135 research outputs found
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of [6′-methyl-4′-methoxy-2-oxo-2H-[1]-benzopyran)-2?,4?-dihydro-[1?, 2?, 4?]-triazol-3?-one and 3?-phenyl-thiazolidin-4?-one-phenoxymethyl derivatives of dipyranoquinoline
No full textSynthesis and characterization of Polyindole and its catalytic performance study as a heterogeneous catalyst
No full textThe catalytic performance study of polyindole as a heterogeneous catalyst is reported for the synthesis of 3,3'-arylmethylene-bis-1H-Indole derivatives using various substituted aldehydes and indole under reflux reaction condition with good to excellent yield. Polyindole was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization using citric acid as a dopant. The synthesized polymer was well characterized by various spectroscopic techniques like FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, etc. The XRD pattern confirms the partially crystalline nature of polyindole. The FESEM images of polyindole revealed the formation of irregularly shaped particulate nature with size in the range of 0.2 to 6 micron. In FT-IR spectrum, the major peak at similar to 3400 cm(-1) indicates N-H stretching and at 1564-1624 cm(-1) indicates C-C stretching of benzenoid ring of indole. The presence of peak at similar to 3400 cm(-1) indicates that the polymerization does not occur at nitrogen. The present protocol has certain advantages like recyclability, low loading of the catalyst, low-cost and efficient use of polyindole as a heterogeneous catalyst
Copper-Catalyzed Simultaneous Activation of C–H and N–H Bonds: Three-Component One-Pot Cascade Synthesis of Multisubstituted Imidazoles
No full textA copper-catalyzed expedient, practical, and straightforward approach for the one-pot three-component modular synthesis of multisubstituted imidazoles has been described by using arylacetic acids, N-arylbenzamidines, and nitroalkanes. The reaction involves simultaneous activation of C–H and N–H bonds of arylacetic acids and N-arylbenzamidines, respectively. The use of inexpensive copper sulfate as a catalyst, readily available starting materials, and Celite-free workup makes this protocol economically viable. Multisubstituted imidazoles were obtained in moderate to good yields with significant functional group tolerance and high regioselectivity
Tandem Protocol for the Synthesis of 3-Acyl Benzothiadiazine 1,1-Dioxides
No full textA metal-free and efficient tandem synthesis of 3-acyl 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxides and 3-acyl-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxides has been developed via C−H functionalization of ethynylarenes and ethenylarenes followed by condensation with 2-aminobenzenesulfonamide. The reaction involves the formation of arylglyoxal as an intermediate from multiform substrates through Kornblum oxidation in the presence of iodine and DMSO. Use of simple and readily available starting materials, inexpensive reagent, broad substrate scope and a very simple operation are noteworthy features of this protocol. This method provides an easy access to pharmaceutically important 3-acyl-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxides in good yields
Bipolar Host Materials: A Chemical Approach for Highly Efficient Electrophosphorescent Devices
No full textReliability and validity of the Bahasa Malaysia version of the international physical activity questionnaire / Pri Hansini Chaskar
No full textTerdapat banyak indikasi yang menunjukkan bahawa kekurangan aktiviti fizikal membawa pelbagai jenis penyakit seperti obesiti, osteoporosis, diabetis, hipertensi, penyakit kardiovaskular, depresi, serta kanser. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) merupakan salah satu borang kaji selidik yang luas digunakan untuk menentukan tahap aktiviti fizikal seseorang individu. Borang ini telah diuji di 14 pusat di 12 buah negara di seluruh dunia. Waiau bagaimanapun, di Malaysia, tidak terdapat satu alat kaedah yang piawai untuk menentukan tahap aktiviti fizikal seseorang individu. Kekurangan kaedah menentukan tahap aktiviti fizikal di sesebuah negara yang terdiri dari pelbagai kaum dan bangsa seperti Malaysia, akan menghambat kajian penyelidikan dan epidemiologi di negara-negara yang membangun. Tujuan utama kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengenalpasti satu kaedah yang piawai yang dapat digunakan
di Malaysia untuk menentukan tahap aktiviti fizikal masyarakat setempat. Etika kajian 2 fasa ini diluluskan oleh Jawatankuasa Etika Pusat Perubatan Universiti Malaya. Fasa I merupakan systematic review yang mengumpulkan kajian-kajian
lepas yang telah melaporkan sama ada borang IPAQ tersebut terlebih ataupun terkurang melapor intensity aktiviti fizikal apabila dibandingkan dengan alat pengukur objektif seperti ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer. Borang IPAQ tersebut diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Malaysia dan borang IPAQ-BM dihasilkan dalam Fasa II (a). Borang IPAQBM tersebut seterusnya diuji dikalangan 72 orang dewasa dari Lembah Kelang yang tidak mempunyai sebarang penyakit berjangkit. Dalam Fasa II (b) pula. data dari borang kaji selidik IPAQ-BM dibandingkan dengan data dari ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer untuk mengesahkan berapa banyak IPAQ-BM tersebut telah melaporkan lebih atau melaporkan kurang intensity aktiviti fizikal
Disinfection of laryngoscopes: A survey of practice
No full textBackground and Aims: The laryngoscope is a common piece of equipment used by anaesthesiologists. It has been identified as a potential source of cross infection. Although guidelines exist regarding appropriate disinfection practices, recent reviews suggest ineffectiveness of current methods of disinfection and poor compliance with the established protocols. We conducted a questionnaire-based survey to study the current disinfection practices being followed by a cross section of anaesthesiologists. Methods: A simple questionnaire containing 13 questions was distributed amongst anaesthesiologists in an anaesthesia conference. Data were analysed with percentage analysis. Results: Out of 250 delegates who attended the conference, 150 submitted the completed questionnaires. Residents constituted 41% and 46% were consultants. Eighteen (12%) used only tap water for cleaning and 132 (88%) used a chemical agent after rinsing with water. Out of 132, 76 (51%) used detergent/soap solution, 29 (19%) would wash and then soak in disinfectant or germicidal agents (glutaraldehyde, povidone iodine and chlorhexidine) and 18 (12%) would wipe the blade with an alcohol swab. With respect to disinfection of laryngoscope handles, 70% respondents said they used an alcohol swab, 18% did not use any method, 9% were not aware of the method being used, while 3% did not respond. Conclusion: Our results indicate wide variation in methods of decontamination of laryngoscopes. Awareness regarding laryngoscope as a potential source of infection was high. We need to standardise and implement guidelines on a national level and make available resources which will help to improve patient safety
An Efficient Synthesis of 1,2,4-Trisubstituted Imidazoles from Arylacetic Acids and N -Arylbenzamidines via Simultaneous C-H and N-H Bond Activation
No full textA convenient and effective FeCl3 catalyzed one-pot three
component protocol for the synthesis of 1,2,4-trisubstituted
imidazoles from arylacetic acids, N-arylbenzamidines and nitromethane
via simultaneous CH and NH bond activation has
been developed. The reaction involves CH activation of
arylacetic acid to form aromatic aldehyde which on condensation
with N-arylbenzamidine gives azadiene. Nitromethane on
Michael addition with azadiene produces ring annulated
intermediate which upon subsequent cyclization-elimination
sequence offers imidazole. The process utilizes readily available
arylacetic acids and inexpensive catalyst. This user friendly
protocol provided 1,2,4-trisubstituted imidazoles in moderate
to good yields with high functional group tolerance and ample
substrate scope
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