Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences
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Surgery with Cross-Speciality Approach to Pediatric Gastric Trichobezoar Obstruction In Indonesia: A Case Report
No full textTrichobezoar, a rare conditions in pediatric patients affecting less than 1%, often associated with trichotillomania, can lead to obstructive symptoms in severe cases. However, none of the published cases have documented surgical intervention alongside interdisciplinary collaboration in Indonesia that comply SCARE 2023. This case report aims to enhance pediatric trichobezoar literature, by sharing tailored approaches for limited-resource settings and the role of multidisciplinary strategies with surgical intervention. We represent a case of an 8-year-old girl from a low resource setting with a recent episode of vomiting after consuming her own hair for the past six months. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed hair bezoar completely occluding the gastric pylorus. The patient underwent laparotomy with gastrotomy to extract the bezoar. She was then treated by the psychiatrist for trichotillomania, by the pediatrics for catch-up growth, and by the dermato-venereologist for alopecia. No complications or adverse events were observed.
Keywords: trichobezoar, gastric obstruction, pediatrics, Indonesia, pediatric surger
Correlation Between Care Patterns and HbA1c in Prolanis Diabetes Melitus Patients at Deket Health Center Lamongan
No full textEast Java has the highest DM cases in Indonesia, especially Lamongan Regency with 23,226 cases. The high number of DM cases is influenced by several things, including the implementation of DM treatment patterns in terms of HbA1c examination. Inappropriate treatment patterns will have a negative impact on DM patients. In addition, changes in physical activity, diet, and medication compliance also influence HbA1c levels in DM patients. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between care patterns regarding HbA1c levels in Diabetes Mellitus patients. This research method is observational analytic study utilized a cross-sectional design. The study population comprised all Type 2 DM patients enrolled in Prolanis at Deket Public Health Center. A total of 54 patients were sampled using a diabetes self-management care pattern questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis, with the Spearman rank test via SPSS. The research results found that out of 54 respondents, 30 had poor care patterns. Among those, 28 (93.3%) had poor HbA1c levels, 2 (6.7%) had moderate HbA1c levels, and none (0.0%) had good HbA1c levels. The conclusion of this study is there is a relationship between HbA1c levels and the care patterns of Type 2 DM patients at Deket Public Health Center, Lamongan
Relationship between PLR Value and Severity of Dengue Infection in Pediatric Patients in the Aster Room at RSUD dr. Soebandi Jember
No full textDengue infection is a disease caused by dengue virus infection and transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, and is a major health problem in children, especially in developing countries. The Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) is a novel inflammatory biomarker that has recently been frequently studied and plays a role in the assessment of viral infectious diseases, and the use of PLR in viral infectious diseases has previously found greater potential compared with the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR). It is hoped that PLR can become a new biomarker for predicting the severity of dengue infection which is suitable for use in developing countries because PLR ​​is a cheap biomarker and is available in all clinical conditions. This research is a correlative analytical observational study using a cross-sectional approach. This research design was carried out by collecting data from children diagnosed with dengue infection as well as data on platelets and lymphocytes on the first day of admission to the hospital. This research uses stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation with a confidence level of 99%. The results of Spearman's correlation analysis showed a strong significant relationship with p<0.01 (p=0.000) and a correlation coefficient of -0.753. In conclusion, there is a significant and strong relationship between the Platelet-to-Lymphocy Ratio (PLR) value and the severity of dengue infection in pediatric patients in the Aster ward of RSUD Dr. Soebandi Jember. If the PLR ​​value increases, the severity of dengue infection will be lower or decrease and vice versa.
Keywords: PLR; dengue infection; children; platelets; lymphocyte
An An Analysis Of The Incidence Of Sensorinural Hearing Loss Based On Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Obesity Factor: An Analysis Of The Incidence Of Sensorinural Hearing Loss Based On Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Obesity Factor
No full textIndonesia ranks fourth in Southeast Asia with a 2.3% prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss, a condition that may result from various risk factors including diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity. DM can impair cochlear vascularization, while obesity significantly affects vascular function, potentially impacting the auditory system. This study aims to analyze the relationship between type 2 DM and obesity with sensorineural hearing loss. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted on 64 participants aged 18–60 years, selected via purposive sampling. Type 2 DM was diagnosed by internal medicine consultants, and obesity was assessed using waist-to-hip ratio measurements. Data analysis employed Fisher's exact test and logistic regression. The study was ethically approved by the Health Ethics Committee of RS PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta (No. 05/KEPK/RS.PKU/X/2024). Results showed a significant correlation between type 2 DM and sensorineural hearing loss (p=0.037) and between obesity and sensorineural hearing loss (p=0.001). The odds ratio for type 2 DM was 12.031, while for obesity it was 58.059, indicating that obesity poses a substantially higher risk. In conclusion, type 2 DM and obesity are significantly associated with the occurrence of sensorineural hearing loss, suggesting that addressing these risk factors may help reduce its prevalence.
Keywords: Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, Obesitas, Gangguan Pendengaran Sensorineural, Faktor Risiko
Effect of Extract Piper nigrum and Cymbopogon citratus on LDL and HDL Levels in Rattus norvegicus with Hypercholesterolemia
No full textHypercholesterolemia is the most common cause of noncommunicable diseases, which are a public health concern because they cause significant morbidity and mortality. Hypercholesterolemia is a condition in which blood cholesterol levels are excessive, with LDL levels too high and HDL levels too low, thereby increasing the risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Black pepper (Piper nigrum) contains the active compound piperine, which may reduce cholesterol absorption. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) contains flavonoids that may lower cholesterol. Based on this description, this research aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract of black pepper (Piper nigrum) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) on LDL and HDL levels in white rats (Rattus novergicus) with hypercholesterolemia. This research method is a laboratory experimental study using 6 groups of samples, each group of 5 mice. The sample group consisted of a negative control group (given only standard chow), a positive control group (given only standard chow and high-fat chow), the treatment group was given standard chow, high-fat chow and extract (group P1, given black pepper extract at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW, group P2, given black pepper extract at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW, group P3, given lemongrass extract at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW, group P4, given lemongrass extract at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW). The results of the study showed that ethanol extract of black pepper and lemongrass were effective in reducing LDL levels in hypercholesterolemic white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The dose of black pepper ethanol extract that is most effective in reducing LDL levels is 500 mg/kgBB and the dose of lemongrass ethanol extract that is effective in reducing LDL levels is 200 mg/kgBB p-value = 0,013 < 0,05. The results of this study also showed that the ethanolic extract of black pepper and lemongrass had no effect on increasing HDL levels p-value = 0,665 > 0,05.
Keywords: black pepper extract, lemongrass extract, hypercholesterolemia, LDL, HD
Ischemic Stroke Induced by Bee Sting in Agricultural Society – A Rare Complication of Bee Sting: A Case Report
No full textAbstract
Introduction:
Ischemic stroke is one of the highest causes of morbidity and mortality. One of the factors that triggers ischemic stroke which is quite rare is a bee sting. Pathomechanism of this condition remain unclear. This case report will describe a rare complication of bee sting and discuss it from a pathomechanism perspective.
Case Report:
A 40-year old woman came to the emergency room at Dr. Koesnadi Bondowoso with the main complaint of weakness in the right face. Referral patients from community health centers. The patient's complaint occurred 7,5 hours ago after being stung by a bee on the middle finger of his left hand. Physical examination showed facial angioedema, edema of digiti manus III sinsitra, and others normal. On neurological examination, it was found: Parasis Nervus XII and VII sinistra UMN type and hemiparasis sinistra. Laboratory examination showed increased neutrophils (90.4%) and eosinophilia (0.1%). A non-contrast CT scan examination showed a hypodense lesion in the right hemisphere. The patient was given antiplatelet, antihistamin, and neuroprotectan.
Discussion:
One of the rare complications of bee stings is ishemic stroke. This occurs due to the toxin from bee stings which contain vasoactive, pro-inflammatory agents, thrombogenic peptides, thromboxane A2, and leukotrienes which trigger platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction. This condition can trigger trombus formation and lead to ischemic stroke. Medical personnel, especially neurologists, must be aware of pathomechanism from the quite rare complications of ischemic stroke induced by bee stings, especially in rural areas
Keywords: Ischemic Stroke, Bee sting, rural area.
 
Evaluation of Acute Oral Toxicity of Flavonoid Rutinoside on Liver Histopathology in Wistar Rats
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the acute oral toxicity of the flavonoid rutinoside on liver histopathology in Wistar rats, following OECD Guideline No. 423. Twelve Wistar rats were divided into four groups: male control and female control receiving oral administration of 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and treatment groups of male and female rats receiving rutinoside at a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight (BW) in 5% DMSO orally. Post-treatment, liver histopathological examinations were performed to assess potential toxicological effects. The results indicated no signs of acute toxicity, as no significant histopathological alterations were observed in the liver tissues of the treated groups compared to the control groups. This study suggests that oral administration of rutinoside at 5000 mg/kg BW does not induce acute liver toxicity in Wistar rats under experimental settings.
Keywords: acute oral toxicity, liver, rutinosid
