4,035 research outputs found

    Decommissioning of Offshore Platforms in Adriatic Sea: The Total Removal Option from a Life Cycle Assessment Perspective

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    The international energy scenario to date is heavily based on fossil energy sources such as coal, oil or natural gas. According to the international ecological goals of the UNFCCC formalized in the legally binding treaty called the Paris Agreement, the next global challenges will be the decommissioning, dismantling or reconversion of the current fossil energy system into a new, more sustainable system that makes more efficient use of renewable energy technologies. Worldwide, there are about 6500 offshore oil and gas facilities and about 130 of them are located in the Mediterranean basin, mainly in the Adriatic and Ionian Seas: more than 110 offshore gas platforms have been installed in these areas since 1960. In this paper, using Life Cycle Assessment, the environmental and economic impacts of the total removal operations of an existing offshore platform in the context of the Adriatic Sea are assessed based on existing and registered decommissioning projects. In addition, the avoided impacts of primary steel production due to its recovery and recycling from the removed platform are assessed using the system boundary expansion method

    The cleaner option for energy production from a municipal solid biowaste

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    The environmental performances of four market-available thermochemical and biochemical processes for energy production from municipal solid biowaste have been compared by means of a combined utilisation of Life Cycle Assessment and Material Flow Analysis. The thermochemical options are those of co-combustion and co-gasification with an unsorted residual municipal waste. The biochemical options are those of anaerobic digestion, with energy cogeneration from the obtained biogas or biomethane. The production of 1 MJ of primary energy from the biowaste fed to these treatment plants has been assumed as the functional unit. The study identified the life cycle stages where a specific improvement can better contribute to a remarkable increase of the environmental performances of each of the examined energy production scenarios. A sensitivity analysis investigated the effect of the local electric energy mix, taking into account its evolution until 2030. The results indicate that anaerobic digestion is the biowaste-to-energy process with the best environmental performances, particularly when energy generation is obtained from the combustion of biomethane produced by biogas upgrading (with improvements up to 167% for Global Warming Potential and up to 107% for Non-Renewable Energy Potential)
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