9,030 research outputs found
The effect of oxygen starvation on ignition phenomena in a reactive solid containing a hot-spot
No full textIn this paper, we explore the effect of oxygen supply on the conditions necessary to sustain a self-propagating front from a spherical source of heat embedded in a much larger volume of solid. The ignition characteristics for a spherical hot-spot are investigated, where the reaction is limited by oxygen, that is, reactant + oxygen ? product. It is found that over a wide range of realistic oxygen supply levels, constant heating of the solid by the hot-spot results in a self-propagating combustion front above a certain critical hot-spot power; this is clearly an important issue for industries in which hazard prevention is important. The ignition event leading to the formation of this combustion wave involves an extremely sensitive balance between the heat generated by the chemical reaction and the depletion of the reactant. As a result, for small hot-spot radii and infinite oxygen supply, not only is there a critical power above which a self-sustained combustion front is initiated there also exists a power beyond which no front is formed, before a second higher critical power is found. The plot of critical power against hot-spot radius thus takes on a Z-shape appearance. The corresponding shape for the oxygen-limited reaction is qualitatively the same when the ratio of solid thermal diffusion to oxygen mass diffusion (N) is small and we establish critical conditions for the initiation of a self-sustained combustion front in that case. As N gets larger, while still below unity, we show that the Z-shape flattens out. At still larger values of N, the supercritical behaviour becomes increasingly difficult to define and is supplanted by burning that depends more uniformly on power. In other words, the transition from slow burning to complete combustion seen at small values of N for some critical power disappears. Even higher values of N lead to less solid burning at fixed values of power
Mcintosh, M J, 51348
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/403530Surname: MCINTOSH. Given Name(s) or Initials: M J. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: 51348. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: SEA-1830.224920
Item: [2016.0049.35823] "Mcintosh, M J, 51348
Ross, J M (John Mcintosh), NX30196
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/414372Surname: ROSS. Given Name(s) or Initials: J M (JOHN MCINTOSH). Military Service Number or Last Known Location: NX30196. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 21567.233611
Item: [2016.0049.46633] "Ross, J M (John Mcintosh), NX30196
Mcintosh, M K (Murray Keith), VX25830
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/403548Surname: MCINTOSH. Given Name(s) or Initials: M K (MURRAY KEITH). Military Service Number or Last Known Location: VX25830. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 16961.224956
Item: [2016.0049.35841] "Mcintosh, M K (Murray Keith), VX25830
Existence challenged, progress envisioned, culture compromised: the effects of western influences on traditional values in South Korea
No full textThis thesis is an exploratory one, which examines the relationship between Western influences (such as the media, education, work, travel, and friendships) and traditional values in South Korea (such as those related to family, social relationships, nationalism, social order, leisure time, work, religion and women�����s issues). The relationship between these was investigated in light of modernization theories and Riesman�����s stages of societal progress. Furthermore, a survey was conducted among 579 individuals from the younger and older generations in Seoul and Daegu, to determine the degree of Western influences among the generations, and the adherence to traditional values. It was found that the younger generation clearly had more exposure to Western influences, and also adhered much less to traditional values, while the opposite held true for the older generation. A case was made that South Korea�����s unprecedented development following Independence opened the country, especially the younger generation, to influences from the West as they had never experienced before. The generation gap that came as a result of this is extreme, and without express effort to preserve those traditional values that have shaped Korean society for so long, there may be serious ramifications for Korean society in the future
Social identities within the Society for Creative Anachronism
No full textThis research investigated the issue of identity within a historical reenactment group called the Society for Creative Anachronism, the SCA. This international organization numbering in the tens of thousands of participants offered an unusual setting with which to investigate the issue of identities due to identities' fluid nature among SCA members. Whether or not a member was satisfied with their modern world identity, members were free to create a medieval persona, an identity based on a medieval time and culture. Identity Theory provided the conceptual framework to analyze and understand the nature of transient identities that become more permanent through continued participation within the organization. Research hypotheses examined the relationships between subjects' perceived feelings of belonging and their participation in the organization, perceived sense of emotional closeness with subjects' biological family and their participation as well as the relationship between subjects' occupational prestige ranking and their degree of involvement in the SCA. It was found that subjects' participation within the SCA was significantly impacted by perceived sense of belonging within the group as well as by occupational prestige ranking
Cooptation of the kept, maintaining control in a southern penitentiary
No full textTypescript (photocopy).Traditionally, social control in prison has been described as the result of a single cause such as formal rules, inmate elites, or the informal compromises made between the guards and inmates. This case study, of one prison in the Texas Department of Corrections, examines social control in prison as the combination of the various means (formal and informal) employed by the staff and inmates. Findings (based on participant observation) show that formally, the staff enforced the prison order through periodic searches, counts, and other means of inmate-surveillance. The staff also controlled the inmates through formal rules and inmate rule violators were punished quickly and severely in an attempt to deter the other inmates. In addition, the staff controlled the inmates with a complex system of privileges to reinforce positive behavior. In contrast, the staff used such informal measures as beatings and humiliation tactics to informally control the inmates. Findings also reveal that the staff coopted the dominant inmates with special privileges to control the ordinary inmates in the living areas. The dominant inmates, called Building Tenders and Turnkeys, formally provided the staff with information about ordinary inmate misbehavior, protected officers, and broke up fights between inmates. Informally, these inmate elites maintained control in the cell blocks through diplomacy, intimidation, and physical coercion. This study also examines how social control in prison has been altered by inmate civil suits and Federal Court ordered reforms. That is, the traditional forms of control (e.g., staff use of force and the Building Tender system) are no longer viable and these rulings have brought about serious changes within the inmate social system and staff organization. In light of general findings, the report concludes that control in prison will become increasingly more difficult to maintain due to constant litigation and will increase the chances for violence, especially between officers and inmates
Dietary calcium intake and overweight in adolescence
No full textRecent research has shown an association between low dietary calcium intake and obesity in adults as well as overweight in young children; however, this relationship has not been investigated in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between inadequate calcium intake and overweight in adolescents. The hypothesis of this study was that there is a negative correlation between dietary calcium intake and overweight in adolescents. The study population consisted of middle school and high school students (n = 102) in a local school district. The gender and ethnic distributions of the sample were as follows: 74% female, 26% male, 63% Caucasian, 16% African-American, 12% Hispanic, and 8% other. Dietary calcium and energy intakes were assessed using a previously validated calcium-focused food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for youths. Calcium intake was also assessed using a single question on daily milk consumption. The FFQ was administered by trained interviewers to groups of three to five students. Body fat was assessed using body mass index for age (BMI-for-age) and sum of triceps and subscapular skinfolds (STS). The mean reported calcium intake was 1,972 �� 912 mg/day, and mean reported energy intake was 3,421 �� 1,710 kcals/day. Reported calcium intake from the FFQ was inflated since approximately 75% reported drinking less than three glasses of milk a day. According to BMI-for-age, 29% were classified as at risk of overweight or overweight. Using STS, 39% were classified as overweight. Chi-square analysis using either method of dietary calcium intake and either method of overweight assessment did not show dependence between categories of calcium intake and level of weight or body fat. This study failed to show a relationship between dietary calcium intake and risk of overweight or overweight in adolescents
The effect of bureaucratic structure on individual contributions to a public good
No full textTypescript (photocopy).The effect of bureaucratic structure on individual contributions to a public good is examined using a laboratory experiment. It is proposed that when individuals are placed in the context of an ideal-typical bureaucracy (as described by Weber), they will become oriented to collective outcomes and contribute more to a public good, than if they are placed in the context of a non-bureaucratic setting. The experimental design is a 3x2 factoral with the factors being Position (worker, supervisor, manager) and Organizational Structure (bureaucratic, nonbureaucratic). One hundred and thirty five subjects are randomly assigned to the six treatments, with gender being a block variable (at least 10 males and 10 females are in each treatment). The dependent variable, individual contributions to the public good, is measured by the number of tokens contributed by the individual to a group fund. An analysis of variance finds no significant difference between the mean contributions of each treatment group. Therefore, it is found that bureaucratic structure has no effect on individual contributions to a public good
Cost of being a Mexican immigrant and being a Mexican non-citizen in California and Texas
No full textThe purpose of this thesis is to examine hourly wage differences across different
groups of Mexican-origin workers. First, I assess the cost of foreign-born status by
comparing the hourly wages of Mexican immigrant workers with those of native-born
Mexican American workers. Second, I assess the cost of non-citizenship status by comparing
the hourly wages of non-citizens with those of Mexican-born U.S. naturalized citizens. I also
seek to determine if these costs are greater in California than in Texas. The data are drawn
from the 2000 5% Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) U.S. Census. The results from
multiple linear regression analyses show that being an immigrant, particularly a non-citizen
immigrant, is associated with lower hourly wages, especially in California. Thus, Mexicanorigin
workers, especially those in California, bear dual costs for being foreign-born and not
being naturalized citizens. Furthermore, I focus on length of U.S. residence to assess the
social and economic impact of the different periods on the costs associated with foreign-born
status. First, those who came to the United States before the IRCA of 1986 and a series of
California propositions during the 1990s have higher hourly wages than those who arrived
later, because of more stable labor market conditions and the effect of the duration of stay in the United States. Second, those who arrived during the last decade have much lower hourly
wages because of their disadvantaged labor market contexts
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