1,721,163 research outputs found
The differential response to interferon gamma by normal and transformed endothelial cells
No full textInterferon gamma, a multifunctional cytokine secreted by activated T lymphocytes and NK cells, induces normal endothelial cell apoptosis which is inhibited by the activation of protein kinase C. Interestingly, interferon exerts a dual effect on transformed endothelial cell proliferation: at low concentrations it stimulates their growth, while at high concentrations it exerts an inhibitory effect. The different response of normal and transformed endothelial cells correlates with the levels of interferon receptor: when expressed at high levels--such as in normal cells--interferon promotes apoptosis; on the contrary, when cells possess a low number of receptors--such as transformed cells--the cytokine promotes cell growth. Since interferon induces it own receptor, we anticipate that transformed cells exposed to high doses of interferon may upregulate the receptor and, consequently, respond to the cytokine with a reduction in cell viability
Prediction of response to therapy by biomolecular markers: from the research laboratory to the clinic
No full textInfluenza della febbre, indotta con endotossina batterica o con pirogeno endogeno, sul tasso ematico di gentamicina nel coniglio
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Serological comparison of Bovid herpesvirus 2 and Herpes simplex virus by reciprocal neutralization kinetic studies
No full textAntigenic comparison between two strains of Bovid herpesvirus 2 and Herpes simplex-1 and -2 has been performed using the reciprocal neutralization kinetic method. The NK values obtained indicate a clear serologic difference between the bovine (69/1LO and Allerton) and the human (HSV-1 and -2) viruses
Innate immunity in breast carcinoma
No full textThe innate immune response, which depends on so-called pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) is an evolutionarily old immune response able to elicit a defensive response against a vast array of pathogens. The purpose of this review is to revisit the role of innate immunity in breast carcinoma from the oldest therapeutic approach using bacillus Calmette-Guerin to the recent findings on the manipulation of the PRR pathways with unmethylated cytosine-guanosine dinucleotides (CpG motifs). Encouraging results have been obtained in prevention and local treatment of murine mammary tumors using tumor cells engineered to express stably mycobacterial antigens or directly using CpG-containing oligonucleotides. The experimental findings raise the possibility of successful anti-tumor management through stimulation of innate immunity in women at high risk of developing breast cancer and in breast cancer patients with reasonable immunological performance and low tumor load
Role of hormonal risk factors in HER2-positive breast carcinomas
No full textExamination of parity, age at menarche and at menopause by HER2 status in a large series of breast carcinomas showed a statistically significant increased-frequency of HER2-positive tumours in lower risk subgroups. The findings suggest a difference in the protective role of hormone-related risk factors between HER2-positive and -negative tumour
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