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FIGURES 1–4. Picicola serrafreirei Valim & Linardi n in Two new species of Picicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938 (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from Piciformes (Bucconidae and Galbulidae) in Brazil
No full textFIGURES 1–4. Picicola serrafreirei Valim & Linardi n. sp. 1, dorsoventral male. 2, dorsoventral male head. 3, dorsoventral female. 4, dorsoventral female head. (Bar for figures 1 and 3 = 0.4mm, and figures 2 and 4 = 0.3mm)Published as part of Valim, Michel P. & Linardi, Pedro M., 2006, Two new species of Picicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938 (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from Piciformes (Bucconidae and Galbulidae) in Brazil, pp. 21-29 in Zootaxa 1172 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.264568
FIGURES 13–16. Picicola galbulica Valim & Linardi n in Two new species of Picicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938 (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from Piciformes (Bucconidae and Galbulidae) in Brazil
No full textFIGURES 13–16. Picicola galbulica Valim & Linardi n. sp. 5, male genitalia (bar = 0.6mm). 6, endomeral plate of male genitalia (bar = 0.3mm). 7, female genital plate and vulvar region (bar = 0.1mm). 8, male genital plate (setae not drawn) (bar = 0.2mm)Published as part of Valim, Michel P. & Linardi, Pedro M., 2006, Two new species of Picicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938 (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from Piciformes (Bucconidae and Galbulidae) in Brazil, pp. 21-29 in Zootaxa 1172 on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.264568
Picicola serrafreirei Valim and Linardi
No full textPicicola serrafreirei Valim and Linardi (Figs. 25–27) Picicola serrafreirei Valim and Linardi 2006: 22. Type host: Nystalus chacuru (Vieillot), the Whiteeared Puffbird. Redescription. Head shaped as in Fig. 25, with broadly rounded preantennal portion and marginal carina having irregular inner border. Tergites II–VIII (Fig. 27) each with 5–8 tergocentral setae. Inconspicuous pleural thickenings without reentrant heads. Female subgenital plate close to Fig. 5; vulval margin with 6–9 short setae on each side, indented slightly medially, and with short seta displaced on each side lateroposterior to this row. Male subgenital plate as in Valim and Linardi (2006: Fig. 7); genitalia as in Valim and Linardi (2006: Figs. 5–6), with only 2 sensilla on each endomeral arm. Female dimensions: TW, 0.43–0.45; HL, 0.48; CI, 1.07–1.12; PW, 0.26–0.27; MW, 0.39–0.41; AWV, 0.49–0.58; TL, 1.66–1.81. Male dimensions (from Valim and Linardi 2006): TW, 0.33–0.44; HL, 0.43–0.47; CI, 1.07–1.30 (mean= 1.13); PW, 0.23–0.26; MW, 0.33–0.38; AWV, 0.37–0.56; GL, 0.22–0.30; TL, 1.30–1.63. Material. Ex N. chacuru, 1 female (DNA voucher 1.13.2003.14), BOLIVIA: Dpto. Santa Cruz, Estancia Cambaras, 38 km SW San Matias, 16 ° 40 ’ S, 58 ° 30 ’ W (LSUMZ, hosts DFL- 1154 and CCW- 962, 1 August 1999). Ex N. maculatus (J.F. Gmelin), 1 female (DNA voucher 1.13.2003.12), BOLIVIA: Dpto. Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, ca. 138 km SW San Matias, 17 ° 12 ’ S, 59 ° 20 ’ W (LSUMZ, DGC- 506, 21 July 1999). Remarks. This species is unique among the Picicola found on the jacamars and puffbirds by having at least five tergocentral setae on all of abdominal tergites II–VIII. The absence of conspicuous pleural thickenings also supports this separation.Published as part of Price, Roger D. & Weckstein, Jason D., 2006, Picicola Clay and Meinertzhagen (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from jacamars and puffbirds (Piciformes: Galbulidae, Bucconidae), with descriptions of five new species, pp. 37-50 in Zootaxa 1367 on page 46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17482
Picicola galbulica Valim & Linardi 2006, new species
No full textPicicola galbulica Valim & Linardi, new species (Figs. 9–16) Type host: Galbula ruficauda Cuvier, 1816 —rufoustailed jacamar (Piciformes: Galbulidae) This new species is assigned to the snodgrassi speciesgroup as established by Dalgleish (1969), by having: conspicuous pleural thickenings with well marked reentrant heads, head smoothly rounded anteriorly, and male genitalia with three sensilla on each dorsal endomeral arm. However, unlike other members of the snodgrassi speciesgroup, the marginal carina is not different in its sclerotization. Male and Female. General aspect of body slender (Figs. 9 and 11). Head (Figs. 10 and 12) rounded anteriorly. Pleural thickenings conspicuous with well marked reentrant heads. Tergites II–VII of male and female entire and moderately sclerotised, entire, and without anterior median notch. Two anterior setae on tergite II. Sternites II–VI moderately visible. Pleural setae present on pleurites IV–VIII. Postspiracular setae present on III–VII. Abdomen slender (Length/Width index 2.16, male, and 2.19, female). Male (Fig. 9). Male genitalia as in Fig. 13, with three sensilla on each dorsal endomeral arm (Fig. 14) and genital plate as in Fig. 15. Tergal central setae (except postespiracular setae): 2 on II–VI; 4 on VII–VIII. Sternal setae: 2 on sternites II–VI. Measurements: HL, 0.42–0.44 (0.43); TW, 0.34–0.36 (0.35); CI, 1.22–1.24 (1.23); POL, 0.10–0.12 (0.11); POW, 0.21–0.22 (0.22); PEL, 0.13–0.14 (0.14); PEW, 0.30 (0.30); AL, 0.90–0.98 (0.93); AW, 0.39–0.44 (0.43); GL, 0.20–0.22 (0.22); TL, 1.53–1.65 (1.58). Female (Fig. 11). Vulvar chaetotaxy with 16 setae (mean—6–9 on each side). Subgenital plate and vulvar region as in Fig. 16. Tergal central setae (except post spiracular setae): 2 on II–VI; 4 on VII–VIII. Two sternal setae on sternites II–VI. Measurements: HL, 0.44–0.47 (0.45); TW, 0.35–0.40 (0.38); CI, 1.18–1.26 (1.18); POL, 0.11–0.13 (0.12); POW, 0.22–0.24 (0.23); PEL, 0.13–0.16 (0.143); PEW, 0.31–0.44 (0.34); AL, 0.96–1.13 (1.05); AW, 0.44–0.51 (0.48); TL, 1.61–1.84 (1.75). Type material: male holotype, ex Galbula ruficauda, BRAZIL: Brasília, Distrito Federal, Fazenda Água Limpa (15º 57’S, 47º 56’W), 0 7 Oct. 2002, G52340, coll. Mieko Kanegae. Paratypes: 2 males and 6 females, 0 7 Oct. 2002, G 52339, coll. Mieko Kanegae, from same type locality and same type host as the holotype. Holotype and 10 paratypes are deposited in the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Entomological Collection/FIOCRUZ (IOCC). Additional male and female paratypes are deposited in the Collection of Ectoparasites of the Departamento de Parasitologia / ICBUFMG . Taxonomic remarks: The new species closely resembles Picicola striata, differing from it by chaetotaxy and morphometric characters. The four tergocentral setae on tergite VII of the males, the genitalia length (slightly longer in P. striata), and details of the endomeral plate in the male genitalia allow separation of P. galbulica sp. n. from P. striata. In P. galbulica sp. n., the female genital chamber is more conspicuous than in P. striata. Etymology: The specific name galbulica is derived from the generic name of the type host. Discussion: The previous record of chewing lice from the whiteeared puffbird (Nystalus chacuru) is by Oniki (1999: 188; as Bucco chacuru) from two birds captured in Mato Grosso, Brazil, and by Johnson et al. (2002) from same species bird in Bolivia, both as Picicola sp. However, Price et a l. (2003) did not list these record because their checklist only includes published records of louse species, not genera. Picicola serrafreirei sp. n. is the second species of Picicola known from members of the family Bucconidae. The only record of a chewing louse from the rufoustailed jacamar is Menacanthus caudatus (Giebel, 1876) (Menoponidae), listed as a doubtful species by Price and Emerson (1975) because its original description is inadequate and no type specimens, or material from the type host, were available to them. However, Price et al. (2003) have retained the validity of the species. Oniki (1999) found one specimen of Picicola sp. from the rufoustailed jacamar in Mato Grosso State (Brazil) but she did not identify it further. Picicola galbulica sp. n. is the first species of Picicola recorded from any species of the family Galbulidae. These morphological similarities among the species P. serrafreirei sp. n., P. galbulica sp. n., and P. striata are in accordance with the phylogenetic proposal of Johnson et al. (2002) using molecular data. Both studies show that species of Picicola on jacamars are closely related to the species on puffbirds. Acknowledgments This study is part of the M.Sc. thesis of M.P.V. in Parasitology / Programa de Pósgraduação em Parasitologia / Instituto de Ciências Biológicas / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / UFMG. We are most grateful to Mieko F. Kanegae (Brasília, DF—Brazil) for providing the specimens used for this study. We thank Ricardo L. Palma (Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, New Zealand) and Robert C. Dalgleish (San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego, USA) for their critical review of the manuscript. We would also like to thank Drª Yoshika Oniki (Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio ClaroSP, Brazil) who loaned the specimens of Picicola striata for comparation and Fabio A. Hernandes (Universidade Estadual Paulista S.J. Rio PretoSP, Brazil) for assistance in preparing the plates.Published as part of Valim, Michel P. & Linardi, Pedro M., 2006, Two new species of Picicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938 (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from Piciformes (Bucconidae and Galbulidae) in Brazil, pp. 21-29 in Zootaxa 1172 on pages 25-28, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.264568
La giurisdizione contabile e i confini del danno "da disservizio” (nota a Cass., Sez. Un., ord. n. 2370/2023)
No full textTRATTAMENTI NEUROPROTETTIVI SU DANNO DA ISCHEMIA/RIPERFUSIONE IN MODELLI SPERIMENTALI DI ARRESTO CARDIACO ED EXTRA CORPOREAL LIFE SUPPORT
Get PDFINTRODUZIONE: La sopravvivenza dopo un arresto cardiaco è strettamente correlata a una precoce riperfusione e ripresa della circolazione sanguigna spontanea (ROSC). Tuttavia, la sopravvivenza dipende anche dall’instaurarsi di una serie di meccanismi fisiopatologici che caratterizzano la cosiddetta sindrome post arresto. Tra i più importanti meccanismi c’è lo sviluppo di un danno cerebrale. Nonostante l’avanzamento delle tecniche di riperfusione anche tramite aiuto di extracorporeal life support (ECLS) la sopravvivenza a 30 giorni dei pazienti che superano l’evento acuto arresto cardiaco è inferiore al 30%. SCOPO: Scopo degli studi effettuati durante il Corso di Dottorato in Scienze Cardiovascolari è stato di studiare le capacità neuro protettive di diversi approcci terapeutici applicati in 3 modelli sperimentali di arresto cardiaco trattato con ECLS. I trattamenti studiati sono stati: ipotermia terapeutica, ipotermia farmacologica, infusione della soluzione ALM (Adenosina-Lidocaina-Magnesio), perfusione cerebrale selettiva anterograda (SCP) durante arresto di circolo, infusione di Ossido Nitrico gassoso (NO), e riscaldamento lento dopo ipotermia accidentale. MATERIALI E METODI: Tutti gli esperimenti si sono svolti su ratti di sesso maschile, del ceppo Sprague Dawley, del peso di circa 500 g nelle strutture del CIRSAL (Centro Interdipartimentale di Servizio alla Ricerca Sperimentale) presso la Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia di Verona. In particolare, sono stati ideati, realizzati ed utilizzati 3 modelli sperimentali di arresto cardiaco e riperfusione con circuito miniaturizzato di Circolazione Extra Corporea (CPB): Modello di arresto cardiaco sottoposto ad ECLS, modello di arresto di circolo e SCP in CPB, modello di arresto cardiaco da ipotermia accidentale e riscaldamento tramite ECLS. RISULTATI: Nel modello di arresto cardiaco sottoposto a ECLS dall’analisi western blot dei cervelli congelati si è evidenziato un ruolo protettivo, antinfiammatorio (IL-10, IL-6, MCP1, iNOS) e anti-apoptotico (RBM3) dell’ipotermia topica e dell’ipotermia farmacologica indotta con WIN55-212. Lo stesso modello di arresto è stato utilizzato sottoponendo un gruppo di ratti a trattamento con ALM: le analisi sui cervelli congelati hanno mostrato un certo grado di riduzione dell’infiammazione (IL-6, Il-10) ma senza risultati definitivi certi. Molto più efficace si è invece dimostrato il trattamento con ossido nitrico inalatorio somministrato tramite ossigenatore con riduzione della risposta infiammatoria e dell’ipossia visualizzata su preparati di cervelli in formalina con marker immunofluorescenti per microglia (Iba1) e per Tioli. Nel modello di arresto di circolo e SCP in CPB, durante gli esperimenti è stato possibile realizzare l’obiettivo di dimostrare la validità del nuovo modello attraverso l’analisi EEG, i preparati istologici e l’analisi dei marker di biologia molecolare (Caspasi 3, RBM3, VEGF, PARP) ma non è stata dimostrata l’efficacia del trattamento con ALM infusa direttamente nel circolo cerebrale. Nel modello di arresto cardiaco da ipotermia accidentale e riscaldamento tramite ECLS è stato possibile evidenziare l’importanza di un riscaldamento lento rispetto ad un riscaldamento veloce tramite riduzione dell’attivazione della microglia (Iba1) riduzione, evidenziato alla analisi con Risonanza Magnetica, dell’edema cerebrale e miglioramento della perfusione cerebrale a 24 ore dall’arresto e riduzione dei marker infiammatori e di stress ossidativo evidenziati all’analisi immunoistochimica (TNFα, IL-6, CCl5, ICAM1, Malondialdeide, Nitrotirosina). CONCLUSIONI: La frequenza in questi anni nel reparto di Cardiochirurgia ha fatto crescere in me la consapevolezza dell’importanza di trovare metodi sempre migliori e più efficaci per ridurre i danni cerebrali dopo arresto cardiaco o arresto di circolo durante chirurgia dell’arco aortico. Gli studi effettuati sui modelli sperimentali creati presso il laboratorio di ricerca cardiovascolare durante i 3 anni di Dottorato si sono evoluti portando alla creazione di modelli sperimentali sempre più realistici e complessi che riproducono ciò che avviene nella pratica clinica. Il lavoro effettuato pone delle basi scientifiche e metodologiche per la realizzazione di nuovi ulteriori studi sviluppando con ulteriori analisi i trattamenti sperimentali già proposti e utilizzando i nostri modelli sperimentali per studi su nuovi trattamenti nel campo della cardio e neuroprotezione nel danno da ischemia e riperfusione post arresto cardiaco accidentale o cardioplegico
Experimental investigation and numerical modeling of FDM-3D printed material mechanical behavior
No full textWith the increasing use of 3D printed materials, the production technology needs to be thoroughly investigated from both experimental and numerical perspectives. Experimental analysis of 3D printed materials helps to elucidate the impact of numerous printing parameters on material behavior, thereby guiding the design of 3D printed components for specific applications. On the other hand, numerical modeling allows researchers to identify the most effective approaches to simulate the materials’ behavior, taking into account the various factors involved, such as anisotropy and the influence of printing parameters. While the literature offers extensive experimental studies on the mechanical behavior of 3D printed materials, numerical modeling remains less explored. Although recent contributions have emerged, there is still a need for comprehensive studies addressing the numerical simulation of these materials’ behavior. This study has two main objectives. The first objective is to conduct an in-depth investigation into the mechanical behavior of 3D printed PLA through a series of experimental tests on two different types of PLA. These tests focus on understanding damage mechanisms and propagation patterns. Specifically, standard tensile and flexural tests, as well as fracture tests such as compact tension (C/T) and single-edge notched bending (SENB), are performed. These tests allow to characterize the mechanical behavior of these materials, estimating their elasto-plastic parameters and identifying the various damage mechanisms that occur. The second objective is to develop a plasticity and damage model to simulate the experimentally observed mechanical behavior, including the overall stress-strain behavior, the detection of the different damage mechanisms, and their propagation timelines. Using experimental results, the model’s elasto-plastic and damage parameters are calibrated to accurately replicate the experimentally obtained behavior. The numerical study is both challenging and stimulating due to the material’s anisotropy and the simultaneous presence of multiple damage mechanisms. Numerous parameters must be considered to effectively simulate these materials’ behavior. The model’s underlying assumptions are derived from and validated through experimental tests. Comparisons between experimental and numerical results highlight the model’s effectiveness and identify areas for potential improvement, ensuring a robust framework for simulating the complex behavior of 3D printed materials
Description of the male of Mayriphilopterus nystalicus Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae)
No full textValim, Michel P., Linardi, Pedro M. (2007): Description of the male of Mayriphilopterus nystalicus Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae). Zootaxa 1604: 47-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17874
Two new species of Picicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938 (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from Piciformes (Bucconidae and Galbulidae) in Brazil
No full textValim, Michel P., Linardi, Pedro M. (2006): Two new species of Picicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938 (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from Piciformes (Bucconidae and Galbulidae) in Brazil. Zootaxa 1172: 21-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.264568
ExperimentReplicationTables – Supplemental material for Globalization and Willingness to Support the Poor in Developing Countries: An Experiment in India
No full textSupplemental material, ExperimentReplicationTables for Globalization and Willingness to Support the Poor in Developing Countries: An Experiment in India by Sera Linardi and Nita Rudra in Comparative Political Studies</p
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