328 research outputs found
Beyond-dipole approximation effects in photoionization: importance of the photon momentum
No full textIn most of the past studies of processes involving interaction of lasers with atoms and molecules the tiny photon momentum has not been taken into account nor the issue of momentum sharing between a photoelectron and an ion has not been addressed despite the fact than when intense lasers are used a huge amount of infrared photons are absorbed. This situation has been related to the fact that in most theoretical investigations the dipole approximation has been used for description of the photoionization processes. In this talk I emphasize the importance of using the non-dipole approaches in description of the interaction of intense lasers with atoms and molecules. I will review some surprising results obtained by us using numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schroedinger equation in [1-3] and present new results related to the photon-momentum effect using counter-propagating pulses and the specific non-dipole effects in diatomic molecules.
[1] S. Chelkowski, A.D. Bandrauk, and P.B. Corkum, Phys.Rev.Let. 113, 263005 (2014).
[2] S. Chelkowski, A.D. Bandrauk, and P.B. Corkum, Phys.Rev. A 92, 051401 (R) (2015).
[3] S. Chelkowski, A.D. Bandrauk, and P.B. Corkum, Phys.Rev. A 95, 053402 (2017).Non UBCUnreviewedAuthor affiliation: Université de SherbrookeOthe
Occurrence of toxic hexadepsipeptides in preharvest maize ear rot infected by Fusarium poae in Poland
No full textfood surveillance, beauvericin, HPL
Triple Michelson interferometer for a third-generation gravitational wave detector
No full textThe upcoming European design study 'Einstein gravitational-wave Telescope' represents the first step towards a substantial, international effort for the design of a third-generation interferometric gravitational wave detector. It is generally believed that third-generation instruments might not be installed into existing infrastructures but will provoke a new search for optimal detector sites. Consequently, the detector design could be subject to fewer constraints than the on-going design of the second-generation instruments. In particular, it will be prudent to investigate alternatives to the traditional L-shaped Michelson interferometer. In this paper, we review an old proposal to use three Michelson interferometers in a triangular configuration. We use this example of a triple Michelson interferometer to clarify the terminology and will put this idea into the context of more recent research on interferometer technologies. Furthermore, the benefits of a triangular detector will be used to motivate this design as a good starting point for a more detailed research effort towards a third-generation gravitational-wave detector. © 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd
Natural Occurrence of Beauvericin in Preharvest Fusarium subglutinans Infected Corn Ears in Poland
No full textNatural Occurrence of Beauvericin in Preharvest Fusarium subglutinans Infected Corn Ears in Poland
No full text
Adapting authoritarianism: institutions and co-optation in Egypt and Syria
No full textThis PhD thesis compares Egypt and Syria’s authoritarian political systems. While the tendency in social science political research treats Egypt and Syria as similarly authoritarian, this research emphasizes differences between the two systems with special reference to institutions and co-optation. Rather than reducibly understanding Egypt and Syria as sharing similar histories, institutional arrangements, or ascribing to the oft-repeated convention that “Syria is Egypt but 10 years behind,” this thesis focuses on how events and individual histories shaped each states current institutional strengthens and weaknesses. Specifically, it explains the how varying institutional politicization or de-politicization affects each state’s capabilities for co-opting elite and non-elite individuals.
Beginning with a theoretical framework that considers the limited utility of democratization and transition theoretical approaches, the work underscores the persistence and durability of authoritarianism. Chapter two details the politicized institutional divergence between Egypt and Syria that began in the 1970s. Chapter three and four examines how institutional politicization or de-politicization affects elite and non-elite individual co-optation in Egypt and Syria. Chapter five discusses the study’s general conclusions and theoretical implications.
This thesis’s argument is that Egypt and Syria co-opt elites and non-elites differently because of the varying degrees of institutional politicization in each governance system. Rather than view one country as more politically developed than the other, this work argues that Syria’s political institutions are more politicized than their Egyptian counterparts. Syria’s political arena is, thus, described as politicized-patrimonialism. Syria’s politicized-patrimonial arena produces uneven co-optation of elites and non-elites as they are diffused through competing institutions. Conversely, the Egyptian political arena remains highly personalized as weak institutions and individuals are manipulated and molded according to the president’s ruling clique. This is referred to as personalized-patrimonialism. As a consequence, Egypt’s political establishment demonstrates more flexibility in ad hoc altering and adapting its arena depending on the emergence of crises.
This study’s theoretical implications suggest that, contrary to modernization and democratization theory’s adage that institutions lead to a political development, politicized institutions within a patrimonial order actually hinder regime adaptation because consensus is harder to achieve and maintain. It is within this context that Egypt’s de-politicized institutional framework advantages its top political elite. In this reading of Egyptian and Syrian politics, Egypt’s personalized political arena is more adaptable than Syria’s. These conclusions do not indicate that political reform is a process underway in either state
Optical detector topology for third-generation gravitational wave observatories
No full textThe third generation of gravitational wave observatories, with the aim of providing 100 times better sensitivity than currently operating interferometers, is expected to establish the evolving field of gravitational wave astronomy. A key element, required to achieve this ambitious sensitivity goal, is the exploration of new interferometer geometries, topologies and configurations. In this article we review the current status of the ongoing design work for third-generation gravitational wave observatories. The main focus is the evaluation of the detector geometry and detector topology. In addition we discuss some promising detector configurations and potential noise reduction schemes
Alternaria diseases of linseed
No full textFungi of the genus Alternaria possess very intriguing characteristics. They are some of the most cosmopolitan in terms of both their biological environments, and as agricultural commodities. Some pathotypes of Alternaria produce host specific toxins, while numerous metabolites have been found to be toxic to humans and animals and as such are important food and feed contaminants of a significance not yet properly elucidated. This volume has been divided into two parts. In Part I, questions are presented regarding Alternaria ecology, nomenclature, identification, most important plant diseases and methods of their control. Important physico-chemical and biological properties, toxicology and biosynthesis of Alternaria metabolites are described in Part II. There are over 400 Alternaria taxons in the literature and there remains a need to develop a more unified system of nomenclature within the genus. Alternaria infect numerous plant species and nearly all plant species of importance are recorded here. Examples of the most economically important diseases of such plants as cotton, vegetables, potatoes, tomatoes, carrot and linseed are reviewed in detail. Epidemiology questions are described and most advanced research on the significance of host-specific Alternaria toxins in plant diseases is reviewed. Part II elucidates the important characteristics of Alternaria metabolites; their structures, spectra, producers, and biological properties. Over 70 Alternaria metabolites of diverse structure and biological activity are known. Most of them are produced only by the Alternaria species. This book is suitable for specialists as well as students of plant pathology, mycology and toxicology working in the fields of plant disease and toxic fungal metabolites
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