1,724,946 research outputs found
The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of miR-3149 in osteoporotic fractures through SMAD4
No full textAbstract Background Osteoporotic fractures (OPF) are one of the most common bone diseases in aging societies. MiR-3149 is a short non-coding RNA, its expression level, therapeutic effects, and mechanisms in OPF remain unclear. Purpose This study aims to explore the impact of miR-3149 on OPF progression and uncover its mechanism for influencing OPF progression via SMAD4. Methods In this study, we first used reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to detect miR-3149 expression levels in the serum of OPF patients. Then, we assessed miR-3149’s diagnostic value for OPF via ROC curve analysis. Using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, flow cytometry, and RT-qPCR, we explored miR-3149’s effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the expression of key factors RANK and NFATc1. Furthermore, we examined SMAD4 expression in RAW264.7 cells and conducted a dual-luciferase reporter assay to confirm the interaction between miR-3149 and SMAD4. Finally, we analyzed how miR-3149 regulates SMAD4 expression and investigated the effects of miR-3149-mediated SMAD4 regulation on cell function. Results This study reveals that miR-3149 is markedly upregulated in the OPF group, effectively differentiating the control and case groups. MiR-3149 knockdown suppressed RAW264.7 cell proliferation and osteoclastic differentiation, while inducing apoptosis. Notably, SMAD4, a downstream target gene of miR-3149, was low-expressed in RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells, and exhibits specific binding with miR-3149. Co-transfection with pcDNA-SMAD4 reversed the effects of mimic-miR on RAW264.7 cell proliferation, apoptosis, and osteoclastic induction. Conclusions Down-regulating miR-3149 inhibited the osteoclastic generation ability of RAW264.7 by up-regulating SMAD4 expression
Mechanistic Investigations into the Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylic Alkylation of Ketone Enolates Using the PHOX Ligand Architecture
Get PDFPalladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation has become a large and important field for chemical synthesis. Many methodologies in this field offer mild conditions under which challenging and important molecular features can be reliably synthesized, including chiral all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. As a result, palladium- catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation has found significant use in total synthesis, and growing use in industry. While the general process of palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation has been studied for decades, there have been a number of recent modifications and developments, such as asymmetric versions of decarboxylative allylic alkylation procedures that are not yet well understood. The development of future implementations and improvements to palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation and related methodologies is expected to be facilitated by a better understanding of these more recent developments, and thus further mechanistic investigation is warranted.
Reported herein is a set of investigations into the palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative asymmetric allylic alkylation of ketone enolates using the PHOX ligand architecture. By monitoring the reaction via 31P NMR, a series of previously unidentified key intermediates is discovered. Two representatives of these key intermediates are isolated and characterized. The solution behavior of these species under reaction-like conditions is studied along with a few novel and related complexes. The role of these intermediates and their impact on the behavior of the reaction and product formation is discussed. Previously confounding experimentally observed behavior for this methodology is rationalized via the properties elucidated for these discovered intermediates.</p
Block Card 3149 Elmview Avenue
No full textThis image was produced by the Auditor's Office in Lucas County, Ohio for tax assessment purposes. Associated dates are approximate. Descriptive terms related to this photograph include: Ranch Style | Dwelling | 3149 Elmview Avenue (Toledo, Ohio) | Elmhurst Park Addition (Toledo, Ohio) | Deveaux Area (Toledo, Ohio) | West Toledo (Toledo, Ohio
Block Card 3149 Penrose Avenue
No full textThis image was produced by the Auditor's Office in Lucas County, Ohio for tax assessment purposes. Associated dates are approximate. Descriptive terms related to this photograph include: Cape Cod Style | 3149 Penrose Avenue (Toledo, Ohio) | Dwelling | Penrock Place Addition (Toledo, Ohio) | South Toledo Area (Toledo, Ohio
Block Card 3149 Dorian Drive
No full textThis image was produced by the Auditor's Office in Lucas County, Ohio for tax assessment purposes. Associated dates are approximate. Descriptive terms related to this photograph include: Ranch houses | 3149 Dorian Drive (Toledo, Ohio) | Dwelling | Southern Woods (Toledo, Ohio) | South Toledo Area (Toledo, Ohio
Block Card 3149 Kimball Avenue
No full textThis image was produced by the Auditor's Office in Lucas County, Ohio for tax assessment purposes. Associated dates are approximate. Descriptive terms related to this photograph include: Modern Colonial Style | Dwelling | 3149 Kimball Avenue (Toledo, Ohio) | Old West End (Toledo, Ohio) | Corydon Heights Addition (Toledo, Ohio
Block Card 3149 Villa Drive
No full textThis image was produced by the Auditor's Office in Lucas County, Ohio for tax assessment purposes. Associated dates are approximate. Descriptive terms related to this photograph include: Ranch houses | 3149 Villa Drive (Toledo, Ohio) | Dwelling | Southern Woods (Toledo, Ohio) | South Toledo Area (Toledo, Ohio
Block Card 3149 Muirfield Avenue
No full textThis image was produced by the Auditor's Office in Lucas County, Ohio for tax assessment purposes. Associated dates are approximate. Descriptive terms related to this photograph include: Cape Cod Style | 3149 Muirfield Avenue (Toledo, Ohio) | Dwelling | Heather Downs Addition (Toledo, Ohio) | South Toledo Area (Toledo, Ohio
Block Card 3149 Radford Avenue
No full textThis image was produced by the Auditor's Office in Lucas County, Ohio for tax assessment purposes. Associated dates are approximate. Descriptive terms related to this photograph include: Ranch houses | 3149 Radford Avenue (Toledo, Ohio) | Dwelling | Replat of Vanderbilt Terrace (Toledo, Ohio) | South Toledo Area (Toledo, Ohio
Sledge, William Leonard, b. 1948 (SC 3149)
Get PDFFinding aid and scan (Click on Additional Files below) for Manuscripts Small Collection 3149. A genealogy of the Sledge family, chiefly of Warren County, Kentucky, titled “Sledge: Family of Miles Carey Sledge and Sarah Jordan Sledge,” written by William L. Sledge
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