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Holopothrips molzi Lindner, Mendonca Jr. & Cavalleri
No full textHolopothrips molzi Lindner, Mendonça Jr. & Cavalleri (Figs 188–190) Holopothrips molzi Lindner, Mendonça & Cavalleri, 2016: 141. Diagnostic features. Body (except antenna) uniformly brown; antennal segments III–IV with two sense cones each; maxillary stylets V-shaped; pronotal setae mostly small, except for the two long pairs on epimeral region; metanotal sculpture formed by slightly elongate reticles, without internal markings; males without pore plates; female spermatheca not enlarged. Comments. This brown species was recently described from Southern Brazil inducing marginal leaf fold galls on Myrcia guianensis. It is remarkable for being one of eight species of Holopothrips whose males lack pore plates. Holopothrips molzi resembles H. conducans in having the pronotum with two pairs of long setae on the epimera, and the metanotum bearing longitudinally elongate reticulation (Fig. 190). However, the am setae on H. molzi are always minute and males do not have sternal pore plates. Larvae are mainly white with red internal pigmentation forming rings around the thorax and abdomen. The galls induced by H. molzi (Fig. 3) are usually invaded by the phytophagous Myrciathrips variabilis, which also feeds and breeds inside the gall (Lindner et al. 2016). Material studied. 2 male and 2 female paratypes; Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, Pró- Mata, in Myrcia guianensis gall, 17.ii.2014 (Cavalleri, A.), at UFRGS. Slide codes UFRGS 3687, UFRGS 3688, UFRGS 3718 and UFRGS 3719.Published as part of Lindner, Mariana F., Ferrari, Augusto, Mound, Laurence A. & Cavalleri, Adriano, 2018, Holopothrips diversity-a Neotropical genus of gall-inducing insects (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae), pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 4494 (1) on page 67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4494.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/144518
Heterothrips australis Pereyra & Cavalleri, 2012, sp. n.
No full textHeterothrips australis sp. n. Female winged. Body brown, head darker (Fig. 40); femora largely brown; tibiae brown with pale apex; tarsi paler; antennal segment I–II and V–IX brown, III–IV pale brown (Fig. 42); fore wing brown but somewhat paler subbasally (Fig. 40). Head wider than long, with no long setae (Fig. 49); ocellar region with three pairs of setae, pair III inside ocellar triangle, ocellar area broadly reticulated. Antennae 9 -segmented, segment III slightly longer than IV, with two constrictions, one at the union between the short pedicel and the segment, the other near the base of the segment (Figs 42–43); III–IV each one with one single row of small sensorial pores. Pronotum broadly reticulate (Fig. 49) with about 30 long setae; mesonotum with transversely elongate reticles; metanotum with concentric lines of sculpture, not forming a triangle, covered with microtrichia (Fig. 46). Fore wing with two rows of minute brown setae. Abdominal tergites II–VII with broad and continuous posterior craspedum, bearing a fringe of fine microtrichia. Abdominal tergites I–VIII with few lines of medial sculptures, bearing small microtrichia; lateral thirds of tergites I–VIII covered with fine microtrichia (Figs 44, 47). Sternites II–VI with a well developed posterior craspedum bearing microtrichia; with about six pairs of posteromarginal setae, and no discal setae (Fig. 48). Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1120 (distended). Head, length 92; width 125. Pronotum, length 115; width 177. Fore wing length 560; median width 32. Abdominal tergites IX and X length 77, 70. Antennal segments I–IX length (width), 23 (27), 33 (25), 45 (22), 35 (22), 28 (20), 27 (20), 17 (12), 17 (10), 17 (5). Male winged. Smaller and paler than female; sternites III (or IV)–VIII each one with a small oval pore plate at antecostal ridge. Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 840 (distended). Head, length 80; width 105. Pronotum, length 102; width 150. Fore wing length 450; median width 28. Abdominal segments IX + X length 118; width 80. Material examined. Holotype female, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, (30 º03’ 59 ”S, 51 º07’ 15 ”W), 26.x. 2011, on Borreria vertillata flowers (A. Cavalleri). Paratypes: 17 females, 1 male collected with holotype; 1 female with similar data but 14.ii. 2011; Rio Grande do Sul, Viamão, 21.xi. 1999 and 21.xi. 2003, 10 females, 3 males on Borreria vertillata flowers (S.M. Pinent & A. Cavalleri); Viamão, 13.ii. 2001, 4 females on Eryngium nudicaule flowers (A. Cavalleri); Goiás, Alto Paraíso de Goiás, 27.i. 2011, 2 females on Borreria flowers (F.S. de Melo). Comments. Larvae and adults are very abundant in Borreria inflorescences (Rubiaceae) and seem to co-exist with Haplothrips spp. This species is possibly related to savanicus which also breeds in flowers of herbaceous Rubiaceae. The shape of the antennal segments, as well the single row of minute sensorial pores on antennal segments III–IV, is quite similar between these species. However, differences can be observed in antennal coloration and the presence of continuous craspedal lobes on the posterior margin of the abdominal tergites, contrasting with the lateral entire craspeda of savanicus. The other Brazilian species with continuous craspedal lobes is marginatus, and differences between these two species include coloration and differences in the median area of the abdominal tergites: for australis it is reticulate with few microtrichia, whereas for marginatus there is no reticulation or microtrichia (Fig. 45).Published as part of Pereyra, Veronica & Cavalleri, Adriano, 2012, The genus Heterothrips (Thysanoptera) in Brazil, with an identification key and seven new species, pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 3237 on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28041
Heterothrips pedicellatus Pereyra & Cavalleri, 2012, sp. n.
No full textHeterothrips pedicellatus sp. n. Female winged. Body brown (Fig. 11); femora brown; tibiae brown with pale apex; tarsi pale; antennal segments I– II and IV–IX brown, III pale (Fig. 16); fore wing brown with a pale band near the base (Fig. 20). Head wider than long, with no long setae; ocellar region with three pairs of setae, pair III arising on anterior margin of ocellar triangle (Fig. 13); interantennal projection with widely separated arms. Antennae 9 -segmented, segment III long with an elongate pedicel and two constrictions, one at the union between the pedicel and segment, the other near the base of segment; segment IV entire and shorter than III (Figs 15–16), both with two rows of sensorial pores. Pronotum reticulate-striate with no long setae (Fig. 14); mesonotum reticulate-striate; metanotum with concentric sculpture around basal midpoint, covered with microtrichia (Fig. 12). Fore wing with two rows of conspicuous brown setae (Fig. 20). Abdominal tergites I–VII with sparse microtrichia on lateral thirds and posterior margin with craspedal lobes laterally, each rectangular lobe bearing a fringe of fine, irregular microtrichia (Figs 17, 19). Tergites II–V posterior margin with few microtrichia medially, VI–VII with a complete feinge of microtrichial medially, with no gap between this and the lobes. Tergite VIII with continuous posteromarginal microtrichia. Sternites II–VI posterior margins with well-developed craspedal lobes bearing microtrichia (Fig. 18) and with 7 pairs of posteromarginal setae; few discal setae present. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1430 (distended). Head, length 120; width 165. Pronotum, length 137; width 210. Fore wing length 730; median width 43. Abdominal tergites IX and X length 72 and 82, respectively. Antennal segments III–IX length (width), 83 (30), 47 (27), 22 (17), 27 (15), 15 (12), 15 (10), 21 (8). Male winged. Similar to female in coloration but smaller; abdominal tergites II–VI with craspedum interrupted medially, with long and fine teeth; lateral thirds of tergites I–VIII covered with numerous irregular rows of microtrichia. Intermediate abdominal sternites without discal setae, sternites III–VIII with large transverse pore plates. Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 1030 (distended). Head, length 100; width 155. Pronotum, length 137; width 220. Fore wing length 600; median width 37; Abdominal segments IX + X length 107; width 132. Material examined. Holotype female, Brazil, São Paulo, Mogi-Guaçu, 30.ix. 2011, on Diplopterys pubipetala flowers (A. Cavalleri). Paratypes: 11 females, 3 males collected with holotype; Bahia, Ibicoara, iv. 2002, 1 female on “native plants” (O. Feiler); São Paulo, Campinas, 26.III. 2010, 3 females on Niedenzuella glabra flowers (A. Cavalleri). Comments. This new species has been collected with paulistarum from two species of Malpighiaceae. The elongated pedicel on antennal segment III is similar to that found in prosopidis, but the segment is much wider at the apex than the base, unlike in prosopidis. The abdominal tergites have similar lateral craspedal lobes, but the microtrichia are smaller in pedicellatus than in prosopidis. The general coloration is similar in these two species, as well as the form of the terminal abdominal segment. The metanotal sculpture of pedicellatus is similar to that found in flavicornis with a central triangular area, although they feature different reticulation patterns. Like the other Brazilian species obscurus, pedicellatus presents lateral craspedal lobes on the posterior margins of the abdominal tergites, although these two species differ in the antennal coloration and the length of antennal segment III pedicel (which is remarkably longer in pedicellatus). Moreover, the microtrichia on abdominal craspedum are slightly smaller in pedicellatus than in obscurus.Published as part of Pereyra, Veronica & Cavalleri, Adriano, 2012, The genus Heterothrips (Thysanoptera) in Brazil, with an identification key and seven new species, pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 3237 on pages 15-18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28041
Genomic insights and the Irish Travellers: an interview with Professor Gianpiero Cavalleri
No full textProfessor Gianpiero Cavalleri is Associate Professor of Human Genetics at Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and is the lead author of a 2017 study into the genetic structure of the Irish Traveller community. The study provided an estimate of when Irish Travellers split from the ‘settled' population in Ireland. This population-based genetic research project involved researchers from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University College Dublin, the University of Edinburgh and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and looked into the history and structure of the Traveller population in the context of ‘settled' Irish as well as neighbouring European and Roma Gypsy groups
Heterothrips paulistarum Pereyra & Cavalleri, 2012, sp. n.
No full textHeterothrips paulistarum sp. n. Female winged. Body brown (Fig. 73); femur brown; tibia pale with a brown band in the middle; tarsi pale; antennal segments I and IV–IX brown, II pale, III pale with brown apex (Figs 75–76); fore wing brown with pale band near the base including half of clavus. Head wider than long, with no long setae (Fig. 77); ocellar region with three pairs of setae, pair III inside the ocellar triangle. Antennae 9 -segmented, segment III long with two constrictions, one at union between the pedicel and segment, the other near the base of the segment, IV entire and shorter than III (Figs 75–76), both segments with two rows of circumpolar sensorial pores at apex. Pronotum reticulate-striate with no long setae (Fig. 78); mesonotum striate; metanotum covered with microtrichia and with concentric lines of sculpture, almost forming a triangle (Fig. 80); metapleura covered with several rows of minute microtrichia. Fore wing with two rows of conspicuous brown setae. Abdominal tergites I–VIII with microtrichia laterally; I–V with lateral posteromarginal microtrichia; II–V with few median teeth. Tergites VI–VIII with continuous fringe of microtrichia (Fig. 1). Sternites II–VII with continuous row of marginal microtrichia; and about 7 pairs of posteromarginal setae; no discal setae on abdominal sternites (Fig. 79). Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1500 (distended). Head, length 122; width 162. Pronotum, length 170; width 242. Fore wing length 840; median width 38. Abdominal tergites IX and X length 98 and 105, respectively. Antennal segments I–IX length (width), 17 (32), 35 (27), 90 (30), 52 (27), 37 (17), 32 (15), 17 (10), 12 (7), 17 (5). Male winged. Smaller than female; body sharply bicolored, abdominal segments III–VII clear yellow (Fig. 74). Tergite IX with a pair of stout dorsolateral finger-like projections (Fig. 81). Sternites VII–VIII with large transverse pore plates. Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 1130 (distended). Head, length 120; width 140. Pronotum, length 152; width 210. Fore wing length 690; median width 37. Abdominal segments IX + X length (including anterior margin of sternite IX) 220; width 150. Material examined. Holotype female, Brazil, São Paulo, Mogi-Guaçu, 30.ix. 2011, on Diplopterys pubipetala flowers (A. Cavalleri). Paratypes: 1 female, 4 males collected with holotype; São Paulo, Campinas, iii. 2010, 16 females, 4 males on Niedenzuella glabra flowers (A. Cavalleri). Comments. Collected from two different members of the Malpighiaceae, this species shows variation in antennal segment II coloration, ranging from pale to light brown. As in peixotoa, this species lacks ocellar setae I on the head and antennal segments III–IV bear two rows of well-developed sensorial pores. Both species also have an independent fringe of microtrichia on the posterior margin of the abdominal tergites, and the metapleura are covered with fine and delicate microtrichia. However, paulistarum has the fore wings extensively brown, with a distinct sub-basal pale area. Males are similar to bicolor in coloration and structure, but the paired dorsal processes on abdominal tergite IX are more developed, as in the North American species analis and vitis. These finger-like projections are presumably associated with copulatory behavior.Published as part of Pereyra, Veronica & Cavalleri, Adriano, 2012, The genus Heterothrips (Thysanoptera) in Brazil, with an identification key and seven new species, pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 3237 on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28041
Lenkothrips kaminskii Cavalleri & Mound 2014, sp. n.
No full textLenkothrips kaminskii sp. n. (Figs 13–19) Female. Body dark brown, head and pronotum darker (Fig. 13); femora uniformly brown, tibiae brown medially; all tarsi yellow; antennal segments largely brown, I & II darker; basal half of III and basal third of IV yellow (Fig. 14); fore wing brown with a pale sub-basal area (Fig. 16). Head about 1.3 times wider than long, with no long setae, ocellar setae minute, pair III inside ocellar triangle, just in front of posterior ocelli (Fig. 15), ocellar area weakly reticulate; three pairs of postocular setae arising near inner margin of eyes and three additional pairs close to outer margin. Antennal segment III longer than segment IV, both with a long and continuous sensorial area extending laterally to the basal fifth. Pronotum with strong sculpture; about 30 discal setae and 7–8 pairs of short posteromarginal setae (Fig. 15). Mesonotum closely striate, distance between striae less than 4 microns medially (often narrower than discal setal pore); metanotum with concentric lines bearing many microtrichia (Fig. 17). Fore wing with two complete rows of strong, brown setae; clavus with 7–8 setae and one discal setae. Abdominal tergites I–VIII with independent fringe of posteromarginal microtrichia, well developed laterally on I–V but bearing only few teeth medially; lateral thirds covered with dense rows of fine microtrichia (Fig. 18). Sternites with 6 pairs of posteromarginal setae arising well in front of posterior margin. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length about 1300 (–1165). Head, length 117; width 160. Pronotum, length 160; width 230. Hind tibia length 195; width 33; hind tarsus length 57; width 17, Fore wing length 745. Antennal segments I–IX length (width), 25 (30), 35 (25), 82 (22), 70 (22), 20 (16), 22 (12), 15 (10), 17 (8), 20 (5), respectively. Male. Smaller and paler than female; sternites IV–VIII each one with a relatively small oval pore plate at antecostal ridge (Fig. 19). Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length about 915. Pronotum, length 127; width 182. Material examined. Holotype female (UFRGS), Brazil: Rio de Janeiro: Paraty (23º20’36”S, 44º42’47”W), 29.xii.2010, from Stigmaphyllon ? auriculatum flowers (Malpighiaceae), A. Cavalleri. Paratypes: 1 female, 1 male collected with holotype. Comments. This species shares many characters with L. guaraniticus described above. In both species, the pronotum is sculptured with distinct lines and the antennal morphology is similar with long sensoria on segments III & IV. However, in L. kaminskii, the basal half of antennal segment IV is yellow, not brown, and segments VII–IX are distinctly longer than in L. guaraniticus. In contrast to the other Lenkothrips species, the mesonotum is closely striate and the male pore plates are relatively small and oval. This species was found co-existing with Scutothrips nudus (Moulton) in the yellow flowers of climbing Stigmaphyllon shrubs only a few meters from the coast.Published as part of Cavalleri, Adriano & Mound, Laurence A., 2014, The neotropical flower-living genus Lenkothrips (Thysanoptera, Heterothripidae): three new species and an identification key, pp. 581-590 in Zootaxa 3814 (4) on pages 585-586, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3814.4.9, http://zenodo.org/record/491932
Holopothrips infestans Lindner & Ferrari & Mound & Cavalleri 2018, sp. n.
No full textHolopothrips infestans sp. n. (Figs 112–119) Diagnostic features. Body (except antenna) uniformly brown; maxillary stylets parallel; one pair of long pronotal setae on epimeral region; metanotal sculpture with weakly defined reticles, without internal markings; pelta somewhat constricted medially and with broad basal wings; third pair of abdominal WR mostly absent; male with single median pore plate on sternite VIII; female spermatheca not enlarged. Macropterous female: Body (Fig. 112) uniformly brown, with fore tibia and fore tarsi yellow, tergite X dark brown on basal half and lighter on apical half. Antennal segment I concolourous with head, II brown on basal half and yellow on apical half, III–IV yellow, V–VI yellow shaded light brown on apical half, VII light brown with base yellow, VIII light brown. Fore wings weakly shaded, without median dark line, clavus shaded; major body setae brownish yellow. Head (Fig. 113) length and width behind eyes subequal, sometimes very slightly longer, dorsal surface with transverse lines of sculpture, cheeks slightly curved. Eyes well-developed, dorsal length about 0.4 of head length; po with slightly expanded to capitate apex, slightly shorter than the dorsal width of the eye. Maxillary stylets parallel, reaching po level and about a fourth of head width apart. Mouth cone (Fig. 114) with pointed tip, reaching the posterior margin of fore coxae. Antennal segments III and IV with 3 sense cones each. Pronotum (Fig. 113) trapezoidal, surface smooth medially, with few lines enclosing irregular elongate reticles near posterior margin; epimeral sutures incomplete and short. Five major pairs of pronotal setae, one pair on epimeral region; am small or reduced with acute tip, aa, ml, ep and pa well-developed and with slightly expanded to capitate tips. Basantra absent; prosternal ferna well-developed, close medially but not touching, anterior margins weakly produced. Mesonotum (Fig. 115) with reticulation medially, some almost equiangular reticles surrounded by elongated reticles or transverse lines; internal markings on sculpture absent. Metanotum (Fig. 116) with faint irregular reticles, longitudinally elongated laterally, internal markings on sculpture absent; two to five anterior discal setae and one pair of median major setae present. Fore tarsal hamus not enlarged. Fore wings with 10 to 14 duplicated cilia. Pelta (Fig. 117) weakly bell-shaped, anterior margin rounded or with a projection ending in a straight margin, with wide lateral wings; paired campaniform sensilla present. Sculpture covering the whole pelta, sometimes weaker medially; almost equiangular reticles medially, elongated near anterior and posterior margins, internal markings on sculpture absent. Tergite II (Fig. 117) with small irregular reticles medially and elongated anterolaterally; sculpture less defined on further tergites. Third pair of wing retaining setae mostly absent, but sometimes a small and not curved lateral setae is close to the wing retaining pairs. Tergite IX setae S1, S2 and S3 with finely acute apexes. Tube about 0.85 of head length and about 2.0 times as long as greatest width near base, apical width about 0.5 of basal width. Spermatheca (Fig. 119) S-shaped, slightly thickened medially but not swollen. Measurements (female holotype in microns): Length about 2548, head length 240, width behind eyes 212, po length 62, eye dorsal length 97; median length of pronotum 157, width across ep 312, am 12, aa 46, ml 85, ep 107, pa 95; width of mesonotum 350; fore wing length 1020; tergite IX setae S1 192, S2 250, S3 237; tergite X length 205, basal width 100, apical width 45; length(width) of antennal segments III–VIII 72 (30), 65(32), 65(29), 69(27), 62(25), 30(14), respectively. Macropterous male: Similar to female in both colouration and structure, but slightly smaller. Pore plate (Fig. 118) with reticulate texture and present on sternite VIII, a thin transverse band posterior to discal setae. Measurements (male paratype in microns): Length about 2153; head length 212, width behind eyes 197, po length 57, eye dorsal length 87; median length of pronotum 147, width across ep 275, am 7, aa 25, ml 60, ep 97, pa 86; width of mesonotum 287; fore wing length 840; tergite IX setae S1 250, S2 265, S3 262; tergite X length 170, basal width 87, apical width 42; length(width) of antennal segments III–VIII 70 (30), 60(30), 65(27), 65(25), 60(22), 36(14), respectively. Larvae: Body largely yellow but with conspicuous rings of red internal pigmentation on thorax and abdomen. Material studied. Holotype female, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, in Acca sellowiana leaves, 28.ix.2013 (Cavalleri, A.), at UFRGS. Slide code UFRGS 3209. Paratypes: 4 males and 3 females collected with holotype, at UFRGS. Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula (FLONA), 1 male, 2 females and 5 larvae in Acca sellowiana galls, 17.i.2014 (Cavalleri, A.), at UFRGS. 1 female in Acca sellowiana galls, 17.i.2014 (Cavalleri, A.), at ANIC. Non-type specimens: 3 males and 3 females, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Videira, in Acca sellowiana, 18.xii.1989 (Hickel, E. R.); 2 males, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, in Acca sellowiana leaves, 13.x.2006 (Cavalleri, A.); same locality, 1 male and 1 female, in Acca sellowiana galls, 1.i.2007 (Cavalleri, A.); same locality, 4 males and 3 females, in Acca sellowiana, 30.xii.2007 (Cavalleri, A.); 1 male and 1 female, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Jaquirana, in Acca sp., 28.i.2013 (Cavalleri, A.); all at UFRGS. Etymology. Named in reference to the damage this species causes to leaves of Acca sellowiana (Fig. 11). Comments. Most specimens of this species lack the third pair of WR, similar to H. flavisetis and H. inconspicuus, but otherwise fit the diagnostic characters of the genus. It can be distinguished from these two species for having the head slightly longer than wide (Fig. 113) and female spermatheca not enlarged medially (Fig. 119). Holopothrips infestans is structurally very similar to H. acrioris and H. conducans, sharing with them the pattern of metanotal sculpture (Fig. 116) and the reduced pore plates of males (Fig. 118), but differs from both species in having only one pair of epimeral setae (Fig. 113) and pelta with a weak constriction near base (Fig. 117). Apparently, H. infestans feeds only on Acca sellowiana, on which it induces characteristic rolled leaf-margin galls (Fig. 11). This thrips is referred to as a pest of feijoa by Hickel & Ducroquet (1993) in Santa Catarina, South Brazil, and mentioned as ‘ Phrasterothrips sp.’ by these authors.Published as part of Lindner, Mariana F., Ferrari, Augusto, Mound, Laurence A. & Cavalleri, Adriano, 2018, Holopothrips diversity-a Neotropical genus of gall-inducing insects (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae), pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 4494 (1) on pages 46-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4494.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/144518
Heterothrips savanicus Pereyra & Cavalleri, 2012, sp. n.
No full textHeterothrips savanicus sp. n. Female winged. Body brown (Fig. 21); fore legs pale brown washed with dark brown at base of femur and tibia, mid and hind femora and tibiae brown with pale apex; tarsi pale; antennal segment I–II and V–IX brown, III pale brown, IV pale brown at base, brown at apex; fore wing uniformly brown. Head wider than long, with no long setae; ocellar region with three pairs of setae, pair III on anterior margin of ocellar triangle (Fig. 27). Antennae 9 -segmented, segment III apparently divided into three parts, IV entire and shorter than III, both segments with one row of small sensorial pores (Figs 25–26). Pronotum broadly reticulate with no long setae (Fig. 28); mesonotum reticulate-striate; metanotum with concentric lines of sculpture, covered with microtrichia and not forming a triangle (Fig. 24). Fore wing with two rows of minute brown setae. Abdominal tergites I–VIII laterally with several rows of microtrichia and with an entire craspedum bearing a fringe of small microtrichia on posterolateral margin; craspeda absent medially but with a fringe of microtrichia posteromedially (Fig. 22). Sternites II–VI posterior margins with well-developed entire craspedum bearing microtrichia, with about 6 pairs of posteromarginal setae and no discal setae present (Fig. 23). Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1140 (distended). Head, length 80; width 137. Pronotum, length 125; width 215. Fore wing length 720; median width 32. Abdominal tergites IX and X length 72 and 62, respectively. Antennal segments III–IX length (width), 55 (22), 40 (22), 32 (18), 32 (15), 20 (12), 20 (10), 20 (8). Material examined. Holotype female, Brazil, São Paulo, Itirapina (22 º 16 ’ 11 ”S, 47 º 49 ’ 37 ”W), 14.iii. 2010, on Psyllocarpus ? phyllocephalus flowers (A. Cavalleri). Paratypes: 14 females collected with holotype. Comments. This new species has undivided tergal craspeda while most of the described Brazilian species have a comb of microtrichia or craspedal lobes on the posterolateral margins of the tergites. Abdominal tergite VIII has a lateral craspeda and microtrichia posteromedially, rather than the usual independent regular row of microtrichia. Apparently related to australis, this species was found living in the small flowers of an herbaceous Rubiaceae together with Haplothrips gowdeyi.Published as part of Pereyra, Veronica & Cavalleri, Adriano, 2012, The genus Heterothrips (Thysanoptera) in Brazil, with an identification key and seven new species, pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 3237 on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28041
Holopothrips claritibialis Cavalleri & Kaminski, 2007, sp. nov.
No full textHolopothrips claritibialis sp. nov. Macropterous female (Figs. 1 –6, 12). Body uniformly dark brown with no internal pigmentation; fore tibiae and tarsi yellow, middle and hind tibiae largely yellow except brown in basal 1 / 5 and 1 / 4 respectively; antennal segment I concolorous with head, II brownish in basal 2 / 3 and yellowish at tip, III–VIII yellow, VII and VIII very lightly shaded with brown; forewings pale, with a very small brown area near base, wings without median dark line; major setae light brown; tergite X brown in basal 2 / 3 and yellow at apex. Head about 1.3 times as long as greatest width, cheeks straight and parallel; eyes enlarged and weakly surrounding the ocelli, longer dorsally than ventrally; PO expanded at tip and well developed (longer than twice the diameter of posterior ocellus); maxillary stylets retracted close to PO and about 1 / 4 of head width apart (Fig. 1); antennae slender and 8 -segmented, III and IV with three simple sense cones each; dorsal surface with weak transverse reticulation. Mouth-cone short (not reaching probasisternum) and rounded at tip, extending about 0.185 mm beyond posterior dorsal margin of head. Pronotum transverse and weakly reticulated; four pairs of long and capitate setae, only one pair of elongate setae on epimera, AM pointed and short, usually not longer than discal setae; epimeral sutures incomplete (Fig. 2); prosternum with a pair of small chitinous islets next to the well developed probasisternum, basantra absent (Fig. 3); mesonotum with reticles elongated horizontally at anterior and posterior region (Fig. 5); metanotum with reticulation, elongated on anterior half and equiangular on posterior half(sometimes with internal markings), reticles slightly elongate on anterior half (Fig. 4); duplicated cilia on forewings present but variable in number. Pelta triangular with paired campaniform sensilla, equiangular reticulation well defined medially but very weak or absent laterally and posteriorly (Fig. 6); tergites II–VII each with three pairs of wing-retaining setae; tergite IX setae B 1 weakly expanded, B 2 and B 3 acute; tergite X about 0.6 of head length and about 1.9 times as long as greatest width near base, apical width about 0.6 of basal width. Measurements of female (holotype), in microns (mµ): Length about 3200; head length 360, greatest width across cheeks 245, PO length 75, eye dorsal length 145; median length of pronotum 160, width 360, AM length 15, AA length 60, ML length 90, EP length 125, PA length 87; width of mesonotum 290; forewing length 1300; tergite IX setae B 1 225, B 2 305, B 3 183; tergite X length 250, basal width 95, apical width 50; length of antennal segments III–VIII 115, 90, 100, 82, 52, 45, respectively. Macropterous male (Fig. 7). Similar to female in coloration and structure, though smaller; duplicated cilia on forewings present; three glandular areas on sternites VII and VIII, one extending across the posterior region (sometimes interrupted on VII and rarely on VIII) and two oval areas placed anterolaterally (Fig. 7); B 2 setae on abdominal tergite IX not shortened. Measurements of male (paratype): Length about 2700; head length 335, greatest width across cheeks 220, PO length 67, eye dorsal length 137; median length of pronotum 142, width 320, AM length 12, AA length 50, ML length 77, EP length 127, PA length 75; forewing length 1080; tergite IX setae B 1 200, B 2 250, B 3 227; tergite X length 220, basal width 90, apical width 50; length of antennal segments III–VIII 102, 82, 92, 75, 65, 37, respectively. Egg (Fig. 8). Very small (425 mµ long and about 200 mµ wide) and uniformly whitish in color, sub-reniform shape and exochorion weakly reticulate. Larva I (Fig. 9). Body color white and approximately 1300 mµ long (distended). All dorsal setae with capitate apices and ventral setae acute; three dorsal pairs of setae on head, median two pairs long and capitate and lateral pair short and pointed, antennae 7 -segmented, I–VI white and VII brown colored; red pigment present only in eyes; abdominal segments IX–XI light brown. Larva II (Fig. 10). About 1800 mµ long (distended) and similar to larva I in coloration but with legs and antennal segments I–VI slightly shaded, VII brown. Chaetotaxy also similar to larva I, except for the three pairs of setae on the head, which are all well developed and capitate; internal pigmentation present in eyes; abdominal segments IX–XI uniformly brown. Pupa (Fig. 11). Length about 1900 mµ. White color with extensive orange internal content and red pigment in eyes. Wing buds clearly visible and reaching abdominal segment V. Type material. Holotype female, Brazil, Maquiné county, from Mollinedia schottiana leaves, 03.xi. 2006 (Cavalleri, A.), in the zoological collection of Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos (LEI), Departamento de Zoologia, UFRGS (Brazil). Paratypes: 7 females and 7 males collected with holotype, in the collection cited above; Maquiné county, from M. schottiana leaves, 12.ii. 2007 (Cavalleri, A.), 4 females and 4 males, in CAS Entomology collection, California, USA, and 3 females and 3 males in ESALQ / USP collection, Piracicaba, Brazil. Etymology: The specific name is derived from Latin and refers to the yellow color of all tibiae.Published as part of Cavalleri, Adriano & Kaminski, Lucas A., 2007, A new Holopothrips species (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) damaging Mollinedia (Monimiaceae) leaves in Southern Brazil, pp. 61-68 in Zootaxa 1625 on pages 62-64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27394
Lenkothrips guaraniticus Cavalleri & Mound 2014, sp. n.
No full textLenkothrips guaraniticus sp. n. (Figs 5–11) Female. Body dark brown; femora largely brown, tibiae brown medially with pale apices; all tarsi yellow; antennal segments largely brown, I & II darker, pedicel of III yellowish; fore wing brown with a large paler area sub-basally. Head about 1.5 times wider than long, with no long setae, ocellar setae minute, pair III inside ocellar triangle, just in front of posterior ocelli, ocellar area weakly reticulate; three pairs of postocular setae arising near inner margin of eyes and three additional pairs close to outer margin. Antennal segment III longer than IV, both with a long and continuous sensorial area extending laterally to almost all of the segment length (Fig. 7). Pronotum with distinct lines of sculpture; about 25 discal setae and 5–6 pairs of short posteromarginal setae (Fig. 8). Mesonotum with transverse elongate reticles, distance between lines about equal to diameter of a discal setal pore; metanotum with irregular sculpture, forming concentric lines posteromedially; microtrichia present (Fig. 9). Fore wing with two complete rows of strong but short, brown setae (Fig. 12); clavus with 7–8 setae and one discal setae. Abdominal tergites I–VIII with independent fringe of posteromarginal microtrichia, well developed laterally on I–V but with few teeth medially; lateral thirds covered with dense rows of fine microtrichia (Fig. 10). Sternites with 6 pairs of posteromarginal setae arising well in front of posterior margin. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length about 1200 (1025–1220). Head, length 100; width 157. Pronotum, length 147; width 232. Hind tibia length 197; width 32; hind tarsus length 52; width 18. Fore wing length 775. Antennal segments I–IX length (width), 22 (32), 32 (30), 87 (25), 77 (25), 20 (17), 25 (15), 16 (12), 15 (10), 15 (5), respectively. Male. Smaller and slightly paler than female (Fig. 5); sternites IV–VIII each one with a large transverse pore plate at antecostal ridge (Fig. 11). Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length about 1,000 (–0,925). Head, length 115; width 142. Pronotum, length 152; width 195. Material examined. Holotype female (UFRGS), Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre (30º03’59”S, 51º07’15”W), 12.iv.2012, from Janusia guaranitica flowers (Malpighiaceae), A. Cavalleri. Paratypes (UFRGS & ANIC): 10 females, 4 males collected with holotype; 1 female with similar data but 11.ii.2011; 2 females with similar data but 23.ii.2011; Encruzilhada do Sul, 2 females from J. guaranitica flowers, 10.ii.2013. Comments. This species is possibly closely related to L. kaminskii, described below, which is also found in the flowers of a climbing species of Malpighiaceae. The antennal sensoria on III & IV extend close to base of segment, and the lateral thirds of abdominal tergites are covered with many irregular rows of microtrichia. The sub-basal pale area on the fore wings is present but less distinctive than in L. kaminskii, and the setae on the first and second rows are unusually short. This species was found only on Janusia guaranitica flowers (Fig. 4), particularly during December through February, and the larvae are whitish in colour.Published as part of Cavalleri, Adriano & Mound, Laurence A., 2014, The neotropical flower-living genus Lenkothrips (Thysanoptera, Heterothripidae): three new species and an identification key, pp. 581-590 in Zootaxa 3814 (4) on pages 583-585, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3814.4.9, http://zenodo.org/record/491932
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