicrobial
agents (oxacillin and erythromycin). Finally the current study investigated
whether Ujosan® dip-and Eimü Chlorhexidin® dipadapted S. aureus strains were
also resistant to antibiotics commercially available for the treatment of
bovine S. aureus mastitis. According to the results obtained from the Federal
Institute for Risk Assessment (Berlin, Germany), all Ujosan® dip and Eimü
Chlorhexidin® dipadapted S. aureus strains showed in vitro the highest
susceptibility to all types of antibiotics. Therefore, prolonged exposure of
sub-inhibitory concentrations of Ujosan® dip or Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip did not
increase emerging antibiotic resistance in S. aureus. The current results and
published data indicate that more detailed investigations on the cross-
resistance between reduced susceptibility of chemical disinfectants and
antibiotics are needed.Das Ziel der Studie war zunächst, die Wirksamkeit von zwei Zitzendippmitteln
(Zitzendesinfektionsmittel), Ujosan® dip und Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip, gegenüber
56 Staphylococcus (S.) aureus-Stämmen, die von subklinischen Fällen boviner
Mastitis isoliert wurden, zu bestimmen. Ein weiteres Ziel war, eine
Resistenzinduktion bei ausgewählten Stämmen von S. aureus gegen Ujosan® dip
und Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip zu versuchen. Ein drittes Ziel bestand darin, die
Antibiotikaresistenz von S. aureus und koagulasenegativen Staphylokokken
(KNS)-Isolaten von Kühen mit Mastitis zu testen. Viertes Ziel war es, die
Möglichkeit der Kreuzresistenz zwischen verminderter Empfindlichkeit gegenüber
Ujosan®dip und Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip und verschiedenen Arten von Antibiotika,
die für die Behandlung von boviner S. aureus-Mastitis kommerziell verfügbar
sind, zu testen. Viertelmilchproben wurden aus sechs Milchkuhbeständen mit
hoher Prävalenz von S. aureus im Bundesland Brandenburg (Deutschland)
gesammelt. Von jeder Herde wurden 32 Kühe in verschiedenen Stadien der
Laktation und unterschiedlichen Altersgruppen für die Probenahme ausgewählt.
Die 32 Kühe lassen sich in drei Gruppen aufteilen. Die Zitzen der Kühe aus der
ersten Gruppe wurden nach dem Melken in das Zitzendesinfektionsmittel Ujosan®
dip getaucht, in der zweiten Gruppe wurde dafür Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip
verwendet, in der dritten Gruppe wurde kein Zitzendipmittel angewendet.
Insgesamt 70 Isolate von S. aureus und KNS wurden phänotypisch durch Röhrchen-
Koagulase-Test und Staph ID 32 API-System identifiziert. Auch wurden diese
Isolate mit Hilfe von Polymerase-Kettenreaktion und der Matrix-unterstützten
Laserdesorptions/ionisations-Flugzeit-Massenspektrometrie, (Matrix Assisted
Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry, MALDI-TOFMS),
die als ein Bestätigungsverfahren für die PCR-Methode verwendet wurde,
genotypisch identifiziert. Nach der Identifizierung aller Stämme, wurde die
minimale Hemmkonzentration (MHK) von Ujosan® dip und Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip
gegen S. aureus-Stämme mit Benutzung der Bouillon-Makrodilutionsmethode
entsprechend den Richtlinien zur Prüfung von chemischen Desinfektionsmitteln
der Deutschen Veterinärmedizinischen Gesellschaft (DVG) von 2000 ermittelt.
Die Mittelwerte der MHK von Ujosan® dip und Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip für die
Dip-Gruppen- und Kontrollgruppen waren respektiv 45,70 ± 2,54%; 42,6 ± 1,64%
und 97,51 ± 0,98%; 96,8 ± 0,78%. Diese Studie zeigte, dass es keine
signifikanten Unterschiede (p<0,05) zwischen den Isolaten der Gruppen mit
Ujosan® dip und Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip und den Isolaten aus der
Kontrollgruppe. Das Hauptziel war, in vitro die Reduktion der Empfindlichkeit
(Resistanz) mit subletalen Konzentrationen von Ujosan® dip und Eimü
Chlorhexidin® dip bei Stämmen von S. aureus zu induzieren. 10 Stämme wurden
10-mal in Nährmedien mit subetaler Konzentration von Ujosan® dip und Eimü
Chlorhexidin® dip passagiert. Die MHK-Werte der Zitzendipmittel wurden nach
dem Passagieren bestimmt und mit den MHK-Werten vor den Passagen verglichen. 9
Stämme (90%) wiesen eine geringere Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Ujosan® dip auf
und nur 1 Stamm (10%) hatte eine reduzierte Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Eimü
Chlorhexidin® dip. Alle Isolate mit signifikantem Anstieg (p>0,001) der MHK-
Werten wurden 10 Tage hintereinander in Tryptose-Soja-Bouillon (TSB) ohne
Ujosan® dip bzw. Eimü Chlorhexidin® dip l passagiert, um zu prüfen, ob die
erworbene Resistenz stabil oder nicht stabil war. Die Stabilität der
erworbenen Resistenz wurde in allen dem Ujosan® dip und dem Eimü Chlorhexidin®
dip angepassten S. aureus-Stämmen festgestellt
A new algorithm for the decomposition solution of nonlinear differential equations
No full textAbstractIn this paper, we introduce a new algorithm for applying the Adomian decomposition method to nonlinear differential and partial differential equations. The proposed algorithm does not require the explicit evaluation of Adomian polynomials to approximate the nonlinearity term. The numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate at larger values for time, though at the cost of more computations
Utilization of cement treated recycled concrete aggregates as base or subbase layer in Egypt
No full textAbstractRecently, environmental protection has a great concern in Egypt where recycling of increased demolition debris has become a viable option to be incorporated into roads applications. An extensive laboratory program is conducted to study the feasibility of using recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) mixed with traditional limestone aggregate (LSA) which is currently being used in base or subbase applications in Egypt. Moreover, the influence of mixture variables on the mechanical properties of cement treated recycled aggregate (CTRA) is investigated. Models to predict the compressive and tensile strengths based on mixture parameters are established. The results show that the adding of RCA improves the mechanical properties of the mixture where the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is taken as an important quality indicator. Variables influencing the UCS such as cement content, curing time, dry density play important roles to determine the performance of CTRA
Evaluation of steel slag and crushed limestone mixtures as subbase material in flexible pavement
No full textAbstractSteel slag is produced as a by-product during the oxidation of steel pellets in an electric arc furnace. This by-product that mainly consists of calcium carbonate is broken down to smaller sizes to be used as aggregates in pavement layers. They are particularly useful in areas where a good-quality aggregate is scarce. This research study was conducted to evaluate the effect of quantity of steel slag on the mechanical properties of blended mixes with crushed limestone aggregates, which used as subbase material in Egypt. Moreover, a theoretical analysis was employed to estimate the resistance for failure factors such as vertical deformations, vertical and radial stresses and vertical strains of subbase under overweight trucks loads. These loads cause severe deterioration to the pavement and thus reduce its life. The results indicated that the mechanical characteristics, and the resistance factors were improved by adding steel slag to the crushed limestone
Adomian’s decomposition method for solving an intermediate fractional advection–dispersion equation
No full textAbstractThis paper is concerned with a model that describes the intermediate process between advection and dispersion via fractional derivative in the Caputo sense. Adomian’s decomposition method is used for solving this model. The solution is obtained as an infinite series which always converges to the exact solution
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