122,121 research outputs found
Detection of Salmonella typhimurium using an electrochemical immunosensor.
No full textAn electrochemical immunosensor based on screen-printed gold working electrode
with onboard carbon counter and silver–silver chloride pseudo-reference
electrode for Salmonella typhimurium detection is described in this paper.
Monoclonal anti-S. typhimurium antibody was immobilized using physical and
covalent immobilization via amine coupling of carboxymethyldextran on the
surface of the gold working electrode. A direct sandwich enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assays (ELISA) format was then developed and optimized using a
polyclonal anti-Salmonella antibodies conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP)
as the enzyme label. 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine dihydrochloride (TMB)/H2O2
was used as the enzyme mediator/substrate system. Electrochemical detection was
conducted using chronoamperometry at −200 mV vs. onboard screen-printed Ag–AgCl
pseudo-reference electrode. The applied potential was selected through the study
of the electrochemical behaviour of bare gold electrode with TMB–H2O2–IgG–HRP
system. S. typhimurium detection of 5 × 103 cells ml−1 and 20 cells ml−1 was
achieved respectively for physical and covalent antibody immobilization. The
developed sensor was then compared to a commercial ELISA kit and a chromogenic
agar plating method for meat samples analysis. The sensor format shows a
promising technology for simple and sensitive detection system for Salmonella
contamination. Rapid detection of Salmonella is a key to the prevention and
identification of problems relate
Development of immunosensors for mycotoxins analysis
No full textAflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) and fumonisins (Fms) are mycotoxin contaminants found in peanuts and corn, respectively, and are known to be immunosuppressive and carcinogenic compounds. Therefore, the development of rapid and sensitive method for detecting these toxins especially for field analysis is required for risk assessment and management. The work presented in this thesis reports on the construction of sensor platforms capable of fulfilling these requirements. The use of, screen-printed thick film electrodes, gold nano-particle application and microelectrodes on a silicone support were investigated as suitable sensor platforms. The development of indirect and direct competitive immunoassay formats for the electrochemical immunosensor construction was undertaken for AFB₁ and Fms determination.
Cont/d
Development of an electrochemical immunosensor for fumonisins detection in foods
No full textAn electrochemical affinity sensor for the determination of fumonisins
mycotoxins (Fms) using monoclonal antibody modified screen-printed gold
electrode with carbon counter and silver-silver chloride pseudo-reference
electrode is reported in this work. A direct competitive enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was initially developed, exhibiting a detection
limit of 100 µg·L-1for fumonisins. This was then transferred to the surface of a
bare gold screen-printed electrode (SPGE) and detection was performed by
chronoamperometry, monitoring the reaction of 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine
dihydrochloride (TMB) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) catalysed by HRP at -100 mV
potential vs. onboard Ag-AgCl pseudo-reference electrode. The immunosensor
exhibited detection limit of 5 µg·L-1 fumonisins with a dynamic range from 1
µg·L-1-1000 µg·L-1. The sensor also performed well in extracted cor
Supplementary Materials and Methods, Figures 1 - 14, Table 1 from Molecular Biomarkers of Residual Disease after Surgical Debulking of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
No full textPDF file - 2766KB, Supplementary methods and reports describing all data analyses. Supplementary Table 1. Probesets (N=47) and associated genes (N=38) having consistent differences in expression between residual disease (RD) and No-RD patients in the TCGA and Tothill data sets at a 10 percent false discovery rate in each data set. Figure 1. Bivariate plot of two-sample RD-No RD t-values for TCGA and Tothill. The vast majority of the probesets selected show higher expression in RD cases. Lumican (LUM) is the strongest overall. Figure 2. Zoom on the upper quadrant of the bivariate plot of two-sample RD-No RD t-values for TCGA and Tothill, to show the names more clearly. Figure 3. Heatmap of the TCGA Samples using just the 8 probesets passing the 5 percent FDR filter for both TCGA and Tothill. Figure 4. Heatmap of the Tothill Samples using just the 8 probesets passing the 5 percent FDR filter for both TCGA and Tothill. Figure 5. Heatmap of the TCGA Samples using the 47 probesets passing the 10 percent FDR filter for both TCGA and Tothill. Figure 6. Heatmap of the Tothill Samples using the 47 probesets passing the 10 percent FDR filter for both TCGA and Tothill. Figure 7. Correlations in the TCGA data between the 47 probesets selected by 10 percent FDR cutoffs. Figure 8. Correlations in the Tothill data between the 47 probesets selected by 10 percent FDR cutoffs. Figure 9. Dot and density plots for lumican (LUM) in TCGA and Tothill. Figure 10. Dot and density plots for decorin (DCN) in TCGA and Tothill. Figure 11. Dot and density plots for GADD45B in TCGA and Tothill. Figure 12. Dot and density plots for FABP4 in TCGA and Tothill. Figure 13. Dot and density plots for ADH1B in TCGA and Tothill. Figure 14. Dot and density plots for ADIPOQ in TCGA and Tothill.</p
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Development of a sensitive detection method of cancer biomarkers in human serum (75%) using a quartz crystal microbalance sensor and nanoparticles amplification system
No full textA simple and sensitive sensor method for cancer biomarkers [prostate specific
antigen (PSA) and PSA-alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) complex] analysis was
developed, to be applied directly with human serum (75%) by using antibody
modified quartz crystal microbalance sensor and nanoparticles amplification
system. A QCM sensor chip consisting of two sensing array enabling the
measurement of an active and control binding events simultaneously on the sensor
surface was used in this work. The performance of the assay and the sensor was
first optimised and characterised in pure buffer conditions before applying to
serum samples. Extensive interference to the QCM signal was observed upon the
analysis of serum. Different buffer systems were then formulated and tested for
the reduction of the non-specific binding of sera proteins on the sensor
surface. A PBS buffer containing 200 mu g mL(-1) BSA, 0.5 M NaCI, 500 mu g mL(-
1) dextran and 0.5% Tween 20, was then selected which eliminated the interfering
signal by 98% and enabled the biomarker detection assay to be performed in 75%
human serum. By using Au nanoparticles to enhance the QCM sensor signal, a limit
of detection of 0.29 ng mL(-1) PSA and PSA-ACT complex (in 75% serum) with a
linear dynamic detection range up to 150 ng mL(-1) was obtained. With the
achieved detection limit in serum samples, the developed QCM assay shows a
promising technology for cancer biomarker analysis in patient samples. (C) 2010
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
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