1,721,482 research outputs found
Phytoplasma cultivation: problems and solutions
No full textOver fifty years had elapsed since Doi’s publication (1967) on the presence of mycoplasma-like organisms (MLO) now known as phytoplasmas in the sieve tubes of plants showing hormone imbalance and malformations. These phloem-limited bacteria are transmitted by plant sap-feeding insects and are classified based on molecular analysis techniques on the 16S ribosomal gene at the level of the 'Candidatus' genus (Bertaccini et al., 2018). The few scattered evidences of cultivation possibility were recently confirmed by using media based on those successfully used for human and animal mycoplasma cultivation
Molecular markers for differentiation of a ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ strain associated with “bois noir” disease in Sicily
No full textAssociation of phytoplasmas with a chestnut yellows in Italy
No full textThe correlation between a chestnut yellow leaves disorder and the presence of phytoplasmas was verified in
European chestnut trees showing yellow leaves, necrosis and leaf rolling, witches’ broom formations, dwarfism,
abortion of the inflorescences and in some cases death of the plant. Molecular analyses were performed by PCR
analyses on samples collected in the Emilia and Marche Apennines (Italy) from the end of June and the end of
September. In the samples from Marche Apennines the phytoplasma presence was detected in almost all the plants
sampled was thus allowing to associate them with the observed symptomatology. The results of PCR analyses on the
samples from the Emilia Apennines carried out after a particularly hot and dry period, suggest that the
symptomatology observed is due to a complex of causes, where infections associated with phytoplasmas and
pedoclimatic factors play a role. The RFLP analysis showed that the phytoplasmas detected within the sampled
plants belong ribosomal group 16SrI (aster yellows) and subgroup 16SrXII-A (“stolbur”). This represents the first
molecular detection of phytoplasmas in European chestnut trees
Giallumi della vite e fitoplasmi nelle Marche
No full textI fitoplasmi della vite associati alla
presenza di giallumi in Italia so-
no stati studiati dal 2017 nell’am-
bito del progetto europeo H2020
TROPICSAFE (Malattie associate alla
presenza di procarioti e trasmesse da
insetti in colture arboree in aree tro-
picali e subtropicali).
Le malattie studiate sono giallume
letale della palma da cocco; giallu-
me della vite e «huanglongbing» degliagrumi («citrus greening»), tutte gravi
malattie infettive che solo di recente
sono state riconosciute e studiate. Il
progetto è finalizzato ad una loro ge-
stione efficace, efficiente e sostenibile
per ottenere la quale è necessario col-
mare importanti lacune scientifiche.
Il progetto cui partecipano dodici na-
zioni (Italia, Spagna, Slovenia, Dani-
marca, Regno Unito, Ghana, Sudafrica,
Cile, Cuba, Messico, Giamaica e Francia - Guadalupa) è coordinato dalla profes-
soressa Assunta Bertaccini dell’Alma
Mater Studiorum - Università di Bolo-
gna. Alcuni dei risultati delle ricerche
sui giallumi della vite in collaborazio-
ne con Istituzioni, colleghi e studenti
sono riassunti nelle brevi note che se-
guono e forniscono un aggiornamen-
to sulla situazione della malattia in
alcune delle aree viticole italiane più
importanti
Giallumi della vite in Trentino-Alto Adige
No full textI giallumi della vite sono malattie che ogni anno causano ingenti danni e notevoli perdite economiche in viticoltura; la loro presenza è sempre più frequente nei vigneti delle province di Trento e Bolzano. Per aumentare le conoscenze sulla diversità genetica dei fitoplasmi in Trentino-Alto Adige nell’estate del 2021 sono stati raccolti in alcuni vigneti delle due provincie campioni vegetali che sono stati analizzati per verificare la presenza e l’identità dei fitoplasmi
Homogeneity of the 16S rRNA genes in the coconut lethal yellowing phytoplasmas in Jamaica: implication for its management.
No full textVergilbungskrankheiten der Reben in Trentino-Sűdtirol
No full textDie Vergilbungskrankheiten der Reben verursachen jährlich beträchtliche Schäden und wirtschaftliche Verluste im Weinbau. Sie kommen immer häufiger auch in den Rebanlagen der Provinzen Trient und
Bozen-Südtirol vor. Um mehr über das Vorkommen, die Identität und die genetischen Unterschiede der Phytoplasmen in Trentino-Südtirol zu erfahren, wurden im Sommer 2021 in einigen Rebanlagen dieser Region Pflanzenproben gesammelt und analysiert
Phytoplasma elimination from perennial horticultural crops
No full textThe presence of phytoplasmas is a major threat for plant survival and
production, especially in perennial crop species. The fact that infected plants cannot
be healed emphasizes the importance of strategies for their elimination. Several
methods were exploited and applied to verify their disappearance from plant tissues
in vivo, such as thermotherapy by hot water or hot air of propagation material and
chemotherapy of both propagation material and plants in the field. Numerous in
vitro methods were also tested from meristem tip culture to chemotherapy with
antibiotics or other antimicrobial molecules as well as cryotherapy that showed
some level of phytoplasma elimination. The most promising approach to plant sanitation
from phytoplasma infection still appears to be the combination of in vitro
thermotherapy and shoot-tip culture
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