793 research outputs found
Ideals in B1(X) and residue class rings of B1(X) modulo an ideal
No full text[EN] This paper explores the duality between ideals of the ring B1(X) of all real valued Baire one functions on a topological space X and typical families of zero sets, called ZB-filters, on X. As a natural outcome of this study, it is observed that B1(X) is a Gelfand ring but non-Noetherian in general. Introducing fixed and free maximal ideals in the context of B1(X), complete descriptions of the fixed maximal ideals of both B1(X) and B1* (X) are obtained. Though free maximal ideals of B1(X) and those of B1* (X) do not show any relationship in general, their counterparts, i.e., the fixed maximal ideals obey natural relations. It is proved here that for a perfectly normal T1 space X, free maximal ideals of B1(X) are determined by a typical class of Baire one functions. In the concluding part of this paper, we study residue class ring of B1(X) modulo an ideal, with special emphasize on real and hyper real maximal ideals of B1(X).Deb Ray, A.; Mondal, A. (2019). Ideals in B1(X) and residue class rings of B1(X) modulo an ideal. Applied General Topology. 20(2):379-393. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2019.11417SWORD379393202A. Deb Ray and A. Mondal, On rings of Baire one functions, Applied Gen. Topol. 20, no. 1 (2019), 237-249. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2019.10776J. P. Fenecios and E. A. Cabral, On some properties of Baire-1 functions, Int. Journal of Math. Analysis 7, no. 8 (2013), 393-402. https://doi.org/10.12988/ijma.2013.13035L. Gillman and M. Jerison, Rings of Continuous Functions, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1960. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7819-2J. R. Munkres, Topology, Second edition, Pearson Education, Delhi, 2003.L. Vesely, Characterization of Baire-one functions between topological spaces, Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Mathematica et Physica 33, no. 2 (1992), 143-156
Works by Robert Graham and Ray Kass. Collegiate Legacy: Emeritus Faculty Exhibition
No full textExhibition of works by College of Architecture and Urban Studies emeritus faculty, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the college. Curated by Truman Capone and Deb Sim. Moss Arts Center, Virginia Tech.(left) ROBERT GRAHAM. Women walking out of the fog. 2008. Oil paint sticks on paper. Courtesy of the Artist.(right) RAY KASS.Tondo Polyptychs. 2005.
Water media, "smoke", mica on paper, under shaved beeswax mounted on primed wood panels. Courtesy of the Artist
Violence against the adolescents of Kolkata: A study in relation to the socio-economic background and mental health
No full textThis study attempts to understand the nature of violence suffered by the adolescents of Kolkata (erstwhile Calcutta) and to identify its relation with their socio-economic background and mental health variables such as anxiety, adjustment, and self-concept. It is a cross-sectional study covering a total of 370 adolescents (182 boys and 188 girls) from six higher secondary schools in Kolkata. The data was gathered by way of a semi-structured questionnaire and three standard psychological tests. Findings revealed that 52.4%, 25.1%, and 12.7% adolescents suffered psychological, physical, and sexual violence in the last year. Older adolescents (aged 17–18 years) suffered more psychological violence than the younger ones (15–16 years) (p < 0.05). Sixty nine (18.6%) adolescent students stood witness to violence between adult members in the family. More than three-fifth (61.9%) adolescents experienced at least one type of violence, while one-third (32.7%) experienced physical or sexual violence or both. Whatever its nature is, violence leaves a scar on the mental health of the victims. Those who have been through regular psychological violence reported high anxiety, emotional adjustment problem, and low self-concept. Sexual abuse left a damaging effect on self-concept (p < 0.05), while psychological violence or the witnessing of violence prompted high anxiety scores (p < 0.05), poor emotional adjustment (p < 0.05), and low self-concept (p < 0.05). This study stresses the need to provide individual counselling services to the maltreated adolescents of Kolkata so that their psychological traumas can heal and that they can move on in life with new hopes and dreams
A master equation approach to multiphoton dissociation of a Morse oscillator
No full textBased on the previous work [Gangopadhyay and Ray, J. Chem. Phys. 96, 4693 (1992)] on the generalization of the dissipative master equation for nonlinear oscillators, a theory of multiphoton excitation and dissociation of a Morse oscillator in presence of dissipation has been formulated. Interplay of excitation and dissipation with the nonlinearity of the system has been illustrated in the calculation of dissociation probabilities and the mean first passage time for the escape problem
Intrinsic characterizations of C-realcompact spaces
No full text[EN] c-realcompact spaces are introduced by Karamzadeh and Keshtkar in Quaest. Math. 41, no. 8 (2018), 1135-1167. We offer a characterization of these spaces X via c-stable family of closed sets in X by showing that X is c-realcompact if and only if each c-stable family of closed sets in X with finite intersection property has nonempty intersection. This last condition which makes sense for an arbitrary topological space can be taken as an alternative definition of a c-realcompact space. We show that each topological space can be extended as a dense subspace to a c-realcompact space with some desired extension properties. An allied class of spaces viz CP-compact spaces akin to that of c-realcompact spaces are introduced. The paper ends after examining how far a known class of c-realcompact spaces could be realized as CP-compact for appropriately chosen ideal P of closed sets in X.University Grand Commission, New Delhi, research fellowship (F. No. 16-9 (June 2018)/2019 (NET/CSIR))Acharyya, SK.; Bharati, R.; Deb Ray, A. (2021). Intrinsic characterizations of C-realcompact spaces. Applied General Topology. 22(2):295-302. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2021.13696OJS295302222S. K. Acharyya and S. K. Ghosh, A note on functions in C(X) with support lying on an ideal of closed subsets of X, Topology Proc. 40 (2012), 297-301.S. K. Acharyya and S. K. Ghosh, Functions in C(X) with support lying on a class of subsets of X, Topology Proc. 35 (2010), 127-148.S. K. Acharyya, R. Bharati and A. Deb Ray, Rings and subrings of continuous functions with countable range, Queast. Math., to appear. https://doi.org/10.2989/16073606.2020.1752322F. Azarpanah, O. A. S. Karamzadeh, Z. Keshtkar and A. R. Olfati, On maximal ideals of and the uniformity of its localizations, Rocky Mountain J. Math. 48, no. 2 (2018), 345-384. https://doi.org/10.1216/RMJ-2018-48-2-345P. Bhattacherjee, M. L. Knox and W. W. Mcgovern, The classical ring of quotients of , Appl. Gen. Topol. 15, no. 2 (2014), 147-154. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2014.3181L. Gillman and M. Jerison, Rings of Continuous Functions, Van Nostrand Reinhold co., New York, 1960. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7819-2M. Ghadermazi, O. A. S. Karamzadeh and M. Namdari, On the functionally countable subalgebras of C(X), Rend. Sem. Mat. Univ. Padova. 129 (2013), 47-69. https://doi.org/10.4171/RSMUP/129-4O. A. S. Karamzadeh and Z. Keshtkar, On c-realcompact spaces, Queast. Math. 41, no. 8 (2018), 1135-1167. https://doi.org/10.2989/16073606.2018.1441919M. Mandelkar, Supports of continuous functions, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 156 (1971), 73-83. https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9947-1971-0275367-4R. M. Stephenson Jr, Initially k-compact and related spaces, in: Handbook of Set-Theoretic Topology, ed. Kenneth Kunen and Jerry E. Vaughan. Amsterdam, North-Holland, (1984) 603-632. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-86580-9.50016-1A. Veisi, -filters and -ideals in the functionally countable subalgebra of , Appl. Gen. Topol. 20, no. 2 (2019), 395-405. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2019.1152
The aerobic scope is clearly linked to the supply–demand spectrum as quantified by DEB theory
No full textSupply-species typically eat what is available, while demand-species eat what they need, almost independently of what is available. The trait ‘supply stress’ quantifies the supply–demand spectrum, in the context of the Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory. This dimensionless trait is defined as the maturity maintenance times the squared somatic maintenance, divided by the cubed assimilation. This function of DEB parameters is mostly estimated from data on growth, reproduction and life history, typically applied for fully grown individuals. Only a minority of the over 7300 species in the Add-my-Pet collection also have respiration data, combined with other data. Consistent with a set of traits that characterizes the supply/demand spectrum, birds and mammals score high on the supply stress, reptiles, amphibians, cartilaginous fish score moderate and ray-finned fish and invertebrates score low. The structure of the standard DEB model explains why species must have a low supply stress to allocate a large fraction of their assimilation to reproduction. We show this for large taxa, but also for rodents, compared to carnivorans, where rodents have a lower position in the food chain. We list and discuss ecophysiological properties that characterize the spectrum. A decade ago, the factorial aerobic scope (FAS), i.e. the ratio of the maximum and basal metabolic rate (MMR and BMR), was predicted to be high for species at the demand-end of the spectrum, and low for those at the supply-end. The aim of this paper is to test this prediction for respiration data from the literature. Our conclusion is that the FAS indeed increases for increasing supply stress, but the scatter is substantial. The FAS roughly increases from 3.2 at zero supply stress to 32 at maximum supply stress. We discuss an application of this finding for the estimation of the maturity maintenance rate coefficient from data, which is otherwise difficult with simple data. We also discuss the large scatter of respiration rates and show, with a computer simulation study of the standard DEB model, that a little scatter in food intake translates into a much larger scatter of respiration rates. Despite the scatter, the measured BMR was found to be close to the DEB-predicted field metabolic rate. This is remarkable because DEB theory makes no direct assumptions about respiration, but can still predict it exploiting the conservation laws for the chemical elements C, H, O and N. Our findings not only suggest functionalities of the aerobic scope in a wider context, but also support the concept of maturity maintenance, which is key to DEB theory, but hard to make concrete.</p
Constrained many-objective optimization: a way forward
No full textMany objective optimization is a natural extension to multi-objective optimization where the number of objectives are significantly more than five. The performance of current state of the art algorithms (e.g. NSGA-II, SPEA2) is known to deteriorate significantly with increasing number of objectives due to the lack of adequate convergence pressure. It is of no surprise that the performance of NSGA-II on some constrained many-objective optimization problems (Deb and Saxena, 2006) (e.g., DTLZ5-(5,M), M = 10, 20) in an earlier study (Saxena, 2008) was far from satisfactory. Till date, research in many-objective optimization has focussed on two major areas (a) dimensionality reduction in the objective space and (b) preference ordering based approaches. This paper introduces a novel evolutionary algorithm powered by epsilon dominance (implemented within the framework of NSGA-II) and controlled infeasibility for improved convergence while the critical set of objectives is identified through a nonlinear dimensionality reduction scheme. Since approaching the Pareto-optimal front from within the feasible search space will need to overcome the problems associated with low selection pressure, the mechanism to approach the front from within the infeasible search space is promising as illustrated in this paper. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with NSGA-II (original, with crowding distance measure) and NSGA-II (epsilon dominance) on the above set of constrained multiobjective problems to highlight the benefits
Liver, gastrointestinal, and cardiac toxicity in intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma treated with PRECISION TACE with drug-eluting beads: results from the PRECISION V randomized trial
No full textOBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to evaluate hepatic, gastrointestinal, and cardiac toxicity after PRECISION transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with drug-eluting beads (DEB) versus conventional TACE with doxorubicin in the treatment of intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two hundred twelve patients (185 men and 27 women; mean age, 67 years) were randomized to TACE with DEB or conventional TACE. The majority of patients (67% in both groups) presented in a more advanced stage. Safety was measured by rate of adverse events (Southwest Oncology Group criteria) and changes in laboratory parameters. Cardiotoxicity was assessed with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) mainly on MRI or echocardiography.
RESULTS: The mean maximum postchemoembolization alanine transaminase increase in the DEB group was 50% less than in the conventional TACE group (p < 0.001) and 41% less in respect to aspartate transaminase (p < 0.001). End-of-study values returned to approximately baseline levels but with greater variability in conventional TACE patients. Treatment-emergent adverse events in the hepatobiliary system organ class occurred in 16.1% of DEB group patients compared with 25% of conventional TACE patients. There were fewer liver toxicity events in the DEB group. There was a small but statistically significant difference in mean change from baseline in LVEF between the two groups of 4 percentage points for the conventional TACE group (95% CI, 0.71-7.3; p = 0.018).
CONCLUSION: PRECISION TACE with DEB loaded with doxorubicin offers a safe therapy option for intermediate-stage HCC, even in patients with more advanced liver diseas
Soil organic horizon characterization via advanced proximal sensors
No full textThe organic fraction of soils is critically important to soil health and optimal ecosystem functioning. Traditional analysis of soil organic horizons (O horizons) has been dependent upon laboratory-based instrumentation. Simultaneously, the use of proximal sensors such as portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometry along with visible near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (VisNIR DRS) has gained popularity for providing rapidly acquired spectral and elemental data useful for soil physicochemical property quantification. However, PXRF and VisNIR DRS have mostly been applied to the assessment of mineral soils. This preliminary study evaluated 136 organic laden soil samples (most aptly described as upland, non-saturated O horizons) using both laboratory based instrumentation (CN analyzer) and proximal sensors to evaluate total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN). Results revealed that combining model outcomes using model fusion improved TC and TN prediction accuracies relative to using an individual instrument (PXRF or VisNIR DRS) or model averaging with improvements in root mean square error (RMSE) on the order of 10–47% and 10–67% for TC and TN, respectively. Partial least squares+random forest (PLS+RF) approaches emerged as the best model for predicting both TC and TN in organic laden soil samples. These results suggest that the strong predictive applications of proximal sensors extensively documented on mineral soils, may show similar promise for determination of a wide number of physicochemical properties on organic soil matrices, yet further exploration with a larger and more diverse dataset is recommended
Cardiovascular risk assessment and utilization of pharmacological agents for the management of cardiovascular disease risk among diabetic patients with variable risk profiles
No full textBackground and Aims: The adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes in diabetes mellitus can largely be prevented by using effective utilization of CVD risk-modifying medications such as oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs), anti-hypertensives, anti-platelets, and hypolipidemics. Results of the study will aid in planning appropriate preventive measures to decrease morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular events with the help of CVD risk classification and analysis of CVD risk modification medications prescribed among diabetic patients of various risk categories. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and twenty people with Type 2 diabetes who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study were enrolled after giving their consent. The stratification of CVD risk using the World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension CVD risk prediction tables was done to possibly prevent CVD. A case record form was presented to these patients, which contained details about their medical treatment, patient profile, and CVD risk factors. Results: The percentage of diabetic individuals with low CVD risk was 64.5%, medium CVD risk was 17.7%, high CVD risk was 6.4%, and extremely high-risk CVD risk was 11.4%. Aside from antidiabetic medicines, the analysis indicated that 72% of patients in the extremely high-risk group were administered anti-hypertensive drugs, 60% were on concomitant antiplatelet drugs, and 64% were prescribed hypolipidemic drugs for cardiovascular risk reduction. Conclusion: It is desirable to increase the usage of CVD risk-modifying medications, especially antiplatelet and hypolipidemic medications, in Type 2 diabetes patients with a high CVD risk
- …
