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Clusterization in low and intermediate density nuclear matter in the modified nuclear statistical equilibrium model
No full textThe formation of light and intermediate clusters in low and intermediate density nuclear matter is investigated within the modified nuclear statistical equilibrium model. We include clusters up to mass number A=61 and
densities up to 0.1 nucleons fm−3. The original nuclear statistical equilibrium model is modified by using density-dependent cluster binding energies. Whereas the light clusters are dominant at very low densities, it is found that the intermediate clusters become dominant at higher densities. As the temperature increases the dominance of the lighter clusters grows at the expense of the heavier clusters. We also evaluate the equation of state of nuclear matter within this model and determine that the critical temperature is 12.5 MeV, well
below the values predicted by other equations of state. Finally we calculate the fragment multiplicity distribution within this model and find that its derivative with respect to temperature dM/dT has a maximum at a temperature (the liquid–gas transition temperature) close to that expected by other calculations
Arabic Search Reasults Disambiguation
No full text1. First of all, we have chosen 20 Arabic words that have at least two meanings, which are called ambiguous entities, e.g., لحام، سهم، عشاء.
2. We have collected 50 document links for each word with its different meanings using Bing search engine.
3. We have chosen 8 judges, with 4 judges for the first ten words and 4 judges for the rest of the words.
4. Then we distributed forms (shown in A1 & A2) among judges to fill them.
5. Lastly, we calculated Kappa.Machines too like humans are capable of learning once they see relevant data. But where they vary from humans is the amount of data they need to learn from. You need to feed your machines with enough data in order for them to do anything useful for you. The data-set in some cases must be very large to enable sufficient learning for the model to be generated; therefore, the experiment will be transformed to a data collection task
Synthesis, Structures and Various Biological Applications of New Zn(II) Complexes Having Different Coordination Modes Controlled by the Drug Furosemide in Presence of Bioactive Nitrogen Based Ligands.
No full textNovel Zn(II) complexes with the general formula: [Zn(furo)2(L)n], n = 1 or 2,
(furo = furosemide = (4‐chloro‐2‐(furan‐2‐ylmethylamino)‐5‐sulfamoylbenzoic
acid) were prepared. The complexes [Zn(furo)2(MeOH)2] (1; MeOH = methanol),
[Zn(furo)2(2‐ampy)2] (2; 2‐ampy = 2‐aminopyridine), [Zn(furo)2(2‐ammepy)2]
(3; 2‐ammepy = 2‐aminomethylpyridine), [Zn(furo)2(H2O)(2,2‐bipy)] (4; 2,2′‐
bipy = 2,2′‐bipyridine), [Zn(furo)2(H2O)(4,4′‐bipy)] (5; 4,4′‐bipy = 4,4′‐
bipyridine), [Zn(furo)2(1,10‐phen)] (6; 1,10‐phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline),
[Zn(furo)2(2,9‐dmp)] (7; 2,9‐dmp = 2,9‐dimethyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline), and
[Zn (furo)2(quin)2] (8; quin = quinoline) were synthesized and characterized
using different techniques such as IR, UV–Vis, 1
H NMR, 13C NMR, LC/MS
and others. The crystal structure of complex (4) was determined using single‐
crystal X‐ray diffraction.
The anti‐bacterial activity of complexes (1–8) was tested using agar diffusion
method against three gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis
and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and three gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia
coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The obtained results showed
different Inhibition Zone Diameters (IZD) with various anti‐bacterial activities
against the selected gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria.
In addition, the rate of bis‐(4‐nitrophenyl) phosphate hydrolysis was measured
at different temperatures, different pH values and different concentrations. The
rates for the eight complexes were in the following order: complex
4>2>5>8 > 7 > 6 > 3 > 1
Courting economic and social rights in Palestine : justiciability, enforceability and the role of the Supreme Constitutional Court
No full textAn article in : Journal Sharia and Law, College of Law, U.A.E. University, no.77, January 2019In this paper, I will discuss whether Economic and Social Rights (ESRs) constitute fundamental rights in Palestine, as a result of their entrenchment in the constitutional text, the Basic Law of the Palestinian Authority; and if yes, which ones. In fact, while in International Human Rights Law (IHRL), ESRs are presented as a monolithic category of rights, they are not treated as such in national constitutions. Some rights are simply missing from the text; others are present but enjoy different status within the constitution – often depending on the way they are written in the constitutional text, and on the way they are applied by state institutions, in particular the courts. I will also discuss whether those fundamental ESRs, in particular those that appear to be legally binding as a result of their entrenchment in the constitutional text, are – and ought to be – justiciable. I will finally discuss the theoretical and practical objections to the role of a specialized Court in enforcing entrenched ESRs, through constitutional adjudication
Health risk associated with some trace and some heavy metals content of harvested rainwater in Yatta area, Palestine
Full text linkFull text paperAn Article published in journal : Water : vol. 11, no. 2, 2019Rainwater is considered a dependable source for domestic purposes within rural areas
in Palestine. Harvested rainwater stored in cisterns is used to leverage deficits from municipal
water supplies. Harvested rainwater in areas surrounded with industrial and agricultural activities
is usually contaminated with heavy and trace metals. To study the effects of human exposure to
heavy and trace metals, 74 harvested rainwater samples of rain-fed cisterns were collected from
different localities in the Yatta area of Palestine in the months of January and February of 2016. The
water samples were analysed for Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, K, Na, Ag, Li, Co, Ba, Bi, Sr, Ga, V, Rb, Mo, Beand
Tl elements utilizing ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry). The selected trace
metals were found within the concentration limits of the acceptable values, in accordance with
WHO and Palestinian standards, except for K and Al, which were found above the allowed limits.
The potential risks of the selected trace metals on the health of the local residents, as well as the
possible sources of such heavy metals, were also studied. The Chronic daily intake (CDI) of each
metal and health risk indexes (HRI) were calculated for both adults and children residents. The
oral ingestion pathway was studied, including exposure via drinking water. The values for CDI
were found in the descending order of: Ca > Mg > Na > K > Sr > Fe > Al > Ba > Li > V > Rb > Ag
> Mo > Ga > Co > Bi > TI > Be. The values of HRI were below 1 for most of the selected heavy
metals, expect for Li for children, indicating potential health risk. The study also predicted that
the local residents have a higher chance of developing cancer in their lifetime, especially children,
with respect to the carcinogenic risk (CRing) values for Na, Mg, Al, Ba, K, Ca, Fe and Sr, which were
greater than standardized limits (>106). The rest of the selected elements were within the acceptable
limit in the five different studied locations. Furthermore, univariate, multivariate and statistical
analysis depending on one-way ANOVA, inter-metal correlation, cluster analysis (CA) and principal
component analysis (PCA) results revealed that geogenic and anthropogenic activities were major
sources of drinking water contamination by heavy metals in the Yatta area.This work was carried out as part of the ‘Rainwater Harvesting Analysis using Water Harvesting
Evaluation Tool (WHEAT)’ project supported by the USAID- funded Partnerships for Enhanced Engagement
in Research (PEER) program, implemented by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. Sponsor Grant Award
Number: AID-OAA-A-11-00012 and USAID project number Award #G17AC00077
Barriers on the propagation of household solid waste recycling practices in developing countries : State of Palestine example
Full text linkARTICLEArticle published in : Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, Vol.: (0123456789)1 3assist in sustaining the environment for future generations. The success of any recycling program globally depends mostly
on the active and sustained participation of citizens. The purpose of the conducted research presented in this paper is to
investigate the recycling barriers and offer an insight into the motivations that may encourage local population to increase
participation in local recycling schemes. The research focused on Ramallah and Al-Bireh district of Palestine, which is a
developing country with minimum infrastructure and economics; the raw data were collected using structured questionnaires.
The influence of four basic socio-economic factors, namely, gender, level of education, age, and type of residence, on
recycling barriers of individuals was recorded and investigated. The results showed that: lack of awareness and information
on the process of waste separation and storage are the basic recycling barriers of the local population, whereas financial
incentive is the major motivational factor for their active participation. Most importantly, the field research proved that locals
are willing to participate in recycling campaigns and almost half of them appreciate the necessity of recycling-green-point’s
existence for the collection of segregated waste
فوائد ORCID ونقل البيانات بين نظم المعلومات البحثية
No full textنبين في هذا العرض فوائد استخدام معرف ORCID سواء للباحثين أوللمؤسسات وكيفية استخدام هذا المعرف في نقل البيانات من نظام لآخ
Assessment of rainwater harvesting systems in poor rural communities: A case study from Yatta area, Palestine.
No full textARTICLEYatta is a town located nine kilometers south of Hebron city in the West Bank of Palestine.
The town houses over 100,000 people of which 49% are females and has a population that doubles
every 15 years. Yatta has been connected to a water network since 1974 serving nearly 85% of
its households. The water network is old and inadequate to meet the needs of the population.
Water supply made available to the area is limited, estimated at 20 L/capita/day. Residents are
thus forced to rely on water vendors who supply water that is 400% more expensive with a lower
quality compared to municipal water. Therefore, rainwater harvesting is a common practice in the
area, with the majority of households owning at least one cistern. Rainwater harvesting is of great
socio-economic importance in areas where water sources are scarce and/or polluted. In this research,
the quality of harvested rainwater used for drinking and domestic purposes in Yatta was assessed
throughout one year. A total of 100 samples were collected from cisterns with an average capacity of
69 m3, which are adjacent to cement-roof catchment areas of 145 m2 average surface area. Samples
were analyzed for a number of parameters including temperature, pH, alkalinity, hardness, turbidity,
total dissolved solids, NO3, NH4, chloride and salinity. Results showed that most of the rainwater
samples were withinWorld Health Organization (WHO) and Environment Protection Agency (EPA)
guidelines for chemical parameters. Microbiological contents such as total Coliforms and faecal
Coliforms bacteria were tested. The research also addressed the impact of rainwater harvesting
systems on different socio-economic attributes of the local community through a questionnaire that
had been filled out before any sample was collected.This study was funded by the Partnerships for Enhanced Engagement in Research (PEER) program,
implemented by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences—Sponsor Grant No.: AID-OAA-A-11-00012 and
USAID-USGS Grant No. G17AS00001
Public-private partnership in solid waste management sector in the West Bank of Palestine.
No full textarticlePalestine, being a developing country, faces lots of
obstacles and deficiencies in the existing solid waste
management (SWM) field. In wake of these circumstances,
it seems hard for the public sector to run sustainable
SWM systems. The overall objective of the
research presented in this paper was to study the current
status of the SWM field in the West Bank of Palestine
under the perspective of potential private sector involvement.
For this purpose, twelve Joint Service Councils
(JSCs) for solid waste management were investigated.
Out of them, only two are currently having a Public–
Private Partnership (PPP) contract for the management
and operation of the transfer station and the sanitary
landfill. On the other hand, two JSCs are currently
making arrangements and implementing studies for future
PPPs on waste-to-energy, biowaste management
and recycling projects. Jenin and Tubas Joint Service
Council (JSC) had 3-month-duration PPP contract for
the implementation of a recycling project, which is a
worst case scenario as it failed to meet its objectives.
The parameters that could encourage JSCs or ease the
implementation of PPP in localSWMfield are analysed.
Overall conclusion is that sustainability can be accelerated
once the government—represented by the Ministry
of Local Government (MoLG)—is involved; providing
legal support to local authorities and incentives to potential
contractors in order to encourage them to join
PPPs. Parameters that are believed to facilitate PPPs
include the following: development or updating existing
laws and regulations, facilitation of licensing procedures,
and activation of the Investment Promotion
Law. Feasibility and market analysis study implementation
will indicate the appropriate actions required locally
to achieve environmental and financial sustainability in
all contracted PPPs
