2 research outputs found
Volatile compounds, texture, and color characterization of meatballs made from beef, rat, wild boar, and their mixtures
No full textThe purpose of this research was to characterize the volatile compounds, texture, and color profile of meatballs made from beef, rat, wild boar, and their combinations. Volatile compounds were analyzed using SPME/GC-MS and multivariate data analysis (PCA, PLS-DA). Additionally, several textural features such as hardness, gumminess, chewiness, cohesiveness, and colour (L, a∗, b∗, C, and h) were also analyzed. The findings revealed that texture and color characteristics can only be used to differentiate meatballs based on their raw meat materials when meat adulterants are used in high concentrations (≥50). PLS-DA analysis of volatile data revealed distinct groupings among various types of meatballs, including meatballs adulterated with rat or wild boar meat at the lowest percentage used in this study (20). By using VIP and correlation coefficient, the strongest markers in beef, rat, and wild boar meatballs were identified as (Z)-2-amino-5-methyl-benzoic acid, 2-heptenal, and cyclobutanol, respectively. Nonanal was consistently found as a significant marker in the meatballs made from a mixture of beef-rat and beef-wild boar at different ratios. This study demonstrated that the volatile profile of meat is more reliable than physicochemical profiles for developing an analytical tool for quickly identifying undesired meat in meat-derived products. © 2022 The Author(s
The use of instrumental technique and chemometrics for essential oil authentication: A review
No full textThe use of essential oils for diverse purposes shows the increasing demand worldwide. These conditions encouraged fraudulent practices to maximize profit and set competitive prices. This review describes the characterization of essential oils (EOs) and their extraction technique before analysis. The type of adulteration and the technique for authentication, including chromatographic, spectroscopic, and others, either alone or in combination with the chemometrics technique, are also profoundly explained. Many studies use a combination of targeted and non-targeted approaches. Combining these two approaches were considered to produce accurate and reliable results for the authentication of EOs. The most advanced method was for authentication of lavender oil, citrus oils (lemon, bergamot, neroli), rose oil, peppermint oil, wintergreen oil, patchouli oil, and citronella oils. However, many EOs traded, and no international standards to regulate them. © 2022 The Author(s
