133 research outputs found
MTHFR promoter methylation might mitigate the effect of smoking at the level of LINE-1 in cleft lip tissues: A preliminary study
No full textBackground: The medial and maxillary aspects of the upper lip originate at separate embryonic stages and therefore may experience different maternal exposure patterns which may affect methylation. Based on this hypothesis, we investigated the level of methylation of the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase promoter gene (mMTHFR) in tissues from cleft lip, and mMTHFR levels by MTHFR c.677C > T genotype. We further investigated whether mMTHFR mitigates the effect of smoking on long interspersed nuclear element (LINE-1) methylation in these tissues. Methods: DNA extracted from medial and lateral tissues of 26 infants with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P) was bisulfite converted and mMTHFR was measured on a pyrosequenser. LINE-1 methylation and MTHFR c.677C > T genotype data were obtained in our previous study. Results: There was no substantial difference in mMTHFR (p =.733) and LINE-1 (p =.148) between the two tissues. mMTHFR was not influenced by MTHFR c.677C > T genotype, but there was suggestive evidence that the difference was larger among infants exposed to maternal smoking compared to nonexposed. LINE-1 methylation differences were significant (p =.025) in infants born to nonsmoking mothers, but this was not apparent (p =.872) in infants born to mothers who smoked. Our Pearson's correlation analysis suggested a weak inverse association between mMTHFR and LINE-1 (r = −.179, p =.381). Conclusion: Our preliminary observation of differences in patterns of mMTHFR levels in lip tissue suggests the interplay of gene and environment in the establishment of methylation in tissues at both sides of cleft lip. This requires investigation in a larger cohort, integrated with metabolic assessment
Genetic epidemiology of cleft lip and palate: A review and potentials for Africa
No full textOrofacial clefts (CLP) are the most common congenital malformation of the craniofacial region with a world-wide prevalence of 1 in 700 births. They are usually classified into syndromic and non syndromic clefts and can be amongst the phenotypes seen in infants with multiple congenital malformations that can not be classified as a syndrome. Whilethe genetic etiologies of syndromic clefts have been well characterized, the genetic etiology of non-syndromic clefts remains a challenge. However, with advances in the molecular genetic technologies and biostatistics tools that includes linkage and association studies, whole genome scanning and genome-wide association studies, candidate genes and loci in chromosomes with significant associations have been identified and validated. These include loci on chromosome 8q.24 and genes such as IRF6, MAFB and VAX1. Interestingly, all these genes were identified using populations of European and Asian ancestry. Considering that African populations are ancestral to European and Asian populations,genetic studies using predominantly African populations in Africa could provide particularly powerful insights into the origin of cleft lip and palate with the prediction that they would exhibit their own unique characteristics. The increasing pace of global genetic knowledge, and its applications for clinical medicine, as well as known geographic and genetic heterogeneity in non- syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) provides good scientific rational for the identification of new variants in African populations living in Africa
Ayurvedic management of postlumbar myelomeningocele surgery: A case study
No full textA 11-year-old male child presented with the complaints of urinary incontinence, passing hard stools associated with weakness in lower limbs, deformity of feet, reduced sensation below ankle joint since he was 5 years of age as noticed by parents. The clinical features were seen as postlumbar myelomeningocele surgery and child had congenital talipus equinovarus. For this, he was administered anulomana, sarvāṅga abhyaṅga (oleation / massage), saṅgraha cikitsā, avagāha sveda (sudation) and matrā basti (type of oleaginous enema). After the treatment, child was able to get control over his bladder, he started feeling sense the fullness of the bladder, there was a desire to void urine and a reduction in a number of voids in daytime and a reduced degree of wetnes
Author Correction: Dental anomaly detection using intraoral photos via deep learning (Scientific Reports, (2022), 12, 1, (11577), 10.1038/s41598-022-15788-1)
No full textIn the original version of this Article Ronilo Ragodos, Tong Wang and Brian J. Howe were omitted as equally contributing authors. Tong Wang was omitted as an additional corresponding author. Correspondence and requests for materials should also be addressed to [email protected]. In addition, the Author Contributions section in this Article was incorrect.Fil: Ragodos, Ronilo. University of Iowa; Estados UnidosFil: Wang, Tong. University of Iowa; Estados UnidosFil: Padilla, Carmencita. University of the Philippines; FilipinasFil: Hecht, Jacqueline T.. University of Texas; Estados UnidosFil: Poletta, Fernando Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno". CEMIC-CONICET; ArgentinaFil: Orioli, Ieda Maria. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Buxó, Carmen J.. Universidad de Puerto Rico; Puerto RicoFil: Butali, Azeez. University of Iowa; Estados UnidosFil: Valencia Ramirez, Consuelo. Clinica Noel; ColombiaFil: Restrepo Muñeton, Claudia. Clinica Noel; ColombiaFil: Wehby, George. University of Iowa; Estados UnidosFil: Weinberg, Seth M.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados Unidos. University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown; Estados UnidosFil: Marazita, Mary L.. University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown; Estados Unidos. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Moreno Uribe, Lina M.. University of Iowa; Estados UnidosFil: Howe, Brian J.. University of Iowa; Estados Unido
Geriatric dentistry education and context in a selection of countries in 5 continents
No full textPurpose/aim: To summarize and discuss how geriatric dentistry has been addressed in dental schools of different countries regarding to (1) teaching students at the predoctoral level; (2) advanced training, and (3) research. Method and materials: A convenience sample of faculty members from a selection of high, upper-middle and lower-middle income countries were recruited to complete the survey. The survey had 5 open-ended main topics, and asked about (1) the size of their elderly population, (2) general information about dental education; (3) the number of dental schools teaching geriatric dentistry, and their teaching methods; (4) advanced training in geriatric dentistry; (5) scholarship/research in geriatric dentistry. Results and conclusion: ( 1) There is great variation in the size of elderly population; (2) duration of training and content of dental education curriculum varies; (3) geriatric dentistry has not been established as a standalone course in dental schools in the majority of the countries, (4) most countries, with the exception of Japan, lack adequate number of dentists trained in geriatric dentistry as well as training programs, and (5) geriatric dentistry-related research has increased in recent years in scope and content, although the majority of these papers are not in English.Leonardo Marchini, Ronald Ettinger, Xi Chen, Anastassia Kossioni, Haiping Tan, Sayaka Tada, Kazunori Ikebe, Elizabeth Bosede Dosumu, Fadekemi O. Oginni, Patricia Adetokunbo Akeredolu, Azeez Butali, Leeann Donnelly, Mario Brondani, Bernd Fritzsch, Henry A. Adeol
sj-pdf-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345211046614 – Supplemental material for Genome-wide Gene-by-Sex Interaction Studies Identify Novel Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts Risk Locus
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345211046614 for Genome-wide Gene-by-Sex Interaction Studies Identify Novel Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts Risk Locus by W. Awotoye, C. Comnick, C. Pendleton, E. Zeng, A. Alade, P.A. Mossey, L.J.J. Gowans, M.A. Eshete, W.L. Adeyemo, T. Naicker, C. Adeleke, T. Busch, M. Li, A. Petrin, J. Olotu, M. Hassan, J. Pape, S.E. Miller, P. Donkor, D. Anand, S.A. Lachke, M.L. Marazita, A.A. Adeyemo, J.C. Murray, D. Albokhari, N. Sobreira and A. Butali in Journal of Dental Research</p
Periodontitis and chronic kidney disease: a retrospective study of the association of diseases according to the new AAP/EFP periodontal disease classification and the Influence of successful periodontal intervention on kidney function
No full textBackground: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health burden that is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and high financial cost. There is growing evidence that has shown periodontitis could promote systemic inflammatory markers and may play a role in the pathophysiology of kidney disease. The study objectives are to explore the relationships between having kidney disease and periodontitis, examine the potential effects of periodontitis on kidney function among CKD patients, provide exploratory recommendations of the potential beneficial effect of periodontal treatment on kidney dysfunction, inform the design of a future prospective longitudinal study, and highlight the potential benefits of co-management.
Methodology: A 10-year- retrospective chart review study was designed to achieve study objectives by using a repository database. A total of 397 patients who met periodontal eligibility criteria and attended periodontal services were divided into four cohorts, 258 indeterminate who had no record of kidney issues, 31 confirmed cases who had confirmed CKD diagnosis, 33 unconfirmed cases who had self-reported kidney issues, and 75 control who were non-medically compromised patients. Patient records with a reported eGFR, serum creatinine, and periodontal clinical parameters were extracted for each subject. Periodontitis was diagnosed according to the 2018 AAP/EFP new definition of periodontitis.
Results: N (%) of age at baseline was 293(74%) between 50-65 years, and 89% (n=355) had periodontitis. The data suggested no evidence of an association between having kidney issues and periodontitis. However, the observed relationship between eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), and periodontitis showed higher proportions of periodontitis at stages G2 or above although these observations were not significant at the 0.05 level (p=>0.9). The results also revealed that age (P=0.031), sex (P=0.003), BMI (P=0.013), diabetes (P=<0.001), and heart disease (P=<0.001) were significantly associated with kidney diseases.
Conclusion: In this hypothesis-generating work, data suggested that periodontitis might not be associated with the development/progression of CKD. Although the evidence was not significant at the 0.05 level, we observed that severe periodontitis was predominant among CKD individuals with more severe CKD than in those with moderate periodontitis. The study results should be interpreted with caution and more studies are needed to prove this theory.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical reference
Building farmer organisations’ capacity to collectively adopt agroforestry and sustainable agriculture land management practices in Lake Victoria Basin
No full textsj-docx-1-cpc-10.1177_10556656211036316 - Supplemental material for Genome-Wide Scan for Parent-of-Origin Effects in a sub-Saharan African Cohort With Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate (CL/P)
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-cpc-10.1177_10556656211036316 for Genome-Wide Scan for Parent-of-Origin Effects in a sub-Saharan African Cohort With Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate (CL/P) by Lord J. J. Gowans, Carissa L. Comnick, Peter A. Mossey, Mekonen A. Eshete, Wasiu L. Adeyemo, Thirona Naicker, Waheed A. Awotoye, Aline Petrin, Chinyere Adeleke, Peter Donkor, Tamara D. Busch, Olutayo James, Mobolanle O. Ogunlewe, Mary Li, Joy Olotu, Mohaned Hassan, Oluwole A. Adeniyan, Solomon Obiri-Yeboah, Fareed K. N. Arthur, Pius Agbenorku, Alexander A. Oti, Olubukola Olatosi, Olawale O. Adamson, Azeez A. Fashina, Erliang Zeng, Mary L. Marazita, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Jeffrey C. Murray and Azeez Butali in The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal</p
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