Bionature (Journal)
Not a member yet
184 research outputs found
Sort by
DIVERSITY OF SEA URCHINS ON THE BEACHSAMBOANG, BULUKUMBA DISTRICT
No full textThe aim of this research is to determine the diversity of sea urchins found in the waters of Samboang Beach, Bulukumba Regency. This research method uses a line transect method with a size of 1 m x 1 m. The data obtained was then identified, then analyzed using the diversity index (H'), evenness index (C) and dominance index (D). The results show that the number of sea urchin species found on Samboang Beach, Bulukumba Regency is 4 species consisting of Echinometra oblonga, Echinometra mathaei, Echinometra viridis, and Diadema setosum. The sea urchin diversity category is classified as medium, namely 1.25. The dominance index is relatively low, namely 0.31, and the evenness index is relatively stable, namely 0.903.Keywords: diversity, dominance, evenness, sea urchin
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Potential of 70% Ethanol Extract, n-Hexane Fraction, Ethyl Acetate Fraction and Methanol:Water Fraction of Gotu Kola Leaves (Centella asiatica)
No full textThis research aims to examine the phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of 70% ethanol extract of Centella asiatica leaves and the results of fractionation using 3 types of solvents with different polarities. Centella asiatica leaves were extracted by maceration method, then fractionation and phytochemical screening were carried out. Test the total phenolic content with the Folin Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activity with the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The yield of 70% ethanol solvent maceration, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and methanol fraction were 18.782%, 3.05%, 6.19%, 92.46%. Phytochemical screening of 70% ethanol extract of Centella asiatica leaves contains flavonoids, tannins, phenolics, alkaloids and steroids. The n-hexane fraction contains alkaloids, tannins, phenolics and triterpenoids. The ethyl acetate fraction contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, alkaloids and steroids. The methanol:water fraction contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenolics and triterpenoids. The total phenolic content test of 70% ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and methanol:water fraction was 12.773 ± 0.479 mg GAE/g, 1.182 ± 0.124 mg GAE/g, 18.334 ± 0.305 mg GAE/g, 10.211 ± 0.247 mg GAE/g. Antioxidant activity of 70% ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and methanol:water fraction with IC50 values of 77.4 ppm, 2122,5 ppm, 45.6 ppm and 126 ppm
Antioxidant Activities and Bioactive Compound in The Extract of Lobophytum sp.
Full text linkThis study is a descriptive exploratory research that aims to know the activity of soft coral Lobophytum sp. extract as an antioxidant. Sample extraction was done by maceration using methanol. Viscous extract obtained was then partitioned using n-hexane until gained methanol and n-hexane fraction. The chemical compositions of the methanol extract of Lobophytum sp were investigated using Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry. The yield result of soft coral Lobophytum sp. extract is 2,59%. The weight of extract partition result were methanol fraction 8,76 g and n-hexane fraction 1,02 g. Antioxidant activity test using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Ascorbic acid was also used as positive antioxidant control. The percentage of inhibition and IC50 were measured. Antioxidant activity test which gains the best antioxidant activity is methanol fraction then followed by n-hexane fraction, both showed DPPH free radical 50% can be inhibited the activity with IC50 rate in a sequence 16,93 ppm and 30,93 ppm. GC-MS analysis, 50 kinds of chemical composition are identified in the Lobophytum sp. The results showed that the soft coral extracts of Lobophytum sp. has antioxidant activity.Keywords: soft coral (Lobophytum sp), GC-MS, fractions metahol and hexan
Characterization and Identification of Chemical Fungtional Groups in Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) Broth with edded Vegetables and Spices
Full text linkAdding the nutritional content of broth powder without destroying the distinctive taste of the broth can be done using pure mushroom extract and additional vegetables and spices. This study aims to determine the organoleptic characteristics and identify the chemical functional groups of glutamic acid in the best samples of oyster mushroom broth powder added with vegetables and spices. The results of the organoleptic test were tabulated in a table and then analyzed using a descriptive test. The organoleptic characteristics of the best color parameters were in treatment B1 which had a pale white color . The best treatment of aroma, texture, and taste parameters were found in the B2 treatment with a characteristic aroma of typical broth, fine powder texture, and has a distinctive taste of broth. The identification of the functional groups of secondary metabolites using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) instrumentation. Identification results with FTIR showed absorption at wave number (cm-1): 3419.74, 2934.62, 1639.56, 1409.70, 1055.55. There is N-H, O-H, C-H, C=O carbonyl group and carboxylic C-O, which identify the presence of amide compound, phenol acid, alkane, aldehydes, amid I and carboxylic acid, which are known as glutamic acid in this sample. Keywords: Organoleptic, Functional Groups Identification, Oyster Mushroom Broth Powder Why only B1 that you mentioned in color parameters
The Effect of Citronella Oil and Sesame Oil Emulsion Coating on The Quality and Storability of Mangoes (Mangifera Indica L.)
Full text linkOne of the most promising agricultural commodities is the cultivation of mangoes. One way that can be used to maintain the quality and freshness of the fruit in a simple way is to do an emulsion coating. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of citronella oil and sesame oil emulsion coating on the quality and storability of mango (Mangifera indica L.). The method used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factorial treatments and controls. The first factor was citronella oil under a concentration of 0.5% and 1%. The second factor is sesame oil under a concentration of 0.5% and 1%. The two oils were combined in the emulsion into three treatment combinations, namely S0W2, S2W0, and S1W1. The parameters measured in the observations were hardness, damage, and glucose levels in the fruit. The results showed that the level of hardness of mangoes decreased in the four treatments. Then it was found that there was an effect of delaying the maturity of the fruit with the S1W1 treatment because it was not damaged like the other treatments. While glucose levels in the fruit have increased due to the ripening process. Coating treatment with a ratio of citronella oil concentration of 0.5% to 0.5% sesame oil is the most effective treatment combination in maintaining quality and shelf life because this treatment can delay damage to mangoes.
Mini Review: Controlling of Blood Glucose Levels Utilizing Lactic Acid Bacteria
Full text linkLactic acid bacteria (LAB) interest promises a prospective dietary approach for enhancing the management of blood sugar levels in individuals diagnosed with diabetic and those presenting with pre-diabetic conditions. This review article summarizes the available evidence on the role of LAB in blood sugar regulation, focusing on the mechanisms underlying its effects and relevant research results. LAB supplementation has been shown to improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in animal and human studies, as well as to reduce fasting blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Potential mechanisms underlying the effects of LAB on blood glucose control include improving insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation, and improving intestinal barrier function. However, further supporting studies are needed to fully understand the optimal strain and dose of LAB for blood glucose control and to elucidate the mechanisms by which they exert their effects. Despite promising results, the safety and potential side effects of LAB supplements should also be carefully considered. Overall, this review highlights the potential of LAB as a dietary strategy for blood sugar regulation in individuals with diabetic and pre-diabetic
Toxicity of Soursop (Annona Muricata L) Leaf Extract and Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) Leaf Extract to American Cockroach (Periplaneta Americana)
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the toxicity of soursop leaf extract (Annona muricata L.) and patchouli leaf extract (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) on the mortality of the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). The extract was prepared using the maceration method, using distilled water as a solvent. Soursop and patchouli leaf extracts with a concentration of 5% were sprayed as much as 2 ml on each American cockroach. The results of the study were cockroach mortality data for 1-120 hours with observations every 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. As for the results obtained, the administration of soursop leaf extract cockroach mortality at the 24th hour was 66.67% and at the 48th hour 100% cockroach mortality. Whereas in the administration of patchouli leaf extract cockroach mortality at the 96th hour was 66.67% and at the 120th hour 100% cockroach mortality
Analysis of Physical and Chemical Properties of Void Water Post Coal Mining Relationship With Aquaculture
Full text linkIdentification of the quality of void water after coal mining needs to be carried out in order to utilize the void as a place to raise fish. Identification of water quality, in the form of physical and chemical water. Physical and chemical parameters can influence the survival of cultivated biota, so research needs to be carried out to identify both physical and chemical water parameters related to aquaculture. The research method is taking and measuring water samples in situ and ex situ. Measurements were carried out at three (3) sampling points, sampling four times. The parameters observed are temperature, TSS, pH brightness, O2, BOD, COD, NO3, NO2, NH3, H2S. Descriptive analysis of water quality and comparing the quality standards of Provincial Regulations. East Kalimantan Number 2 of 2011, concerning Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control. APPENDIX V, Class III The results of the water quality analysis physically show that the temperature is 29.5 –31oC brightness 135 – 285 Cm, TSS 13.75 – 27.5 mg/L, Chemical pH 7.42 – 7.68, O2 4.26 – 4.84 mg/L, BOD 0.64 – 1.84 mg/ L, COD 2.96 – 5.93 mg/L, NO3 0.026 – 0.049 mg/L, NO2 0.002 – 0.006 mg/L, NH3 0.01 – 0.13 mg/L and H2S 0 – 0.0087 mg/ L. Water quality parameters, both physical and chemical, still comply with the quality standards of East Kalimantan Province Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2011 concerning Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control. The condition of post-coal mining void water, both physically and chemically, is still suitable for aquaculture.
Komposisi Kimia Pupuk Kompos dari Limbah Padat Rumah Potong Hewan Tamangapa Kota Makassar
Full text linkAbstract. Slaughterhouses (RPH) produce large amounts of solid waste every day and have not been utilized optimally. RPH solid waste has great potential to be used as plant fertilizer through the composting process. Composting is expected to change the organic material composition of the abattoir solid waste to be more ideal to support plant growth. This study aims to determine the chemical composition of compost made from waste at RPH Tamangapa Makassar City before and after the composting process. Composting from solid waste at Tamangapa RPH Makassar was carried out using the main ingredients, namely rumen contents (treatment I) and rumen contents mixed with livestock manure in a ratio of 1:1 (Treatment II). The composting process was carried out in a compost box with a size of 40x40x60 cm with a passive aeration system for 4 weeks with three replications. Quantitative data tested in this study included the content of N-total (%), C-Organic (%), P-total (%), K-total (%), C/N ratio, organic matter (%), water content (%) and compost reduction (%). The results showed that the content of elements C, N, P, K, C/N ratio, organic matter, and water content before composting in both treatment I and treatment II were generally still low and almost the same as the raw materials. After the composting process took place, the content of C, P, K, C/N ratios generally showed an increase, while the N content was relatively constant. The results of the analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the chemical composition of the compost in the treatment and both before and after the composting process.Keywords: RPH solid waste, composting process, chemical composition of compost, C/N ratio
Kandungan Kalsium (Ca) dan Fospor (P) Silase Pakan Komplit Berbahan Dasar Jerami Jagung (Zea Mays) dengan Penambahan Azolla (Azolla pinnata) Sebagai Pakan Ternak Ruminansia
Full text linkAbstract. This study aims to determine the calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content of complete feed silage made from corn straw (Zea mays) with the addition of Azolla (Azolla pinnata) as ruminant animal feed. complete feed silage research used a completely randomized design (crd) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The complete feed treatments applied in this study were: S1= 50% corn straw+30% azolla+19% rice bran+1% mineral mix, s2=50% corn straw+25% azolla+24% rice bran+1 % mineral mix, s3= 50% corn straw+20% azolla+29% rice bran+1% mineral mix, s4=50% corn straw+15% azolla+34% rice bran+1% mineral mix. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the calcium content of complete feed silage made from corn straw (Zea mays) with the addition of azolla at S1, S2, S3, S4 had no significant effect (P> 0.05), the average calcium (Ca) content of the feed was S1 (1.033%), S2 (1.036%), S3 (1.17%) and S4 (0.92%). Treatment S1 was not significantly different from the treatment S2, S3 and S4, S2 was not significantly different from S1, S3, and S4, S3 was not significantly different from S1, S2, and S4 and S4 was not significantly different from S1, S2, and S3. While the calcium content of complete feed silage made from corn straw (Zea mays) with the addition of azolla at S1, S2 and S3 had a significant effect (P<0.05). The average phosphorus content of feed is S1(1, %), S2(1.1%), S3(1.17%) and S4(1.03%). S1 treatment was not significantly different from S4 treatment and significantly different from S2 and S3, S2 was not significantly different from S3 and S4 and significantly different from S1, S3 was significantly different from S4 and S1 and not significantly different from S2, S4 was not significantly different from S1 and S2 but significantly different from S3. It was concluded that the addition of azolla (Azolla pinnata) at different levels to complete feed silage made from corn straw (Zea mays) did not significantly affect the calcium (Ca) content, but had a significant effect on the phosphorus (P) content. The best treatment in S3 with the addition of azolla (Azolla pinnata) 20%. Keywords: Azolla (Azolla pinnata), corn straw (Zea mays), calcium (ca) and phosphorus (p) content, complete silag